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Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?
【语法】
there be句型表示“某地或某时有某物或某人”。句中的be动词和后面所跟的名词在数上必须保持一致。
1、There be句型的基本结构
肯定句:there be+主语+地点状语/时间状语
例:There are six pencils in the pencil box.在文具盒里有六支铅笔 否定句:there be not+主语+地点状语/时间状语 例:There are not six pencils in the pencil box. 疑问句:
(1)一般疑问句:Be there +主语+地点状语/时间状语? 回答:Yes,there be./No,there be not. (2)常用how many对数量进行提问。
例:There are six pencils in the pencil box.
How many pencils are there in the pencil box? (3)对There be结构中的主语提问时,常省略there。 例:There is a desk in the teacher’s room.
What’s in the teacher’s room?老师的房间里有什么?
2、There be结构的就近原则:当两个或多个并列主语时,be动词的形式与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致,及就近原则。
例:There is a pen and two rulers in the box.=There are two rulers and a pen in the box. 3、have表示主语拥有某人或某物,指从属关系。 例:She has three cars. 英语中有关问路的表达 问路一般要先说Excuse me
1、英语中问路主要有下面一些句型 (1)where is ......? ......在哪儿?
(2)How can I get to.....?我怎样才能到达........?
(3)Can/Could you tell me the way to/how to get to.......?你能告诉我怎样去........吗? (4)Which is the way to.....?哪一条是去.........的路? (5)Is there ......near here?这附近有......吗? 2、表示指点方向的基本句型
(1)Go/Walk along/up/down the road.沿着这条路走
(2)Turn left/light at the +序数词+ turning/crossing.=take the +序数词+crossing on the left/right.“在第几个十字路/拐弯处口向左、右转”
(3)It’s about fifteen minutes’ walk from here.
(4)Take the No.3 bus on the left and get off......“在左边乘三路车,然后在.......下车” 【知识点】 Section A
1、Is there a hospital near here?这附近有医院吗? It’s on Bridge Street.
(1)in the street(英国)/on the street 后接门牌号用at,at NO. 88 2、The pay phone is across from the library.付费电话在图书馆的对面。 (1)同义句:There is a pay phone across from the library.
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(2)pay phone“付费电话” pay动词,“花费,支付,付款”其主语为人,常用于“sb. pay(s)+some money+for+sth.”,意为“为某物支付钱” 不可数名词,“工资,薪金” spend的主语必须是人,常用于:
sb. spend(s) time/money on sth.“在........上花费时间/金钱” sb. spend(s)time/money (in) doing sth.“花费时间/金钱做某事” take常见用法:It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. cost的主语是物,表示“价钱为”,常见用法:sth. costs(sb.)+money“某物花了某人多少钱”
(3)across from“在......对面”,后接地点名词或代词=on the other side of/opposite
e.g.The bookstore is across from the bank.=The book is on the other side of/opposite the bank.
3、next to“紧挨着;贴近”
4、in front of“在......(外部的)前面”,反义词为behind“在.....的后面” e.g.Tom is in front of me.
in the front of“在.......(内部的)前面”强调一个物体在另一个物体内部的前面 e.g.Mary is sitting in the front of the car.玛丽坐在小汽车的前部。
5、How can I help you?=Can I help you?=May I help you?=What can I do for you?需要我帮忙啊?
6、I’m new in town.我初来城里
town此处作不可数名词,表示城市里的“闹市区,城里”;in town前不用定冠词,特指某座城市时前用定冠词。
7、Is there a bank around here?这周围有银行吗 (1)around既可作介词,也可做副词。
做介词,表示“在......附近,在......周围” 做副词,“到处,周围”
用在数字之前表示“大约”,与about同义。 8、far from“离......远”=far away from(通常不与具体数字连用,若出现具体数字,常用away from)其反义词组为be close to“离.......很近”。 Section B
1、Just go along Bridge Street and turn left when you see the library. 就沿着桥街走,当你看到图书馆时,向左转。
(1)just此处做副词,用在祈使句中,意为“就......,尽管........好了” (2)along此处做介词,“沿着”,相当于down,常用于go/walk等之后。 (3)turn left/right向左转、右转
2、Turn right at the first crossing and the restaurant is on your left....... (1)crossing名词,“十字路口”
Turn right/left at the+序数词+crossing.=take the +序数词+crossing on the left/right “在第几个十字路口向右/左转” (2)on one’s left/right在某人的左边/右边 3、There is a zoo in my neighborhood. in the neighborhood在附近=near here
in the neighborhood of.......“在.......的附近”
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4、I love to watch the monkeys climbing around. (1)watch sb. doing.....“观看某人正在做某事”(强调所做的事正在进行) watch sb.do....“观看某人做”(强调所做的事经常发生或已完成) see/find/hear sb. do sth.看见/发现/听说某人做过某事 see/find/hear sb.doing sth.看见/发现/听说某人做过某事 (2)climb动词,“爬”climber“登山运动员”
5、To get there,I usually walk out and turn right on Bridge Road. (1)to get there为动词不定式短语,在句中作目的状语,“为了.......”,放在句首起强调作用, 也可放在句末。
6、It is quiet ad I enjoy reading there. (1)quiet形容词,“安静的,平静的” keep quiet保持安静 (2)enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事,享受做某事
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