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“吃货”N种英语表达
人们在观看电视纪录片《舌尖上的中国》时,自然会想到“吃货”这个词。“吃货”指“喜欢吃各类美食的人”。英语可以译为 foodie或 foody,人们用不同表述来定义 foodie,例如:
1. A foodie/foody refers to someone who has an ardent and enthusiastic interest in the preparation and consumption of good food.“吃货”指对烹调和品尝美食有浓烈兴趣的人。
2. A foodie/foody is a person who has a refined interest in good food and drink. A foodie seeks new food experiences as a hobby.“吃货”是对美食和美酒有雅趣的人。“吃货”把寻求新的美食经历作为嗜好。
3. Numerous restaurants in this area offer foodies a choice of Chinese food, Indian food and Korean food.这个区域的众多餐馆为吃货们提供了中国菜、印度菜和韩国料理等多种选择。
“吃货”是个通俗词,汉语另有高雅的同义词,例如“美食爱好者”“美食客”“美食家”“美食达人”等。英语的 foodie或 foody也是通俗词,另有不少高雅的同义词,像 gourmet, gastronome, gastronomist, bon vivant, connoisseur, epicure, epicurean等,例如:
4. A gourmet is someone who not only enjoys good food, but also knows a lot about food and wine.美食家是不仅享受美食,而且非常精通美食美酒的人。
5. The fish dish my mother cooks is so delicacies that beguiles even the mostdiscerning gourmet.我妈妈烧的鱼非常美味,甚至最识货的美食家都会着迷。
gourmet还可以用作定语,修饰 food,wine,cuisine,cooking,dinner等与饮食有关的名词,例如:
6. John is a committed party-goer, and loves gourmet food and wine.约翰热衷于参加派对,酷爱美食美酒。
7. This restaurant serves authentic gourmet Sichuan-style cuisine for lunch and dinner.这家餐馆的午餐与晚餐提供正宗美味川菜。
gastronome和 gastronomist都是“美食家”,但有细微区别,前者注重烹调术,而后者更关心饮食文化,例如:
8. A gastronome looks at how fresh the food is, how it is prepared, which flavours are used, and how it is presented.美食家注重食物新鲜程度,如何烹制,使用什么调味品,以及如何呈现。
9. A gastronome is well versed in gastronomy, while a gastronomist unites theory and practice in the study of gastronomy. gastronome精通烹调术,而 gastronomist在研究烹调术时将理论与实践结合。
bon vivant源自法语,直译为 good liver,即“快乐生活的人”,相当于“锦衣玉食者”。法国人也是以食为天,讲究饮食,故 bon vivant具有“美食家”的内涵,例如:
10. A bon vivant is a person with cultivated, refined, and sociable tastes, especially with respect to food and drink.美食家是有教养、雅致而爱交际的人,尤其在美食美酒方面很有品位。
connoisseur也源自法语,是鉴赏艺术的行家。法国人将享受美食美酒作为饮食文化。如果 connoisseur解释为“美食家”,则强调鉴赏美食美酒的能力,例如:
11. A connoisseur is an expert in a particular subject, knowing a lot about art, or food and wine.鉴赏家是某一特定领域的专家,熟知艺术或美食美酒。
epicure尤指喜欢吃稀奇食物的美食家,例如:
12. An epicure cultivates a refined taste, especially in food and wine.美食家养成了雅致的品位,尤其在美食美酒方面。
epicurean尤指追求奢侈和舒适的美食家,例如:
13. An epicurean is devoted to the pursuit of sensual pleasure, especially to the enjoyment of good food and comfort.美食家一门心思追求感官愉悦,特别是享受美食和舒适生活。
上述表示“美食家”意思的英语词汇,着重点不同。 gourmet强调喜爱美食; gastronome强调美食烹饪过程; gastronomist强调美食烹饪知识; bon vivant强调享受生活,享受美食; connoisseur强调美食鉴赏; epicure强调享受稀奇美食; epicurean强调享受奢侈美食。
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