动词的-ing形式

2023-01-11 14:07:16   文档大全网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ]

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动词,形式,ing
动词的-ing形式

-ing形式有两个名称,动名词和现在分词。但都可以有自己的宾语 1.-ing形式作主语(此时是动名词) 1).放在句首,谓语动词用三单;

Talking is easier than doing。说比做容易。

2)it作形式主语,-ing形式放在句末(避免头重脚轻)。常用的结构有:

It is + no good/use/harm; fun/great help/use; worth; a pleasure; a waste of time+doing It is no use crying over split milk.覆水难收

It is no good leaving today's work for tomorrow. It is a waste of time discussing such matters with him. 3). -ing形式(动名词)与不定式作主语之区别:

-ing作主语通常表示一种抽象的动作,即泛指某种行为或动作;不定式作主语通常表示具体动作。

Eating too much is bad for your health.

To be invited to the party is an honor for me.

2.-ing形式作宾语(此时-ing是动名词) 1)有些动词后只接-ing形式作宾语; 如:finish, practice, enjoy, keep, advise,miss,avoid, mind, stand忍受, allow 允许,consider,dislike, imagine

You shouldnt keep thinking about it. 你不应老想着这事。 Would you mind going with her? 你可否同她一起去?

2)有些动词短语后面只接-ing形式作宾语(此时-ing是动名词)

give up; feel like; keep on; be worth; look forward to; be/get used to; dream of/about; be good at; spend...in ; cant stand 忍不住; succeed in,cant help等。 Do you feel like going out for dinner with me tonight? I am used to going to bed late and getting up late.

We are looking forward to coming to China.我们期待着来中国。

We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.我们终于克服了所有的困难。 ◆记住如下惯用法:

1.have fun (+in)+ doing sth

2.have difficulty/problems/trouble/a hard time (in) doing sth., 3.be busy doing sth 4.be worth doing

5.what/how about doing sth. 6.be used to doing sth. 7.spend (in) doing sth.

8.will/would you mind my/me doing sth. 9.prefer doing sth to doing sth.

The children are busy doing their homework.。孩子们忙于做作业。 3.-ingwant, need, be worth等动词后作宾语时,表示被动意义。 My shoes need mending. = My shoes need to be mended. Your hair wants cutting. = Your hair wants to be cut.




4.-ing形式的复合结构:

Do you mind my/me coming late for the meeting? (T) Do you mindJims/Jim coming late for the meeting ? (T)

Marys being late for class made her teacher angry.T Mary being late for class made her teacher angry. (F) 5.-ing形式作宾补(此时-ing是现在分词) 1) 感官动词如:一感feel二听listen to, hear; 五看look at, see, watch, notice, observe; 还有smell, find

用在以上动词宾语的后面,表示宾语正在进行的动作。

I was about to go to bed when I heard someone knocking at the door. I felt someone pitting me on the shoulder.

-ing和不定式作宾补的区别:-ing表示动作正在进行,不定式表示(或强调)动作的全过程或已结束。

We heard the telephone ring. We heard the telephone ringing.

2)使役动词,如keep, leave,

后接-ing形式作宾补,表示宾语正在做或一直做某事。 The manager kept me waiting the whole morning.

Dont leave the water running while you brush your teeth. 6.-ing形式作表语

1)用来说明主语的内容。此时(-ing是动名词) His job is teaching physics in a local school. = Teaching physics in a local school is his job.

2)表示主语所具有的性质、特征等。此时(-ing是现在分词) The film we saw last night is quite moving. The music they are playing sounds so exciting. What she said was surprising.

常作表语的现在分词有:surprising; interesting; moving; disappointing; boring; tiring; exciting; 7.作定语/作状语略


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