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Title: 英汉译文比较
一 谈读书 OF STUDIES By Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根著
1) Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.
王 楫译文：读书可以怡情养性，可以摭拾文采，可以增长才干。 王佐良译文：读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
2) Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement and disposition of business.
王 楫译文；在幽居独处时，最能体现其怡情养性的作用；在友朋交谈中，最能体现其摭拾文采的作用；在处世论事之际，最大能体现其增长才干的作用。 王佐良译文：其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
3) For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned.
王 楫译文：阅历丰富的人虽能逐一判断或处理具体问题，但出谋画策，统筹全局，惟有博学之士最能胜任。
王若良译文：练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
4）To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affection; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar.
王 楫译文：读书费时过多则懒散；过于追求文采显得矫揉造作；全凭书中条条框框论事，未免书生气过重。
王佐良译文：读书费时之多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 5）They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in experience.
王 楫译文：须知读书固可补天然之不足，而经验又补读书之不足。因为天生才干犹如天然花木，须靠读书修枝剪叶。而书本知识如不以经验相制约，其教导也难免过于笼统。
王佐良译文：读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
6) Crafty men contempt studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. 王 楫译文：有实际才干的人鄙薄书本；头脑简单的人羡慕书本；只有聪明人才会运用书本。 因为书籍本身并不教人如何运用，运用之道，乃在书外，且高于书本，惟有通过观察才能学到手。
王佐良译文：有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。
7）Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.
王 楫译文：读书时不可存心与作者辩难，不可以轻信盲从，也不可寻章摘句，作为谈助，而须权衡与琢磨。
王佐良译文：读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
8）Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.
王 楫译文：有的书浅尝即可，有的书可以狼吞虎咽，少数书籍则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有些书只须阅读一部分，另一些读时可不求甚解，但少数则须通读，且须勤勉而专心。 王佐良译文：书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化，换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。
9）Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.
王 楫译文：有些书也可以请人代读，然后读其所作摘要；但只限于题材比较次要以及比较寻常的书，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，成为淡而无味的东西。
王佐良译文：书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味矣。
10）Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 王 楫译文：读书使人充实，讨论使人机敏，作笔记使人精确。 王佐良译文：读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
11) And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not.
王 楫译文：不常作笔记的人须有很强的记忆力，不常讨论的人须有急智，不常读书的人则须十分乖巧，方能不知而佯作知之。
王佐良译文：因此不常作笔记者须记忆力特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。
12) Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoricable to content. Abeunt studia in mores.
王 楫译文：读历史使人明智，读诗使人机灵，数学使人周密，自然科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑与修辞使人能言善辩。专心治学者，性格也受陶冶。
王佐良译文：读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。
13) Nay there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises.
王 楫译文：心智方面的种种障碍，无不可读适当的书加以排除，正如身体百病，皆可以适当的运动治疗。
王佐良译文：人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。
14) Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like.
王 楫译文：滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。 王佐良译文：滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。
15) So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again.
王 楫译文：如若思想不能集中，可让他学数学；因为在演算时思想稍有旁鹜，就须重新做起。
王佐良译文：如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演。
16) If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores.
王 楫译文：如若不善于析难辨异，可让他学经院哲学，因为那些哲学家无不讲究细节。 王佐良译文：如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人。
17) If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases.
王 楫译文：如若他粗枝大叶，不善于以一事论证和阐述另一事，可让他读律师的案卷。 王佐良译文：如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。 18) So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.
王 楫译文：由此可见心智方面的任何缺陷都有良方可治。 王佐良译文：如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。
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2022-09-10
