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新人教版高中英语必修二Unit1 词汇表（含教材例句及用法讲解）
本词汇表主要特色：
1.呈现教材原文例句，重视词汇在语境中的运用。
2.词汇用法讲解紧扣新课标和新考纲，深度和广度适中，条理清晰，系统完整。 3.精选高考真题例句、词典例句和时文例句，例句具有典型性和示范性。 4.展示高考真题，揭示高考命题角度和思路。
5.适合高一学生同步使用以及高三学生总复习使用。
Book2 Unit1
1.heritage /'herɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产（指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色）
Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations.文化遗产是过去人们所创造，由现代人类继承并传之后世。（P1）
2.creatively /kri'eɪtɪvli/ adv. 创造性地；有创造力地
Students from different countries are working creatively to protect a temple in China.来自不同国家的学生正创造性地保护中国的一个寺庙。（P2）
3.creative /kri'eɪtɪv/ adj. 创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的
She's very creative─she writes poetry and paints.她极富创造力，既赋诗又作画。 Like so many creative people he was never satisfied. 像许多富于创造力的人一样，他从不满足。 creative thinking创造性思维 【拓展】
（1）create /kriˈeɪt/ vt. 创造；创作；产生
We think that all men are created equal. 我们认为人人生而平等。 Scientists disagree about how the universe was created.
科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。
The main purpose of industry is to create wealth.工业的主要宗旨是创造财富。 The government plans to create more jobs for young people. 政府计划为年轻人创造更多的就业机会。 （2）creature /'kri:tʃə/ n.[C] 生物；动物; 人
strange creatures from outer space 来自外层空间的怪物 She's charming, a sweet creature. 她很迷人，是个可人儿。
4.temple / 'templ/ n. 庙；寺
There used to be an old temple on the top of the hill. 山顶上曾经有一座旧庙。
The Temple of Heaven is a tourist attraction in Beijing. 天坛是北京的一个观光热点.
For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods. 许多年以来，历史学家们认为巨石阵是古代首领用来与神灵沟通的一座神庙。
5.relic /'relik/ n. 遗物；遗迹
Youths from seven countries are working together to protect cultural relics on Mount Tai.来自七
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个国家的年轻人一起工作保护泰山的文物。（P2）
Does a cultural relic always have to be rare and valuable? 文物必须是稀有且珍贵吗？ Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as Yuanmingyuan in Beijing? 像北京的圆明园这样的遗失的文化遗址值得重建吗？
6.mount / maʊnt /
◎ n. 山峰 Mount Tai 泰山
◎vt. 爬上；骑上vi. 爬；登上 She slowly mounted the steps.
她慢慢地爬上台阶。
He mounted his horse and rode away. 他骑上马走了。
【拓展】
（1）mountain /'maʊntən/ n.高山
I took a wrong turn and we got lost in the mountains. 我拐错了弯，我们便在山里迷了路。 Finally a god was so moved that he sent two gods to take the mountain away.
最后，一位神仙如此感动，他派了两位神仙把山挪走了。 （2）mountainous / ˈmaʊntənəs / adj.多山的；山一般的
Having settled in the beautiful mountainous village, he settled down to his research．在美 丽的山村安顿下来后，他专心进行他的研究。
This part of the country is very mountainous. 这个国家的这一地区山多. The plan is designed to reduce some of the company's mountainous debt. 该计划旨在减少公司堆积如山的债务。
7.former /'fɔ:mə/ adj. 以前的；（两者中）前者的
By studying old photos of the former palace, they have made the new one look exactly like the old one. 通过研究以前的宫殿的旧照片，他们是新的看上去和旧的一样。（P2） the former world champion 前世界冠军
my former boss/colleague/wife 过去的老板 / 同事/前妻
the former…（两者中）前者（常用于结构：the former… the latter… 前者……，后者……） Of the two opinions, the latter is better than the former. 这两种意见中后者比前者好。
Lucy and LiIy are twins. The former is a model; the latter is a teacher. 露西和莉莉是双胞胎。前者是一名模特，后者是一名老师。
8.clue /klu:/ n. 线索；提示
Practise using context clues to guess the meaning of new words. 练习用上下文线索猜测词义。（P2）
This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. 这提供了一条说明疾病起因的很有价值的线索。
9.preserve / prɪˈzɜ:v /
◎vt. 保存；保护；维持
The purpose of the camp is to preserve Mount Tai by introducing it to young people in a fun and easy way. 这个青年营的目的是保护泰山，用简单有趣的方式把它介绍给年轻人。（P3） Efforts to preserve the peace have failed. 维护和平的努力失败了。
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This vase has been preserved well. 这个花瓶保存得完好无损。
These 18th-century oil paintings are preserved so well that the visitors are greatly amazed.这些十八世纪的油画保存得这么好，使参观者大为惊叹。 preserve... from... = protect ... from... 保护……免受...
We need to preserve the forest from damage. 我们需要保护森林。 ◎n.保护区
Etosha is one of the world's greatest wildlife preserves.伊托沙是世界上最大的野生动物保护区之一。
You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle preserve.
你甚至可以在世界上最大的秃鹰保护区欣赏到美丽的秃鹰。 【拓展】
preservation /ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/ n.[U] 保护；维护；保存
building/environmental/food preservation筑物的保养/环境保护/食物的保藏 The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation.这些绘画保存得非常好。
10.cypress / ˈsaɪprəs / n. 柏树
11.app /æp/n. 应用程序；应用软件（application的缩略形式）
International Youth Camp Members Create Mount Tai App 国际青年营成员开发了泰山应用软件（P3）
12.application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 申请（表）；用途；运用；应用（程序）
I wonder when I'll be informed about my application for the job. 我想知道什么时候才能通知工作是否被录用。
The application form is important. Sit down and write it out properly. 申请表十分重要，坐下来好好填写。
Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 从二十世纪七十年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。
We have learned the application of new technology to teaching. 我们学会了将新技术应用于教学上。
Send a full CV with your job application. 寄上求职申请书和详尽的个人履历。 an application letter/ form申请信/申请表 【拓展】
（1）apply /əˈplaɪ/
◎vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用
He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. 他使劲按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。 She applied the cream to her face and neck.她把乳霜抹在脸和脖子上。 ◎vi. 申请；请求
To study abroad, you should apply for a passport first. 要出国留学，你应该先申请护照。
（2）applicant /ˈæplɪkənt/ n. [C] 申请人；求职人；请求者
There were over 500 applicants for the job.有500多人申请这份工作。
13.take part in 参与（某事）；参加（某活动）
A group of high school students who are taking part in an international youth camp at Mount Tai
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are creating an app about China's most famous mountain. 参加泰山国际青年会的一群高中生正在创建一个关于中国最著名的山的应用应用软件。（P3）
You can take part in all kinds of after - class activities . 你可以参加各种课外活动。
At the end of every term, the students have to take part in a series of exams. 每到期 末，学生们都不得不参加一连串的考试。
How many countries will take part in the World Cup? 有多少国家要参加世界杯赛？ take an active part in积极参加
She takes an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。 【辨析】
take part in，attend，join和join in
1.take part in多指参加群体性的活动，侧重于主语参加该活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。 How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games? 有多少国家参加了上届奥运会？ 2.attend一般指参加或出席会议、典礼、招待会等，也可指上学、上课、听演讲或讲座等。 She didn't attend her classes yesterday．她昨天没去上学。
3.join通常指加入“组织，团体”或“某些人”中，并成为其中的一员； 也可指加入到某些人中，一起做活动，即join sb．in（doing）sth.。 He joined the football club two years ago．两年前他加入了足球俱乐部。 Will you join us in the game? 和我们一起做游戏好吗？
4.join in和take part in一样，指参加某一活动,take part in稍正式些。join in 也可作不及物动词短语，其后不跟宾语。
I hope you'll all join in the discussion。我希望你们都参加讨论。 No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。
14.give way to 让步；屈服；让路
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。（P4）
After a long argument, we didn't give way to each other. Finally, she broke up withme. 经过长时间的争论后，我们彼此都没有作出让步，最后，她和我分手了。 Excuse me, please give way to the passengers behind you. 请原谅，请给您后面的乘客让路好么。
15.balance /ˈbæləns/
◎ n. 平衡；均衡
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. 在进步与文化遗址保护之间寻找并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。（P4）
keep the balance (between A and B) 保持( A和 B之间的)平衡
Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.尽量保持工作与休闲均衡。 lose one’s balance 失去平衡
She cycled round the corner, lost her balance and fell off. 她骑车拐弯时失去平衡，摔了下来。 ◎vt.使平衡
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He balanced a football on his head. 他将一只足球稳稳地顶在头上。 She tries to balance home life and career.她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。 【拓展】
balanced /ˈbælənst/ adj. 平稳的，平衡的 a balanced diet 均衡饮食
The programme presented a balanced view of the two sides of the conflict. 节目公平地反映了冲突双方的情况。
16.lead to 导致
Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions. 然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来很好的解决方案。（P4）
But the proposal led to protests. 但是该提议引发了抗议。（P4） Lack of exercise can lead to feelings of depression and exhaustion. 缺乏锻炼会导致抑郁和疲劳。
All roads lead to Rome．条条道路通罗马。
17.dam / dæm / n. 水坝；拦河坝
In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area.
20世纪50年代，埃及政府希望在尼罗河上修建一座新的水坝，以控制洪水，发电和向该地区更多的农民供水。（P4）
18.proposal / prəˈpəʊzl /n. 提议；建议
But the proposal led to protests. 但是该提议引发了抗议。（P4） make a proposal 提出建议
He made a proposal to build a new bridge.他提出修一座新桥的建议。 【拓展】
propose / prəˈpəʊz / vt. 提议，建议
I propose an early start tomorrow. 我建议明天早早出发。 propose doing sth. 提议做某事
People proposed investigating the case carefully. 人们建议仔细调查这件事。 He proposed changing the name of the company.他建议更改公司的名称。 propose that...(should) do sth. 提议做某事
I propose that we (should) hold a meeting to discuss this.我建议我们开会讨论这件事。 【注意】
在表示“建议、命令、要求”的这类词的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中时，从句的谓语动词用“should+ do”，should常可省略。
He proposed that they (should) change the name of the company.= He made a proposal that they (should) change the name of the company. 他建议他们更改公司的名称。
19.protest
◎ / ˈprəʊtest / n. 抗议
The building work will go ahead, despite protests from local residents. 尽管当地居民反对，建筑工程将照样进行。
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protest against sth 反对某事
The workers staged a protest against the proposed changes in their contracts. 工人们进行抗议，反对拟议中的对他们合同的修改。 ◎/prə'test/ vi. & vt. （公开）反对；抗议 protest about/against/at sth 反对某事
Students took to the streets to protest against the decision. 学生们走上街头，抗议这项决定。
20. likely / ˈlaɪkli /
◎adj.可能的; 有希望的 (反义词unlikely) be likely to do sth 可能做…
Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. 大坝中的水很可能会破坏许多寺庙，并破坏埃及文化遗产中重要的文物。（P4）
Unemployment is likely to go on rising this year 今年的失业人数可能会继续上升。 It is ikely that… 很可能...；有希望...
I think it is likely that he will arrive tomorrow. 我想他很可能明天到达。 It is likely that it will clear up tomorrow. 很可能明天天气会转晴。 ◎adv. 可能；或许
Profit will most likely have risen by about £25 million.利润极可能增加2,500万英镑左右。 【辨析】likely, possible,和probable
从可能性大小来看：likely介于probable和possible之间。 从搭配来看：
1. likely用作形容词，用于以下两个句型： ①sb. / sth be likely to do sth. ②It’s likely that 从句
She is likely to win the match. = It’s likely that she will win the match. 她可能赢得这场比赛。 2.possible用于以下两个句型： ①It’s possible (for sb.) to do sth. ②It’s possible that从句.
It’s possible for him to solve the problem. = It’s possible that he will solve the problem. 他或许能解决那个问题。
3. probable只用于下列一个句型： It’s probable that从句.
It’s probable that he will arrive before dusk. 他很可能黄昏前到达。
21.turn to
① 向……求助
After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. 在听取了研究这一问题的科学家以及住在大坝附近的居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国求助。（P4） When all his money had been used up, Peter had to turn to a friend for help. 当他的钱全都用光时，彼得只好转而求助于一个朋友。
If you are in trouble，please turn to me．如果你有麻烦，请找我。
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②转向
As the public transport system can't satisfy people's needs, many people turn to private cars. 因为公共交通系统不能满足人们的需求，许多人转向了私家车。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.
如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。 ③变成
Solids turn to liquids at certain temperatures. 在特定温度下固体会变成液体。 ④翻书到
Where's your book? Take it out and turn to Page 4. 你的书呢？拿出来，翻到第4页。
22.committee / kəˈmɪti / n. 委员会
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对那些建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。（P4） She has recently been appointed to the committee.她最近获委为委员会成员。 The committee has decided to close the restaurant.委员会已决定关闭这家餐馆。
23.establish / ɪˈstæblɪʃ / vt. 建立；创立
The committee was established in 1912.这个委员会创立于1912年。（P4） The school has established a successful relationship with the local community. 这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。
Let's establish some achievable goals first. 让我们先订下一些可达到的目标。 The company established itself firmly in business. 这家公司已在商界牢固地确立了自己的地位。
He has established his theory. 他确立了他的学说。 【拓展】
（1）established / ɪˈstæblɪʃt/ adj.已确立的;确定的;公认的 a well-established firm久享盛誉的商行
He is now well established in his career.他现在已经在事业上稳住了根基。 （2）establishment / ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt / n. 建立;创立
The committee will work toward the establishment of a school for the villagers . 该委员会将为村民建立一所学校而努力。
The establishment of the company took one year. 公司的建立花了一年时间。
24. limit / ˈlɪmɪt/
◎n. 限度；限制
a time/speed/age limit 时间 / 速度 / 年龄限制
The highest speed limit on the freeway is 120 km an hour. 高速公路最高限速每小时120公里。
The EU has set strict limits on levels of pollution. 欧盟对污染程度作了严格的限制。
You can't drive─you're over the limit. 你饮酒过量，不能驾车。 without limit 无限制地 ◎vt. 限制；限定
We have taken measures to limit carbon dioxide emissions from cars.
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我们已经采取措施来限制汽车二氧化碳的排放。 limit... to 将……限制在
I've limited myself to 1 000 calories a day to try and lose weight. 我为了试着减肥，限定自己每天摄入1 000卡的热量。
The teacher limited her speech to ten minutes.老师把讲话限制在十分钟内。 【拓展】
（1）limitation / ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn /n.限制；局限性
All the talk had been about the limitation of nuclear weapons.
谈话都是围绕着限制核武器进行的。
This technique is useful but it has its limitations .这种技术实用，但也有局限性。 （2）limited / ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ adj. 有限的
They had planned to turn the club into a limited company. 他们计划把这个俱乐部变成一个有限公司。
25.prevent / prɪˈvent / vt. 阻止；阻碍；阻挠
The accident could have been prevented. 这次事故本来是可以防止的。
The test questions are kept secret so as to prevent cheating. 考试题保密以防作弊. prevent…from doing … 阻止；不准
Nothing can prevent us from winning now. 现在没有什么能够阻止我们获胜了。 Further treatment will prevent cancer from developing 进一步的治疗将阻止癌症恶化。 We must prevent the river from being polluted. 我们必须阻止河流被污染。
26. loss / lɒs / n. 遗失；丧失；损失
I want to report the loss of a package.我要报告丢失了一个包裹。
The loss of hope is turning out to be a stronger sign that a person may commit suicide than other factors. 失去希望成为一个人自杀的更重要的因素。
She said his death was a great loss to herself. 她说他的死对自己来说是巨大的损失。 at a loss不知所措；困惑
He is always at a loss what to say in front of strangers．他在陌生人面前总是不知要说什么。 a sense of loss失落感 make a loss亏损
suffer( great) losses遭受（重大）损失 make up for the loss弥补损失 【拓展】
（1）lose /lu:z/ vt. 遗失；丢失；失去 (lost, lost, losing) I've lost my keys. 我把钥匙丢了。
At that moment he lost his balance and fell.他在那一瞬间失去平衡摔倒了。
to lose a game/a race/an election/a battle/a war输掉比赛 / 赛跑 / 选举 / 战役 / 战争 （2）lost /lɒst/ adj. 失去的; 迷路的; 不知所措的 My pen is lost. 我钢笔丢了。
I took a wrong turn and we got lost in the mountains. 我拐错了弯，我们便在山里迷了路。 I feel lost and lonely in a strange town . 在陌生的城镇里，我感到不知所措、孤单寂寞。
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27.contribution /kɒntrɪ'bjuːʃn/ n. 捐款；捐赠；贡献
The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community. 委员会要求各部门捐款，并在国际社会筹集资金。（P4） All contributions will be gratefully received.我们对所有捐资表示感谢。
The Chinese people make a great contribution to mankind. 中国人对人类有巨大的贡献。 Different teachers make different contributions to a student's growth. 不同的教师在学生的成长过程中起到不同的作用。
28.contribute /kən'trɪbjuːt/ vi. & vt. 捐献；捐助；投稿
It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum. 她很大方，捐助了这么大笔钱。 We contributed a lot of money to the homeless survivors of the earthquake. 我们向无家可归的地震幸存者捐献了一笔钱。 contribute to 捐款； 投稿 ；增进
Would you like to contribute to our collection? 你愿意给我们的募捐捐款吗？
It is an honour to be invited to contribute to your magazine. 应邀向贵杂志投稿是一个荣誉。 This book contributes to our understanding of the subject. 此书有助于我们了解这门学科。 【拓展】
contributor /kən'trɪbjʊtə/ n. 捐款人；投稿者
Mrs. Smith is a generous contributor. 史密斯夫人是位慷慨的捐助者.
He is a regular contributor to children's magazines. 他经常为儿童刊物写稿.
28.department / dɪˈpɑːtmənt / n. 部；司；科
the Education Department 教育部
the International News Department 国际新闻编辑部
The information was passed on to another government department. 该信息被传达给另一政府部门。
Some subjects, such as mathematice, physics and English, are compulsory for the students in this department. 有些课程，比如数学、物理和英语，本系学生都是必修的。
29. fund / fʌnd / n. 基金；专款
World Wildlife Fund 世界野生生物基金会
the International Monetary Fund国际货币基金组织
The project has been cancelled because of lack of funds.这个项目因缺乏资金已经撤销。 The concert will raise funds for research into Aids.这场音乐会将为艾滋病研究筹款。
30.within / wɪˈðɪn / prep. & adv. 在（某段时间、距离或范围）之内
You should receive a reply within seven days.你会在七天之内收到答复。 Is it within walking distance ?那里步行走得到吗？
He finds it hard to live within his income.他觉得靠自己的收入生活难以为继。
31. investigate / ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt / vi. & vt. 调查；研究
Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved.专家们对该问题进行了调查，进行了几次测试，然后就如何保存
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这些建筑物提出了建议。（P4）
Police are still investigating how the accident happened. 警方仍然在调查事故的起因。 Scientists are investigating the effects of diet on fighting cancer. 科学家正在研究饮食的抗癌作用。
We should not jump to conclusions. Let's investigate first. 我们不应草率下结论，还是先调查一下吧。 【拓展】
investigation /ɪnˌvestɪˈgeɪʃn/ n. 调查
The fact was established after investigation. 审查属实。
He had made a thorough investigation. No wonder he knew so much about it. 他对此事做了彻底的调查，怪不得他了解得那么多。
The cause of the crash was under investigation. 事故原因正在调查中。
32. issue / ˈɪʃuː /
◎ n.①重要议题；争论的问题
This is a big issue ; we need more time to think about it. 这是个重大问题，我们需要花较多的时间考虑。 The issue has caused heated political argument.
这个问题已经引发了激烈的政治争论。
She usually writes about environmental issues.她通常写环境方面的题材。 ②（报刊的）期，号; 发行
The article appeared in issue 25.该文发表在第25期。 I bought a set of the new stamps on the date of issue.
我在新邮票发行的当天就买了一套。 ◎vt. 宣布；公布；（正式）发给
The police have issued an appeal for witnesses. 警方发出了寻找目击证人的呼吁。
to issue passports/visas/tickets 发护照 / 签证 / 票
They issued a special set of stamps to mark the occasion.他们特别发行了一套纪念邮票。
33. conduct
◎/ˈkɒndʌkt / n. 行为；举止；管理办法
Are you ashamed of your conduct? 你对自己的行为感到害臊吗？ Several colleges in our study have strict rules about student conduct.
在我们的研究中，有几所大学制定了严格的学生行为规则。 ◎/' kənˈdʌkt / vt. 组织；安排；带领
to conduct an experiment/an inquiry/a survey 进行实验 / 询问 / 调查
According to a survey on reading conducted by the U.S. National Education Association (NEA), young Americans say reading is important—more important than computers and science. 根据美国国家教育协会所做的关于阅读的一份调查，美国年轻人说阅读很重要---比计算机和科学更重要。
Water conducts heat faster than air. 水的导热速度比空气快。
The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.导游引导我们游览了古城遗迹。
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34.document /ˈdɒkjumənt/
◎n. 文件；公文；（计算机）文档
Finally, a document was signed and the work begin in 1960. 最后，签署了一份文件，这项工作于1960年开始动工。（P4）
Because I had spent all night reading documents, I was very tired the next day. 因为我一整晚都在读文件，所以第二天很累。 travel documents 旅行证件
When you are finished typing, remember to save your document.完成录入后，记得将文档存盘。 ◎vt. 记录；记载（详情）
Causes of the disease have been well documented.这种疾病的起因已有完备的记载。 The parents documented every step of their child's development. 父母记录下他们孩子成长的每一步。
35.donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ vt. （尤指向慈善机构）捐赠；赠送；献（血）
Would you like to donate an unusual gift ? 你愿意捐一份特殊的礼物吗？ Now some people agree to donate their organs after they die. 现在一些人同意死后捐献器官。
I think it's all our duty to donate blood. 我认为献血是我们每个人的义务。 donate...to... 向……捐赠……
Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project. 五十个国家为该项目捐款近8000万美元。（P4） Last year, Buffet also decided to donate most of his fortune to charity. 去年，巴菲特也决定将他大部分的财产捐献给慈善事业。
They used to donate large sum of money to the Red Cross every year. 他们过去每年都向红十字会捐献大笔的钱。
The wealthy businessman donated some computers to the college. 有钱的商人给学院捐赠了电脑。 【拓展】
donation /dəʊˈneɪʃn/ n. 捐赠物;捐赠;赠送
Employees make regular donations to charity. 员工定期向慈善机构捐赠。 He received a letter of thanks for his donation of books to the library. 他收到一封感谢信，感谢他捐书给图书馆。
Do you have the experience of blood donation? 你有没献血的经历？
36.disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ vi. 消失；灭绝；消亡
Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing. 也许最好的例子就是联合国教科文组织，它开展了一项防止世界各地世界文化遗产消失的计划。（P4） Why the dinosaurs suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. 恐龙为什么会突然灭绝至今仍是个谜。
The road disappeared under a blanket of snow. 路被积雪盖住了。
【拓展】
disappearance /ˌdɪsə'pɪərəns/ n. 消失；失踪；灭绝
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The disappearance of many species of plants and animals worried many scientists.
许多动植物物种的消失令许多科学家担心。
The disappearance of Zhang Yingying, a Chinese visiting scholar at the University of Illinois, has drawn public attention to Chinese students' safety in the United States.
章莹颖，伊利诺伊大学中国访问学者的失踪引起了公众对在美国留学生的安全的关注。
37.attempt /əˈtempt/
◎vt. 尝试；企图；试图
Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam? 为什么埃及政府企图建这个大坝？（P5）
The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed. 囚犯企图逃跑，但失败了。 He attempted to take control of the company. 他试图掌控公司。 I will attempt to answer all your questions. 我将努力回答你的全部问题。 ◎n. 努力；尝试；企图
I passed my driving test at the first attempt .我考汽车驾驶执照一次就通过了。 The proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption 这些提议试图使这个国家摆脱政治腐败。
Attempts are being made to solve the problem of waste disposal. 正在想办法解决废物处理的问题。
38.make sure 确保；设法保证
We must protect the temples and make sure that no damage is done. 我们必须保护这些寺庙，并确保没有造成损坏。（P5）
Make sure that young children cannot get close to pools. 务必不要让小孩独自靠近池塘. 【注意】make sure的宾语从句中通常用一般现在时表将来。
If you find a job, make sure you are employed legally. 找工作时，确保你是合法雇用的。 We will do our best to make sure you enjoy your visit.我们会竭尽全力确保您访问愉快。
39.worthwhile /'wə:θ'wail/ adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的
A lot of money was spent to protect the temples. Do you think it was worthwhile? 许多钱被花在保护寺庙上，你认为值得吗？（P5） It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.干某事是值得的
It is worthwhile visiting/ to visit the Great Wall. 长城值得去旅游。 【拓展】
（1）worth adj. 价值……的；值……钱的 sth be worth sth 值得……；值……钱
sth be worth doing 值得做…..（只能用doing表被动意义）
The museum is worth a visit.=The museum is worth visiting.这个博物馆值得参观。 （2）worthy adj. 应得……的；值得的 sth be worthy of sth 值得…
sth be worthy of being done = sth be worthy to be done值得做…..
The museum is worthy of a visit.=The museum is worthy of being visited. = The museum is worthy to be visited. 这个博物馆值得参观。
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40.download /daʊn'ləʊd/
◎vt. 下载
I have downloaded that free app, but it doesn't work well.
我下载了那个免费软件，但不好用。（P6）
He used to download information from the internet and made good use of it. 他过去常常从因特网上下载信息并充分利用它。
I’m happy that my 80-year-old grandma has learned how to download from the Internet. 我很高兴我80岁的奶奶学会了从网上如何下载。 ◎n. 下载；已下载的数据资料
For your convenience, this application is also included with this article in a download file. 为了方便起见，本文在下载文件中还包含了此应用程序。 【拓展】
upload /ˌʌpˈləʊd/ vt. 上传
I took these photos and uploaded them to some websites. 我拍了这些照片， 然后上传到网上。
41.republic /rɪ'pʌblɪk/ n. 共和国
The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于一九四九年。
42.professional /prəˈfeʃənl/
◎adj. 专业的；职业的
We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. 在大金字塔入口处我遇到了一个专业考古学家。（P6）
You'll have a professional photographer with you to take photographs. 你们将带上一位专业摄影师去拍照。
The company offered me an opportunity for professional development.有一个专业进修的机会 ◎n. 专业人员；职业选手
This was a job for a real professional. 这是需要真正专家才能担任的工作。
He was an amateur cyclist before the 1992 Olympic Games but became a professional after he had competed in the Games. 在1992年奥运会之前他还只是一名业余车手，但是在参加奥运会比赛之后，他就成为一名专业车手了。 【拓展】
（1）profession /prəˈfeʃn/ n. 职业；专业
She was at the very top of her profession.她是她那个行业中的佼佼者。 （2）professor /prəˈfesə/ n. 教授 a history professor历史教授
43.archaeologist / ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/ n. 考古学家
The archaeologist was gathering new evidence on the Beijing man. 这位考古学家正在搜集北京猿人的新资料。
The archaeologist unearthed a buried treasure last year. 去年，那位考古学家发掘了埋在地下的一个宝藏。 【拓展】
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archaeology /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi/ n. 考古学
The boy was interested in archaeology and he made up his mind to become an archaeologist. 小男孩对考古学感兴趣，他下定决心要做一个考古学家。
44.entrance /'entrəns/ n. 入口；进入
entrance to sth 入口（处）
the entrance to the museum博物馆入口处
To my surprise, the entrance to the mine was closed.令我惊讶的是，矿井的入口被关闭了。 an entrance fee入场费
a university entrance exam大学入学考试
Although he failed in this entrance examination, he didn't lose heart. 这次入学考试他虽名落孙山, 但他并不气馁. 【拓展】
enter /ˈentə(r)/ vt. 进入；加入
Knock before you enter the room.进屋前先敲门。
to enter a school/college/university考入学校 / 学院 / 大学
Several new firms have now entered the market.有几家新公司已打入市场。
45.pyramid / ˈpɪrəmɪd / n. （古埃及的）金字塔；棱锥体
We set off to see the Pyramids and Sphinx. 我们出发去看金字塔和狮身人面像。 This is a food pyramid. 这是一个食物金字塔。
They built a pyramid of leaves and twigs. 他们用树叶和枝条堆成一个棱锥体。
46.process
◎/ˈprəʊses / n. 过程；进程；步骤
He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. 他向我们解释了建造如此困难的建筑物的过程。（P6）
I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process.做任何改革恐怕都会是个缓慢的过程。 I think life itself is alearning process .我认为生活本身就是一个学习的过程。 ◎/ prəˈses / vt. 处理；加工
Most of the food we buy is processed in some way.我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。
47.overseas / ˌəʊvəˈsiːz /
◎adj. 海外的
overseas development/markets/trade海外发展 / 市场 / 贸易 overseas students/visitors外国留学生 / 游客
Every year nine million overseas visitors come to London.每年有900万外国游客来伦敦观光。 The overseas trades have been developing these years. 这些年对外贸易得到了发展。 ◎adv. 在海外
to live/work/go overseas 在国外生活 / 工作；出国
The product is sold both at home and overseas.这个产品行销国内外。
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48.exit /'eksɪt/
◎n. 出口；通道；离开；退场
An exit is the door where/ through which you can leave a building. 出口是你可以离开建筑物的门口。（P6）
There is a fire exit on each floor of the building. 这栋建筑每层楼都有个消防通道。
The emergency exit is at the back of the bus.紧急出口在公共汽车的尾部。
Go straight through that door under the EXIT sign. 从“安全出口”标志下的那道门直穿过去。 Leave the motorway at the next exit. 在下一个出口处驶离高速公路。 ◎vi. & vt. 出去；离去
We exited through a fire door.我们从防火安全门走了出去。
As the actors exited the stage the lights went on.演员们退场时灯光便亮了起来。 I exited the database and switched off the computer.我退出数据库后关掉了计算机。
49.sheet / ʃi:t / n. 一张（纸）；床单；被单
a clean/blank sheet of paper 一页白纸
a sheet of glass/steel/ ice/一块玻璃/一张钢板/一层冰
Once a week, a maid changes the sheets.女仆每星期换一次床单。
50.parade / pəˈreɪd /
◎n. 游行；检阅
We held a grand military parade on National Day at Tiananmen Square to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China . 我们为庆祝新中国成立70周年在天安门广场进行国庆大阅兵。 ◎vi. 游行庆祝；游行示威
The victorious team will parade through the city tomorrow morning. 明天上午获胜队将在城内举行庆祝游行。
51.mirror /'mɪrə(r)/ n. 镜子
He looked at himself in the mirror . 他照了照镜子。 a rear-view mirror （车内的）后视镜 a wing mirror 装在车外侧面的后视镜 a side-view mirror 侧视镜
My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror. 我妈妈告诉我，好朋友就像一面镜子。 The face is the mirror of the soul.脸是反映灵魂的镜子。 Education in any society is a mirror of that society. 任何社会的教育都是反映该社会的一面镜子。
52.roof /ru:f/ n. 顶部；屋顶
The roofs of the classrooms are made of grass.教室的屋顶是用茅草盖的。
We could see the stars through an opening in the roof. 我们从屋顶的小洞能看见星星。 The roof of the car was not damaged in the accident.事故中，车顶没有遭到损坏。
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53.chiwen/'tʃəvən/ n. 鸱吻（又叫鱼龙，鱼和龙的结合体，是古代传说龙生九子之
一。古代有一说法“鲤鱼跃龙门”、“登者化龙”，即渊源于此。后代又把“鲤鱼跃龙门”来比喻科考，考中者即鱼化成龙。）
54.dragon /'dræɡən/ n. 龙
The Great Wall is like a dragon. 长城像一条龙。 dragon boat festival龙舟节；端午节
Chinese people like to eat zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival. 中国人喜欢在端午节吃粽子。
55.forgive / fəˈɡɪv / （forgave；forgiven ）
◎vt. & vi. 原谅；宽恕
You should forgive and forget. 你应当不念旧恶。
I'm sure he'll forgive you. 我相信他会原谅你。
forgive sb for sth/for doing sth 因（做）某事原谅某人
I'll never forgive her for what she did.我绝不会原谅她做的事。
I'll never forgive you for cheating in the exam.我永远不会原谅你考试作弊。 ◎vt. 对不起；请原谅
Forgive me, I don't mean to hurt you.请原谅，我并非有意伤害你。 Forgive me for interrupting, but I really don't agree with that. 请原谅我打岔，不过我确实不同意那一点。 【拓展】
forgiveness /fəˈɡɪvnəs/ n. 原谅；宽恕；宽宏大量 He stole a bike and prayed for God's forgiveness. 他偷了一脸自行车，祈求上帝宽恕。
He begged forgiveness for what he had done. 他乞求饶恕他的所作所为。 Love is forgiveness and sacrifice. 爱是对别人的宽容和牺牲。
56.digital /dɪdʒɪt(ə)l/ adj. 数码的；数字显示的
PROMOTING CULTURE THROUGH DIGITAL IMAGES通过数码影像推广文化（P8）
They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Mogao Caves, which were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China’s ancient history. 他们正在记录和收集来自莫高窟文物的数字图像，莫高窟是中国古代历史上丝绸之路的一个重要站点。（P8） a digital camera 数码相机
57.image / ˈɪmɪdʒ / n. 形象；印象；影像；图像
His public image is very different from the real person. 他在公众心目中的形象与他真实的本人截然不同。
The advertisements are intended to improve the company's image. 这些广告旨在提高公司的形象。
She stared at her image in the mirror.她凝视着自己在镜子中的映像。 A few images gradually appeared on the computer screen one by one. 一些图片一张接一张地逐渐出现在电脑屏幕上。
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58.cave /keɪv/ n. 山洞；洞穴
There is only a dusky light inside the cave. 山洞中只能见到一丝昏暗的光线。 The roof of the cave dropped onto the miners, trapping them. 洞穴的顶部坍了下来， 砸在矿工身上，困住了他们。
59.throughout /θru:'aut/ prep. 各处；遍及；自始至终
Guilin is known throughout the world for its scenery. 桂林以山水著称于世。 Within weeks, his confidence had spread throughout the team.
短短几个星期，他的信心感染了全体队员。
The museum is open daily throughout the year. 这个博物馆一年到头每天都开放。
60.quality /'kwɒlətɪ/
◎ n. ①[C]（尤指好的）人品；素质；品德
What qualities does a great person have? 伟人应该具备什么样的品质呢？ Honesty is a quality that everyone admires. 诚实是人人都赞赏的品德。
An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for others. 邻里之间最重要的品质就是为别人着想。
②[C,U] 质量；品质
The quality of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.这所小学校的教学质量比一些大的学校的教学质量更好。
Nowadays people are very concerned about the safety and quality of food． 如今，人们非常关心食品安全和质量。 the quality of life 生活质量
of good/high/low quality质量好的/高的/低的（常作表语和后置定语）
The shoes were of good design and good quality. 这些鞋样式新颖，质量上乘。 in quality在质量上（常作状语）
This radio is poor in quality; it broke down within less than a year . 这台收音机质量很差, 用了不到一年就坏了。 ③[C,U] 特征
One quality of this plastic is that it is almost unbreakable．这种塑料的一个特点是它几乎不破。 ◎adj. 优质的；高质量的
Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994. 自1994年国际项目开始以来，已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。（P8）
We have been successful because we are offering a quality service. 我们因提供的服务水准一流一直经营得很成功。
We occupy a quality position in the market place. 我们在市场上居于高端地位。
While using quality ingredients, we offered the dishes at reasonable prices . 虽然使用优质原料，但是我们以合理的价格提供这些菜。
61.all over the world 在世界各地
Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people to admire in America.
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来自世界各地的游客参观敦煌的洞穴，洛杉矶的盖蒂博物馆甚至还复制了这些洞穴和绘画作品，供美国人欣赏。（P8） We are not alone; we have friends all over the world. 我们并不孤立，我们的朋友遍天下。 I have received thousands of good-wish cards and gifts from all over the world. 我收到了来自世界各地的数千份问候卡和礼物。
Brazilian football teams have given joy to millions of people all over the world. 巴西足球队给全世界数百万观众带来了欢乐。
62.tradition / trəˈdɪʃn / n. 传统；传统的信仰或风俗
By sharing so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even wider interest around the world in China’s ancient history, culture, and traditions. 这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量(有关莫高窟的)电子照片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。（P8）
After this, people started the tradition of admiring the moon and sharing moon cakes with their families. 此后，人们开始了赏月和与家人分享月饼这样一个传统。 There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve. 我们家有个传统，全家要聚在一起过新年除夕。
By tradition , children play tricks on April Fool’s Day.按照传统风俗，儿童在愚人节戏弄别人。 【拓展】
（1）traditional /trəˈdɪʃənl/ adj. 传统的；习俗的；惯例的；因袭的 It's traditional in China to eat dumplings on Chinese Spring Festival. 春节时吃饺子是中国的传统。
In most countries, people usually eat traditional food on special holidays. 在大多数国家，人们在特别的节日里通常吃传统食物。
Country is a traditional kind of music from the southern states of America. 乡村音乐是一种来自美国南部各州的传统音乐。 （2） traditionally /trəˈdɪʃnəli/ adv. 传统上;传说上
Traditionally, Chinese New Year is a time for families to reunite. 传统上, 中国新年是家人围聚的时光.
Cooking is traditionally undertaken by mothers, but has been often taken over by fathers nowadays. 传统上母亲承担做饭任务，而现在常常由父亲接任了。
63.further / ˈfɜːðə(r) / adv. （far的比较级）更远；进一步
They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future generations to understand and appreciate. 他们还希望进一步教育人们认识保护历史文化遗迹以供后代了解和欣赏的重要性。（P8） We expect to see further improvement in your work.
我们期望看到你的工作有更进一步的改善。 We found further scientific evidence for this theory. 我们找到了进一步证实这种理论的科学根据。
We had walked further than I had realized.在我不知不觉中我们已走得很远。 【注意】
far的比较级和最高级形式有两种：farther/farthest和 further /furthest。表示距离既可用farther/farthest，也可用further/furthest；表示事物的程度通常用further/furthest。
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I have to travel further/farther to work now.现在我得走更远的路去上班。
Now we live further/farther away from the city centre 现在我们住得离市中心更远了。 We need further consideration on this matter. 我们需要更深入地考虑一下这件事情。
further education/ reading继续教育/进一步阅读
64.historic /hɪ'stɒrɪk/ adj. 历史上著名（或重要）的；有史时期的（通常具有重
要意义的或在历史上著名的）
May 4, 1919 is a historic day. 1919年5月4日是有历史意义的一天。 On the other side of the road are historic buildings. 路的另一头是有历史意义的建筑物。 【拓展】
（1）historical /hɪ'stɒrɪkl/ adj. 历史（上）的；有关历史的（通常指与历史有关的） The lively characters are from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story. 可爱的人物形象来自中国童话故事或历史故事。
He is writing a historical novel about nineteenth-century France. 他正在写一本描述19世纪法国的历史小说。
We went to see a historical play. 我们去看了一出历史剧。 （2）history /'hɪstərɪ/ n.[U] 历史；历史学；历史课
These events changed the course of history .这些事件改变了历史的进程。 a history teacher历史老师
65.opinion /ə'pɪnjən/ n. 意见；想法；看法
What's your opinion about Mo Yan's works? 你对莫言的作品有什么看法？
My opinions on the matter are similar to yours.我对这件事的见解和你的差不多。 I would really like to have your opinion on this. 我很想听听你对此事的见解。 He represents the opinions of the youth of today. 他代表着当今年轻人的看法。 in one's opinion(=in one's view) 在某人看来
In my opinion/view, you shouldn't go there by yourself．在我看来，你不应该独自去那里。 In his opinion/view, it’s important for children to be independent. 在他看来，独立对孩子来说很重要。
have a good/bad/high/low opinion of对……评价好/不好/高/低 The boss has a very high opinion of her．老板对她评价很高。
66.quote / kwəʊt /
◎ vt. 引用；引述
She quoted a great line from shakespeare's play.她引用了莎士比亚剧中的名句。 ‘Life is meaningless without love.’ he quoted. “人生无爱一场空。”他引述道。 ◎n. 引用；引文；引语
The essay was full of quotes.这篇文章满篇皆是引语。
The article starts with a quote from one of shakespeare's poems. 文章的开头引用了莎士比亚的诗作。
67.paraphrase / ˈpærəfreɪz / n.，vi. & vt. （用更容易理解的文字）解释
Match the word in column A with the paraphrase in column B.
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把A栏中的单词和B栏中的英文释义连起来。
Try to paraphrase the question before you answer it.先试解释一下问题再作回答。 Could you paraphrase this sentence to make it easier to understand? 你能把这句话解释一下使它更容易理解吗？
68.comparison / kəmˈpærɪsn / n. 比较；相比
I made a comparison between the market in the US and China.我比较了美国和中国的市场。 My garden doesn't stand comparison with his. 我的花园无法和他的相比。 There is no comparison between frozen food and fresh food. 冷冻食品和新鲜食品不能相提并论。
This dress is really cheaper by comparison. 比较起来，这件衣服确实便宜。 By comparison with London, Paris is small. 与伦敦相比，巴黎较小。 【拓展】
compare /kəmˈpeə/ v. 比较；对比；与…类似(或相似)
We compared the two reports carefully.我们仔细地比较了两个报告。
My English cannot compare with his. 我的英语不及他。 compare…with 和……比较；对比
We carefully compared the first report with the second. 我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。
And they are always comparing them with other children. 他们总是把自己的孩子拿来与别人家的孩子比较。 compare… to 把…比作， 喻为
A teacher's work is often compared to a candle. 教师的工作常被比作蜡烛. Life is compared to a voyage. 人生好比航海. compared to/ with 与…比较，与…相比
The crime rate in China is lower compared to/ with some other countries 和别的国家比起来，中国的犯罪率更低。
Our difficulties were nothing compared to/ with yours. 和你的困难比起来，我们的困难就算不上什么了。
Compared to/ with people living only a few generations ago, we have greater opportunities to have a good time. 比起上几辈人，我们有更多机会享受生活。
69.contrast
◎/'kɒntrɑːst/ n. 对比；对照; 明显的差异
Black hair is a sharp contrast to the white skin. 黑发白肤形成鲜明的对照。 There is an obvious contrast between the cultures of East and West. 东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异。 by contrast with 和……对比
She seems slimmer by contrast with her sister.与她姐姐相比，她似乎更苗条些。 ◎ /kən'trɑːst/ vt. 对比；对照
The middle school teacher contrasted her best student's work with that of her weakest student那位中学老师把她最好的学生的作业和最弱的学生的作业作了对比
You may contrast this book with another one. 你可以把这本书和另外一本对照一下。
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70.identify / aɪˈdentɪfaɪ / vt. 确认；认出；找到
Whose handwriting is this? Can you identify it? 这是谁的笔迹，你辨认得出来吗？ Passengers were asked to identify their own luggage before boarding their flights. 乘客被要求先确认自己的行李再登机。
Scientists have identified a link between diet and cancer.
科学家发现了饮食与癌症之间的关联。
These vases were identified as Chinese.这些花瓶被鉴定为是中国的。 identify sth with sth认为某事物等同于
You should not identify wealth with happiness.你不应该认为财富就等于幸福。 【拓展】
identity /aɪ'dentətɪ/ n. 本身；本体；身份
Will Chinese English develop its own identity? 中国式英语是否也能发展成一种具有自己独特个性的语言？
an ID card =an identity card 身份证
He had lost his identity card and was being questioned by the police.他丢了身份证，正在被警察询问。
71.forever / fərˈevə /adv. 永远；长久地
I hope our friendship will last forever.希望我们的友谊长存。 Although they're expensive, they last forever and never go out of style 尽管价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时。
They will live forever in our hearts. 他们将永远活在我们心中。
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本文来源：https://www.wddqxz.cn/94fa31aaa3116c175f0e7cd184254b35eefd1a16.html
2022-07-10
