常见名词后缀

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-ology

-ance, -ence

psychology, zoology, biology

importance, significance, reliance, finance, performance, acceptance intelligence, existence, difference, convenience, reference, diligence, confidence

difficiency不足，不全，tendency趋势，趋向，frequency频率，pregnancy妊娠，emergency紧急，急救，fluency流利，流畅，sufficiency足够，充足，constancy坚定，经久不变



-ancy, -ency



-(a)tion -(i)tion -(u)tion -ion

-ment

-ness



imagination, explanation, organization, expectation opposition, exposition, recognition solution, resolution

introduction, production, action, correction, operation, discussion, exhibition, expression, invention

movement, argument, department, experiment, development, involvement

safeness安全, darkness黑暗, tiredness 疲劳疲倦, kindness好意, bitterness 苦味，苦难;

（词尾为y的先改y为i）lonely 孤独寂寞的——loneliness 孤独寂寞, happiness 快乐, silly 愚蠢的——silliness 愚蠢

-ship

-hood

friendship, leadership, relationship, companionship, hardship neighborhood邻居, brotherhood兄弟关系

childhood童年, girlhood少女时代, boyhood少年时代 motherhood母亲的身分, fatherhood父亲的身分 falsehood谎言, likelihood可能性

-ics -age -ism

-(i)ty -ure

-dom

politics, mathematics, physics

percentage百分比, postage邮资, marriage结婚, package包裹, shortage短缺

materialism唯物主义, optimism乐观主义, communism共产主义 loyalty忠实, plenty大量, certainty肯定, possibility, ability, responsibility





departure出发, mixture混合物, picture, adventure freedom,

kingdom, wisdom


-al -th -cy -ee -er -or -ar -ant -ess -ian -ist





refusal, survival, approval, arrival, criminal, rival width宽度, warmth温暖, health, bath, breath, death accuracy, privacy

employee, interviewee, trainee worker, stranger, foreigner

actor, sailor, visitor, translator scholar, liar, beggar

assistant, servant, accoutant waitress, hostess, princess

musician, technician, historian, comedian scientist, artist, journalist, biologist

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