八下M1-M5语法归纳

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八下,归纳,语法
八(下)M1-M5语法归纳 三川教育

一、 英语简单句基本句型

1、主语+谓语(+状语)即S+V The children are playing happily. 2、主语+谓语+宾语 S+V+O I want a ruler.

3、主语+系动词+表语 S+V+P He is a singer. They felt very happy . 4、主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 S+V+O+OC I saw her in the room.

5、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 S+V+IO+DO He give me his pen. 6here be +主语(+状语) There is a picture on the wall. 二、有些动词后面常跟动词不定式作宾语,巧记这些动词:

“要想 拒绝 忘记(want , refuse ,forget ,), 需要 努力 学习need , try, learn,

喜欢 同意 帮助(like , agree, help, 希望 决定 开始(hope /wish, decide ,begin/start 三、有些动词后面只能跟动名词作宾语,巧记这些动词和短语 “完成 练习 值得 忙(finish , practice , be worth , be busy 继续 习惯 ()放弃(keep on , be used to , give up,

考虑 建议 不禁 想(consider , suggest , cant help , feel like, 喜欢 思念 ()介意(enjoy , miss , mind

四、有些动词后面既可以跟动词不定式也可以跟动名词作宾语,但意义不一样,常见的有stop , forget , remember, try

1stop doing sth. 停止做某事(指停下正在做的事)

stop to do sth. 停止做某事(指停下正在做的事去做另外一件事)

The students stop__________ (talk) when the teacher came into the classroom. 当老师走进教室时,学生们停止了谈话。

The students stop___________(read) the books when the teacher came into the classroom. 当老师走进教室时,学生们停下来去读书。

2forget to do sth. 忘记要()做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记(曾经)做过某事

I _________________( tell) her about it .我忘记告诉她这件事了。

I __________________(tell) her about it .我忘记曾经告诉过她这件事了。 3 remember to do sth. 记得要()做某事 remember doing sth. 记得(曾经)做过某事

I remember ____________(read) the book once at college.我记得上大学时曾经看过这本书。 Remember________________ (turn off) the lights before you leave. 你离开前记住关灯。 4 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事

Why not try __________(do) the experiment in another way ?为什么不试着用另一种方法做这个实验呢?The boy tried _________ (draw) a horse. 这个男孩尽力画了一匹马。

五、宾语从句: 是指在复合句中作及物动词、介词的宾语的句子 分类:宾语从句根据其表达意义的肯定与疑问的差别可以分为三类: 1、由that引导的宾语从句

当谓语动词表示肯定的概念,是“希望”“相信”“知道”“说”时,其后面的句子一般用that引导。that没有任何词汇意义,只具有语法功能,使读者清楚后面的句子是前面动词的宾语。多数情况下that可以省略。

如:I hope (that) it will snow this winter. 我希望这个冬天能下雨。 I know (that) Mr. Wang comes from Yantai.我知道王先生来自烟台。 2、由if whether引导的宾语从句


if whether 本身的意义是“是否”因此,当我们要表达一个不确定的概念,比如“记不清”“不知道”“问”“想知道”时,就要用if whether表示,二者经常可以互换。如:He asked me if/whether I could help him.他问我是否能帮助他。 3、由疑问词引导的宾语从句 由连接代词(what, which, who , whom, whose)引导的宾语从句 如:I cant understand what you said.我不明白你所说的

②由连接副词(how , where, when, why)引导的宾语从句。

如: He asks how we can protect environment.他问我们怎样能保护环境 4、语序:所有的宾语从句都必须用陈述语序 5、时态:宾语从句的时态语主句有密切关系

①主句用现在时,宾语从句可根据需要运用任何时态。

如:He says he will get to Beijing tomorrow.他说明天将会达到北京。 ②主句用过去时时,宾语从句必须用过去的某种时态,

如:Li lei said he had been to the Great Wall three times .李雷说他去过长城三次了 I didnt know he would come here the next week. 我不知道他下周要到这儿来。

6当宾语从句陈述客观真理、客观事实、科学原理、格言、谚语等时,不受主句时态的限制,通常用一般现在时Our teacher told us yesterday the earth turns around the sun.我们老师昨天告诉我们说地球绕着太阳转。

六、 if 引导的条件状语从句:if 引导的条件状语从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后,当从句在前时,主从句之间通常用逗号隔开。

1、当主句是一般将来时,条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时

如:If it doesnt rain, we are going to have a picnic tomorrow.如果不下雨的话,我们明天就进行野炊。 2、当主句有情态动词时,条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时 如:If you work hard, you will pass the exam. 如果你好好学习,你将会通过考试 If you are tired ,you can have a rest.

3当主句为祈使句时,此时祈使句表示将来要进行的动作,if 引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时。如:Dont go to the beach if it rains tomorrow. 假如明天下雨,就不要去海滩了。

4if引导的条件状语从句与宾语从句的区别。 ①在宾语从句中if的意思是“是否”若表示将来时,就用将来时。如:He wants to know if he will pass the exam. 宾语从句一般放在主句之后。 在条件状语从句中,if的意思是“如果,假如”,从句应该用一般现在时表示将来,而且从句的位置可以在主句之前,也可以在主句之后。如:If you keep on working hard at English, you will learn it well.如果你继续努力学习英语,你就能够学好它。 七、将下列句子合并成宾语从句

1We knew. The moon goes around the Earth.________________________________________________ 2Has Mrs. Brown seen the film? Could you tell me ?___________________________________________ 3When will Mr. Hu teach them physics ? The students forgot._____________________________________ 4Where is the boy from ? She doesnt know .__________________________________________________ 5Peter asked. Will there be an English party this Saturday ?________________________________________

八、用to+v.v-ing完成句子

1Tell the boys ____________(not play)in the street.

2My sister has finished ___________(do)her homework . 3You need ______________(speak)English to work on radio.

4My father agreed______________(buy) a new bike for me yesterday. 5You should keep practising _____________(speak) English.


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