高中语法——虚拟语气教学设计

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高中语法——虚拟语气教学设计

教学策略方法及学法

1）以学生自主学习为中心，结合我校的“目标体验教学模式”，运用归纳教学法，通过开展多个自主学习、合作学习与探究学习的小组学习活动，在活动中渗透分层教学，关注每一个学生的情感等开展教学活动

2）声情并茂，创造情景，启发诱导 。 具体步骤：

1、 示范游戏第一轮。值日报告、现场评论完毕，我面带笑容说，Let’s play a game !让学生自动上来。居然一来就5位。站成一排。

指令1：We’ll speak English here.It doesn’t matter if you speak slowly.But you have to speak clearly and loudly.

指令2（向全体）：Listen carefully. If you were him or her,what would you say?Give help if necessary.

就绪，我进入状态，做异想天开状,say:I want to have a car，示意挨我而立的S1接下去说,悄悄提示：What would happen if I had a car? S1:If you had a car,you would have a car accident.

S2:If you had a car accident,you would have to be sent to hospital. S3:If you were sent to hospital,we would go to see you.



S5:If we took along some fruit,you would be happy. I:If I we were happy,I would recover soon. 掌声……

2．示范游戏第二轮。第二批，上来6位。我告之，现在的句子要跟刚才的有所不同。我做严肃状。A fire broke out in my village last night. 示意挨我而立的S1接下去说,悄悄提示:What would have happened if the fire had n’t broken out ?

S1:If the fire hadn’t broken out, I wouldn’t have called 119. S2:If you hadn’t called 119,the firemen wouldn’t have come.

S3:If the firemen hadn’t come,the fire wouldn’t have been put out. S4:If the fire hadn’t been put out ,the firemen wouldn’t have left. S5;If the firemen had left,the fire would have broken out again . S6:If the fire had happened again,the firemen would have come again. I:I wish it were all not true! 哄堂大笑。掌声……

3．板书：If sb. did sth,,sth. would happen.(for the present) If sb. had done sth.,sth would have happened.(for the past) 4.小组活动。自由组合，play the game.指令：Make sure you play two different ones,using these on Bb.各个兴致盎然地说着。我环绕四周，聆听他们的语言。二十分钟后Game over.问全体：Were you speaking English?Were you using subjunctive mood?大声齐答：Yes! 5．归纳总结，布置作业：write two short passages,using the given situations: If I were not a student…


If I hadn’t attended the lecture last Wednesday…

说明一：游戏示范时上台的学生接龙句子遇到困难，向同学求助，在得来的句子上进一步接龙，不对不罢休。习得语言并运用语言，尝到成功的快乐。

说明二：全体学生动起来，不仅开口说 ，而且用body language.每位同学用双手两个大拇指，遇到从句和主句谓语结构都说对的,Two thumbs up! 说一半对的One thumb up ,one down. 互相激励，互相学习，直到说出的句子准确。

说明三：本节课教学任务按时完成，语法重点突出。写能及时跟上。轻松愉快，水到渠成。

虚拟语气语法详细讲解：

1）虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。

2）条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

1 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况有可能发生。各种结构参见下表： 句型 条件从句 主句

一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形 祈使句

情态动词一般现在时

例如：If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他来，会带小提琴来的。 典型例题:

The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意：

1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. （错） If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. （对） If you leave now, you will never regret it.

2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall （will） +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

2 非真实条件句

1）虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移。

a. 与现在事实相反的假设 条件从句 主句

一般过去时（be用were） should（would）等 +动词原形

例如：If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。

含义：They are not here, they can’t help you. b. 与过去事实相反的假设 条件从句 主句


过去完成时 should（would）等+ have+ 过去分词

例如：If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。

含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. c. 表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想 条件从句 主句

一般过去时 should/would等 + 动词原形 were+ 不定式 should+ 动词原形

例如：If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。

If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

含义：You are not likely to succeed, everything will be what it is now.

3 混合条件句 有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。例如：

If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。

（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）

If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。



4 虚拟条件句的倒装

虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should, 或had时, 可省略if，再把were, should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。例如：

Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。

Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come earlier, you would have met him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。

Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。

注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。例如：

If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。 典型例题

_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I

答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件

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