Unit 5 Music(知识点梳理)- 2019-2020学年高一英语新教材知识讲学(人教版必修第二册)

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讲学,知识点,英语,学年,人教
人教版新教材高一英语必修二知识点梳理

Unit 5 Music

1. perform vi. & vt．表演；做；履行；执行

(1) perform a task / one’s duty / one’s promise / an operation / an experiment执行任务/ 履行义务/履行诺言/做手术/做实验

perform well / badly 表现得好/差 (2)performance n．表现；演出；表演 performer n．表演者；演出者

give a performance = put on a performance 演出

e.g. ① They were performing an experiment in the laboratory.他们正在实验室做实验。 ② The new machine is performing well.这台新机器运转良好。 ③ The performer is giving a performance.表演者正在演出。

④ You should always perform your promise/what you promise.你应永远履行你的诺言。

⑤ The performer is going to put on a performance at the stadium. 那位表演者将在体育馆进行演出。 2. prove vt．证明是；被发现是 linkv.证明是 (1) prove sth.to sb.向某人证明某事

prove sb./sth．(to be)＋adj./n.证明某人/物是…… It’s proved that...据证明……；据证实……

(2) prove (= turn out) (to be)＋n./adj.证明是……；结果是…… (3) proof n. 证明；证据

e.g.① Just give me a chance and I’ll prove the theory to you. 只要给我个机会，我会证明这个理论给你看。

② The boy tried to prove himself (to be) a good student. 这个男孩尽力证明自己是一个好学生。 ③ It is proved that TV programs of violence have a bad influence on children. 事实证明，暴力电视节目对儿童的成长有不良影响。

④ The book has proved (to be) very popular, giving students a sense of motivation and achievement. 这本书被证明很受欢迎，给学生们一种激励感和成就感。

⑤They put Tom in prison, but, in the end, he was proved(to be) innocent for lack of proof．他们把汤姆投入监狱，但是，最终由于缺少证据证明他是无辜的。

温馨提示：prove表示“证明是，结果是”时是系动词，无被动语态，用主动形式表示被动意义。 3. cure vt. 治愈；治好（疾病）；解决（问题）

cure sb. (of sth.) 治愈某人(的某种疾病)；纠正/消除(弊病等) a cure for ... ……的一种治疗法

辨析：cure / treat

cure 作为动词，多用于疾病方面，强调结果，意为“治好”，是及物动词，其主语可以是医生，也可以是某种药。表示“治好某人的某种疾病”，要用cure sb. of sth.来表示。

treat “治疗”为普通用语，意义广泛，强调治疗的动作，用于treat sb. for sth.结构中。

e.g. ① The doctor has cured many people of such a disease.那位医生使许多患这种病的人恢复了健康。 ② Is there a certain cure for cancer？有没有一种专门的抗癌药？

③ Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely to have been formed at a very young age. 许多坏习惯特别难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。 ④ A famous doctor is treating her for her illness.一位著名的医生正在为她治病。

⑤ The doctor treated his headache with a new drug but didn’t cure him. 那位医生用新药治疗他的头痛，但是没有治愈。

4. aim n．目标；目的 vi．瞄准；对准 vt. 旨在；目的是 (1) aim to do sth.旨在做某事

aim at doing sth.= be aimed at 目的是；旨在 aim sth.at... 把……瞄准……

(2) with the aim of 以……为目标；意在…… achieve / realize one’s aim 实现某人的目标

e.g. ① He studied hard, aiming to pass the 2020 college entrance exam. 为了通过2020年高考，他努力学习。

② He trained harder with the aim of entering the national team. = He trained harder, aiming / aimed at entering the national team. = He trained harder, aiming to enter the national team.为了进入国家队，他更加努力训练。

③ He aimed his gun at the target, fired but missed it.他用枪瞄准目标开火，却未打中。 ④ Teamwork is needed in order to achieve / realize these aims. 要实现这些目标需要齐心协力。 5. talent n．天才；天分；天赋 (1) have a talent/gift for...有……的天分 show a talent for... 表现出……的天赋 (2) talented adj.有才能的；有天分的 be talented in 在……方面有天赋

e.g. ① He has a lot of talent, and his work is fresh and interesting.他很有天赋，作品新颖有趣。 ② There is a wealth of young talent in British theatre.英国戏剧界年轻一代人才济济。

③ My brother showed a talent for music when he was very young. 我的弟弟在小的时候就表现出音乐天赋。

④ My brother is talented in painting. = My brother has a talent for painting.我的弟弟在画画方面有天赋。 6. assume vt．认为，假定；假设；承担 (责任) (1) assume (that) ... 假定，认为……

assume...to be...认为……是……；假定……是…… assuming (that) 假定…… (作状语) (2) assumption n.假定；假设

e.g. ① In art criticism, you must assume (that) the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.在艺术评论中，你必须设想艺术家在艺术作品里隐藏着秘密信息。

② I made a mistake so I will assume responsibility for it.我犯了错，因此我会为此承担责任。 ③ We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.尚未证实他有罪，我们就必须假定他是清白的。

④ Assuming (that) there wasn’t the hard work of the dustman, what can you imagine our environment will be like? 假定没有清洁工人辛勤的劳动，你能设想出我们的环境会是什么样的吗？

⑤ The theory is based on a series of wrong assumption, so it can’t be put into practice. 这个理论是建立在一系列错误的假设之上的，所以它不可能被实施。

7. in addition = as well = besides, “另外”，相当于副词，常放在句首，也可放在句中、句尾。 in addition to = as well as = besides,“除……之外（还）”，相当于介词。

e.g. ① In addition, you'd better stay longer with your kids.除此之外，你最好跟你的孩子们多待一会儿。 ② In addition to English, he speaks French and German.除讲英语外，他还会讲法语和德语。 ③ There is, in addition, one further point to make.此外，还有一点要说。 8.reaction n. 反应；回应(常与介词to连用) react vi. (化学)反应；起作用 react to对……作出反应；回应 react with 与……产生化学反应 react on / upon 对……产生影响

e.g. ① —What’s the manager’s reaction to your suggestion?经理对你的建议有何回应？ —I don’t know. He remains silent. 不知道，他保持沉默。

② You never know how he is going to react to the bad news.你永远不会知道他对那个坏消息会作出怎样的反应。

③ Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈。 ④ Applause can react greatly on / upon a speaker.听众的掌声对演讲人会有很大的影响。