(完整版)常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则

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常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 一、规则变化 :

1. 一般情况直接加 ed,女口 ask — asked, work — worked 2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d,如love — loved, dance — danced

3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed,如try — tried, study — studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词 （以重读闭音节或 r

，再加ed,如

stop — stopped permit — permittee注: A.以I结尾的动词，尾音节重读时，双写I, 如con trol — con trolled尾音节不重读时，双不双写都可以，如 travel — travele

音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母

）,先双写末尾这个辅音字母

美） /travelled（英）。 B. 特例 :

pic nic — pic ni cked — pic nicl去野餐）,traffic — trafficked — traffiSkBd，在…通 行） 另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的 ,需要熟记 .（见 后）

C. 读音与说明 :

①-ed 在清辅音音素后发音为 [t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped ①-ed 在浊辅音和元音后发音为 [d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed

①-ed 在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wan ted, n eeded, admitted, permitted 二、不规则变化

1. A---A---A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形） 动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打

let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形） beat beat beaten打

3. A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形） come came come 来 become became become变


run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B 型

⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母 d 或 t 构成过去式或过去分词。 burn burnt burnt 燃烧

learn lear ned/lear nt lear ned/lear nt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见

⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母 “c改为“t构成过去式或过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent送 spe nd spe nt spe n花费 ⑶其他

pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说

bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买

think thought thought 想 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 fight fought fought 战斗 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站

un dersta nd un derstood un derstood明白 win won won 得胜

shine shon e/sh ined shon e/sh in ed发光 feel felt felt 觉得 find found found 发现


get got got 得到

hang han ged/ hung han ged/ hung绞死，挂 have had had 有

hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖

5. A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同） ⑴在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。

eat ate eate n 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 ⑵过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。 speak spoke spoken说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose choser选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记

⑶变单词在重读音节中的元音字母 “分别为“a”（过去式）和“ u”（过去分词） beg in bega n begu n 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 ⑷其他不规则动词的变化。 be(am,is) was/ were bee n 是 be(are) were bee n 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿

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