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2021年甘肃省第二次高考诊断考试
英语试卷
本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 考生注意：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Sharks are amazing creatures. They are known as the deadliest hunters in the sea. Fortunately most are not, but there are some kinds of sharks that can be extremely dangerous. Look at these short descriptions of four kinds of sharks The Great White Shark
Great Whites are one of the most frightening creatures in the sea. They live in tropical and subtropical waters, and they can grow up to 9 meters long. Most Great Whites are actually grey, blue or brown with a white belly, and their powerful teeth are triangles with edges like saws. The Whale Shark
Whale Sharks are the largest kind of shark in the world - up to 11 meters in length. They live in tropical waters all around the world, but they are not dangerous. Whale Sharks are brown or grey with white or yellow stripes. They often travel near the surface of the sea. The Mako Shark
Mako Sharks are fierce predators. They come from the same family of sharks as the Great White and they are especially fast - they can swim at speeds of up to 65 kilometers per hour. They are large bluish sharks found in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. Mako Sharks can grow up to 3 meters long. The Great Hammerhead Shark
The Great Hammerheads' most striking feature is its wide thick head which looks like a hammer. The average size of a Great Hammerhead is approximately 3. 5 meters, but can grow up to 6 meters long. These sharks average over 500 pounds but can weigh as much as 1 ,000 pounds. Like most sharks the females are larger than the males. They have several rows of teeth that have 24 to 37 teeth per row. The Great Hammerhead has a very keen sense of smell, which helps find its prey. 1. What can we learn from the text?
A. Sharks usually live in icy waters. B. Mako Sharks are fast but not dangerous.
C. Great Whites have at least 24 to 37 sharp teeth. D. Whale Sharks are bigger than other sharks in the sea. 2. Why is a shark called the Great Hammerhead?
A. The size of its body. C. The shape of its head.
3. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A news report. C. An advertisement.
B. A book review. D. A biology magazine.
B
Chinese volleyball superstar Zhu Ting has inspired a new English word. "Stay awesome and ZHUperb! ” wrote a blogger at a US-based volleyball website. The word combines “Zhu ” and “superb （卓越的）"，to describe the 27-year-old player.
Zhu's excellent scoring performances put her among the Top 10 Global Outstanding Athletes for this year's Heracles Prize of the Big Ben Award. As the captain, Zhu "created the new golden age of women's volleyball in China"， the award said. Zhu is considered a national hero by many in China, with good reason. Before this year's World Cup victory, she helped the national volleyball team win the 2015 FIVB World Cup, the 2015 Asian Women's Volleyball Championship, and the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.
Although she's a superstar now, it hasn't been easy for Zhu to get to where she is. Born to a farming family in Henan province, Zhu earned a chance to attend a local sports school at age 13. She became well known to the public by helping China's U20 team win the 2013 FIVB U20 World Championship. Shortly after, Zhu joined the national team and began playing under legendary coach Lang Ping.
At first, the 1. 98-meter-tall Zhu found it difficult to move quickly and stay balanced. But Lang Ping took advantage of her height and trained her to jump high and smash balls. Her work
paid off. Zhu is now an outstanding player. "Hard work and talent are equally important. Fil move forward step by step," she told People's Daily. 4. Why was “ZHUperb” created? A. To create a new game.
B. To introduce a volleyball website. C. To describe the volleyball superstar. D. To celebrate her winning of World Cup. 5. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. Zhu Ting's training. C. Zhu Ting's achievements. A. In 2000.
B. In 2013.
B. Zhu Ting's personal qualities. D. Zhu Ting's future plan. C. In 2015.
D. In 2016.
B. The waters it livesin. D. The function of itsteeth.
6. When did Zhu Ting become famous to the public?
7. What was the purpose of Lang Ping's plan for training Zhu Ting? A. To build up her confidence. B. To make use of her advantages. C. To train her to be the captain of the team. D. To instruct her to move forward step by step.
C
A new study on the link between chili and dementia （老年痴呆）may bring bad news for spicy food addicts. Researchers have found that eating lots of chili may cause an increased risk of dementia.
The study, led by Zumin Shi, analyzed 4,582 Chinese adults aged 55 and above between 1991 and 2006 and found evidence of faster cognitive decline in those who consistently ate more than 50 grams of chili a day. " Chili consumption was found to be beneficial to body weight and blood pressure in our previous studies. However, in this study, we found negative effects on cognition among older adults," Shi said in a press release published Tuesday.
“Chili is one of the most commonly used spices in the world and particularly popular in Asia compared to European countries," Ming Li from the University of Southern Australia said in the press release. "In certain regions of China, such as Sichuan and Hunan, almost one in three adults consumes spicy food every day. ”
The researchers said people of normal body weight may be more sensitive to chili intake and hence their memory and weight suffer a bigger impact. Worldwide, around 50 million people have dementia, and Alzheimer's disease is the most common form that may contribute to 60 percent to 70 percent of the cases, according to the World Health Organization. At present, no treatment can cure dementia or change its progressive course. 8. According to the text, what aspect is chili consumption harmful to?
A. Body shape. B. Body weight. 9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The planting of chili. C. The bad effects of chili. A. Overweight seniors.
C. Seniors of normal body weight. 11. What do we know about dementia?
A. It is incurable.
C. It determines bloodtypes.
B. It affects people's weight. D. It can be cured by eating chili. D
When whales die and sink to the ocean floor, their bodies - known as whale falls - provide rich nutrients for other creatures of the deep.
Chinese scientists found a whale fall in the South China Sea during a recent scientific research voyage. It was the first time that Chinese researchers had run across this rare type of ecosystem. It was an important finding, showing China's progress in deep-sea exploration technology, Xie said, a professor at Sun Yat-sen University.
During the 22-day deep-sea exploration from March 10 to April 2, 60 scientists conducted 22 dives and
successfully completed a number of scientific tasks. The research aimed to gather information about the key processes of typical seamount ecosystems in the Western Pacific Ocean. The whale fall was found in a seamount 1,600 meters deep in the central South China Sea. Though the whale fall was only about 3 meters long, it was of great importance in understanding the sea ecosystems, Xie said.
There were dozens of white armored shrimp, red shrimp and several eels found near the whale fall. The eels were eating the tail muscles of the whale fall. This shows that the whale died not long ago and that the whale fall was still in the first stage of decomposition and thus had rare value for long-term observation, Xie said.
B. The popularity of chili. D. The custom of eating chili. B. Overweight teenagers.
D. Teenagers of normal body weight. C. Blood pressure. D. Cognitive abilities.
10. Who are most likely to suffer from eating lots of chili?
Like cold springs, whale falls are homes for creatures of the deep. In the northern Pacific Ocean, they have supported the survival of at least 12,490 kinds of organisms - classed in 43 species- and promote prosperity far beneaththe surface, according to data from theuniversity.
12. What do we know about the whalefall in the South China Sea?
A. It is found on March 10. C. It is a kind of cold springs. 13. How is the Paragraph 3 organized?
A. By giving data. C. By giving definitions. A. Change.
B. By giving examples. D. By making a contrast.
D. Tourism.
B. It is a rare sea ecosystem. D. It is found 3 meters deep inthe sea.
14. What does the underlined word "prosperity" in the last paragraph probably mean?
B. Disappearance. C. Richness.
15. What does the text mainly tell about?
A. A deep-sea exploration led by China. B. A whale fall found in the South China Sea. C. China's progress in deep-sea exploration technology. D. The protection of deep-sea biodiversity resources in China. 第二节（共5小题海小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips on Increasing Your Memory Power
One of the most common problems today is forgetfulness. Many people are searching for the key to a better memory. 16
Increase your memory power by using associations.
The first technique to remember the things is the association technique. This includes the use of mnemonics （助记符号）or things similar to a particular word in order to remember what should be memorized. 17 However, the associations that a person creates himself will help to remember things more easily and more quickly.
Increase your memory power by repetition.
18 Stimuli （刺激物）are things that stimulate a person to make his brain work. As a person repeatedly
acquires stimuli to make his brain work, these stimuli are remembered by the brain. It is like learning words as a child. He applies all the repeated words he has heard during his life.
19
The third technique is about the application of body movements. By using simple hand gestures while saying a word, a person can remember things that he has forgotten.
There are lots of other ways to increase memory power. However, one must also be aware of the things to be avoided. The first thing that a person must do is to prevent stress. 20 If you follow these techniques on how to increase your memory power, life will be easier for you.
A. The second technique is repetition. B. In other words, stress must be managed.
C. Increase your memory power by using body movements. D. Here are several techniques to increase a person's memory power. E. A lot of students use these techniques, especially during major exams.
F. There are several mnemonics available to help a person remember things.
G. A person might wonder why he couldn't remember the details the day before the exam. 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 I never see myself as a miracle. I was just an 21 person with realistic goals and big dreams. I was a 19-year-old student at the university of Texas and well on my way to fulfilling my big dream of becoming an surgeon.
On February 17, 1981 , a 22 car accident happened to me and after the four hours of operation, I 23 I still could not talk, my entire right side was paralyzed but 24 I was stable. After two weeks I improved enough to be 25 to a rehabilitation （康复）hospital.
It took me a lot of hard work but I 26 returned to the university of Texas in 1983 - a year and a half after almost 27 The next few years were very 28 for me, but I truly believe that in order to see 29 in life you have to experience something bad. Maybe I have experienced too much, but I believe in living each day to the fullest, and doing the very 30 I can. And each new day was 31 and very full, for 32 attending classes at the university I 33 therapy （理疗）three to five days each week at Brackenridge hospital.
Early, during my therapy, my father 34 repeating to me one of his favorite sayings. I have repeated it almost everyday after being hurt： "Mile by mile it's a（ n） 35 ； yard by yard it's hard； but inch by inch it's a cinch （容易的事）."
I thought of those 36 , and I thought of my family who 37 believed in me as I climbed
the steps to receive my 38 from the dean of Liberal Arts at the university of Texas on the graduation ceremony in June of 1986. Excitement and 39 filled my heart as I heard the dean announce that I graduated with “highest honors", and was chosen as one of the most outstanding 40 in the college of Liberal Arts. 21. A. excellent 22. A. terrible 23. A. agreed 24. A. at least 25. A. transported 26. A. slowly 27. A. missing 28. A. smooth 29. A. beauty 30. A. much 31. A. boring 32. A. besides 33. A. received 34. A. stopped 35. A. challenge 36. A. complaints 37. A. honestly 38. A. money
B. outstanding B. small B. survived B. at first B. transformed B. gradually B. dying B. easy B. fact B. worst B. busy B. but B. conducted B. kept B. effort B. comments B. strongly B. praise
C. outgoing C. expected C. prayed C. in public C. transferred C. finally C. hurting C. rough C. truth C. best C. dull C. except C. practised C. avoided C. test C. lectures C. differently C. advice
D. ordinary D. mild D. breathed D. in time D. transplanted D. quickly D. injuring D. relaxing D. interest D. first D. empty D. except for D. improved D. practised D. trial D. words D. calmly D. diploma
39. A. admiration 40. A. assistants
B. envy B. teachers
C. pride C. scholars
D. sorrow D. graduates
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world's cities are getting more and more crowded. Cities such as Tokyo and Shanghai 41 (consider) “ megacities” (特大城市),because of their big size and huge populations. There are two main reasons why cities are becoming so crowded.
First, the primary cause of cities 42 ( become) so crowded is economic. As a country develops,43 (it) cities become the engines of development. Jobs are available in these areas. For example, Tokyo was the motor for Japan's economic boom in 44 1960s and 70's； as a result, its population increased rapidly. People 45 ( move) to Tokyo because they could find employment there.
Second, another contributing factor is sociocultural. Thousands of people move to the cities not only for jobs but also for 46 ( education) and personal reasons. The better universities in big cities attract thousands of students every year, and most of them choose 47 ( work) in the cities after graduation. Moreover, young people will move to the cities as rural areas are underdeveloped. In their opinion, it is a barrier to their personal freedom.
In 48 (conclude) , economic and cultural 49 (factor) are the major causes of huge urban population. People will always move to the areas 50 provide opportunities and freedom. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 Dear Chris,
I am glad to hear you are interested on Double 11. Now let me to tell you something about them. Double 11 has become a special day in recently years. With four "I"s, it is also called Singles' Day. On that day, single young people held parties to show love or simply have funs. In 2009, Double Eleven Shopping Day was held to promoting online shopping, that has become the biggest online shopping day in China now.
In my view, this day is chance of promoting business. People should make purchases wisely. What do you think of this day? Look forward to your opinion.
Yours, Li Hua
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
你市正在组织首届高中生英语作文比赛。请以你向往的职业为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
，
1.职业简介；
2.向往该职业的原因。 注意：
1.词数10。左右； 2.短文题目已为你写好。
2021年甘肃省第二次高考诊断英语考试参考答案及评分标准
第一部分阅读理解
1. D
2. C
3. D 13. A
4. C 14. C
5. C 15. B
6. B 16, D
7. B 17, F
8. D 18. A
9. B 19. C
10, C 20, B
11. A 12. B
第二部分语言知识运用 21. D 22. A 31. B 32. A 46. educational 第三部分写作 第一节
23. B 33. A
24. A 34. B
25. C
26. C 43. its 48, conclusion
27. B 37. B
28. C 38. D 44. the 49. factors
29. A 39. C
30, C 40, D
35. D 36. D
41. are considered 42. becoming 47, to work
45, moved 50, which/that
Yours, Li Hua
第二节（略）
本文来源：https://www.wddqxz.cn/b4272643986648d7c1c708a1284ac850ac02044f.html
2022-07-13
