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新概念英语课堂笔记 第一册 Lesson 39-40
Word Study
front
【用法】n. 前面
【词组】front door 前门 front garden 前花园
He dropped his voice. 他把声音放低了些。 The temperature dropped to 8℃ below zero. 昨天气温下降到了摄氏零下8度。
show
【用法】v. 给……看 n. 展览; 【词组】show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb.给某人看某物 flower show 花展 art show 艺术展 send
【用法】v. 送给;寄给;派遣 【词组】send sb. sth.= send sth. to sb. 送给某人某物/寄给某人某物
send sb. for/send for 派人去请 【例句】I am going to send a letter to him. 我打算给他寄一封信。
Can you send me a present? 你能送给我一份礼物吗?
Please send for a doctor. 请派人去请个医生来。
careful
【用法】adj. 小心的,仔细的 【词组】be careful 小心,当心
a careful man 一个很认真的人
【扩展】carefully adv. 小心地,仔细地,认真地
drop
【用法】v. 使……掉下;放下 v. 滴下,滴水 v. 下降,降低 【例句】I dropped my watch and it breaks. 我把手表弄掉了,它摔碎了。
She dropped the knife and fork and hurried to answer the phone. 她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。 Could you drop me at the station? 你等在车站把我放下吗。
Tears dropped from her face. 泪珠从她脸上滑落。
Text Explanation
What are you going to do with that vase, Penny?
【译文】你打算如何处理那个花瓶,彭妮?
1 本句是一般将来时态be going to的特殊疑问句形式。 【用法】○
2 do with sb. / sth. 对……人/事进行处理 ○
e.g. What are you going to do with you umbrella? 你打算如和处理你的雨伞。 What are you going to do with yourself this Sunday. 这周日你打算怎么过。
I’m going to put it on this table, Sam.
【译文】我打算把它放在这张桌子上,萨姆。 【用法】put sth. sw. 把……放在……
e.g. Put the book on the teacher’s desk. 把这本书放在老师的办工作上。 Put the ball behind the door. 把球放在门后。
Do not do that. Give it to me.
【译文】不要放在那,把它给我。
1 Do not do that是祈使句的否定形式,即在动词原形前面加do not,缩写形式为don’t。本【用法】○
句可写为:Don’t do that.
2 动词do 代替上一句的动作put it on this table。 ○
3 give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth. 给某人某物。其中的sb.和sth.是双宾语结构,都作动词give ○
的宾语。
I’m going to put it here, in front of the window.
【译文】我准备把它放在这,放在窗前。
1 here(这里)是地点副词,前面不能加任何介词。因此本句不能改为Put it at here. 相似【用法】○
用法的还有there(那里)和home(家)。例如:
go there 去那儿 go home 回家 come here 来这儿
2 介词短语 in front of… 表示“在……(外面的)前面” ○
【辨析】in front of 在……(外面的)前面 in the front of 在……(里面的)前部
【例句】There is a big tree in front of my house. 在我家前面有一个大树。(房子外面) The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom. 老师正站在教室的前部。(教室里面)
【反义】behind 在……(外面的)后面
at the back of 在……(里面的)后部
【例句】That river is behind my house. 那条小河在我家后面。(房子外面) Tom sits at the back of the classroom. 汤姆坐在教室的后部。(教室里面)
There we are.
【译文】放好了。
【用法】这是一个英语特有的情景表达,中文没有确切的相对应的表达方式,或者说要根据具体的情景和上下文来确定它的含义。比如在本文中表示经过一段时间的努力终于把花瓶放好了。
Grammar Analysis
祈使句的否定结构
【介绍】在祈使句的句首加Do not (Don’t) 即为祈使句的否定形式。通常使用缩略式Don’t,而完整形式Do not主要用于正式文告中。一般译为:不要、别。
【用法】Don’t后面加动词原形,一般译为:不要、别。
e.g. Don't wait! 别等了!
Don't speak to me like that! 别那样跟我讲话! Don't talk in class! 不要在上课说话!
双宾语结构
【介绍】英语中,某些动词后面需要跟两个宾语才能表述清楚一件事情,这叫做英语动词的双宾语。 一般来说,双宾语一个是指人,一个是指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 【用法】双宾语一般有两种结构,以动词give为例: give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.
e.g. 你能给我一杯水吗?
Could you give me a glass of water? = Could you give a glass of water to me?
能接双宾语的动词有:tell(告诉),make(制造),send(送),buy(买),show(出示),lend(借出),choose(选择),pay(付款),get(去取),teach(教)等。
e.g. She is telling me a story. = She is telling a story to me. Tom made his mother a cake. = Tom made a cake for his mother. Show me your ticket, please. = Show your ticket to me, please.
I want to buy my mother some flowers. = I want to buy some flower for my mother. Could you lend me some money? = Could you send some money to me?
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