简析中国式英语中的句式错误

2023-04-15 06:06:43   文档大全网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ]

#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《简析中国式英语中的句式错误》,欢迎阅读!
简析,句式,英语,中国式,错误
简析中国式英语中的句式错误

【关键词】中式英语句式结构

【摘要】本文对中式英语中的句式错误进行了探讨, 并对中式英语中的句式错误加以归纳提出了改正方法。



1 引言随着中国对外开放的不断发展,中国与国际交流的日趋增多,学习英语的人也随之越来越多。但始终有一个问题困扰着他们,就是在他们的英语中不可避免的会出现一些汉语化的英文,我们称之为“中式英语”。所谓“中式英语”是指中国的英语学习者和使用者受到母语的影响,硬搬汉语规则和习惯,在英语使用过程中出现的不合英语规范或不合英语文化习惯的畸形英语。常见的中式英语大致可归纳为两大类,一类为冗余词(unnecessary words)错误,另一类为句式结构sentence structure)错误。本文仅就句式结构加以分析。



2 句式结构中的Chinglish在中国英语学习使用者使用或写作过程中,在以下几个方面会出现问题,从而产生英语使用的不合理。2.1 多余的名词英语是一门基于动词的语言,英语的特点是简单、具体、最重要的一点是句意清晰。而中国式英语是一门基于名词的“语言”,而且其名词抽象、语义模糊。其特点是复杂、冗长、曲折、含混。例如:It’s a highly informative presentation on

imagepackaging and impression management for businessprofessionals.In such a case simple application of a screwdrivershould be used to tighten screw. Failure totighten the screw can eventually lead to

disengagementof the handle.以上句子中的错误就是名词过多造成的,从而显得句子冗长,句义模糊不清,要改正这些句子就需要用一些相应的动词或者句子进行改写,以上两句可改为:It’s highly informative presentation that showshow business executives can dress to create a

favorableimpression.If his happens simply tighten the screw with ascrewdriver; otherwise the handle may come off.有一种名词需要特别指出,因为它是中国式英语中最为常见的多余词。这类词的作用只是介绍一个动词或名词,在这种结构中,第一个名词只是给第二个名词归类,而这种归类有是大家所熟知、不需交代的。例如:There is a serious mistake in the work of

planning.其改正方法很简单――― 连同附着的介词、冠词一同删除,所以上句可以改为:There is a serious mistake in planning.另外还有一种现象就是中国英语使用者喜欢把一个或多个名词当形容词用,例如:Measures adopted by local governments in soilerosion control include the followingthe State assets management institutions为了避免这些错误,可以把这些名词换成表示相同意义的动词或形容词,或改变结构,所以以上句子可以改为:Measures adopted by local governments to controlsoil erosion include the

followingthe institution responsible for managing Stateassets2.2 代词和


先行词英语中的代词很多,其中要注意的有三类:人称代词、关系代词和指称代词。要使用好代词,就要注意代词与先行词的关系。 2.2.1 当先行词不明确的时候产生理解误差。The second question concerns close planting. Itshould neither be spread out too thinly nor plantedtoo closely.其中文为:第二个问题是关于栽种密度的问题,既不能太密,也不能太紧。第二句话的主语我们汉语可以体会到。但是在英语表达中,作者忽略了it 所指的先行词,所以读者就不知所云。我们可以把it 替换为crops,这样意义就明确了。 2.2.2 当句中出现不止一个代词可能指代的名词时,读者可能会混淆。例如:Since the purchase of grain is mostly entrustedto state companies and grain traders are allowed tocarry no more than50 jin with them their regulatingrole is restricted.上句中,their 指代的究竟是companies 还是traders,还是指代两者,读者无法理解。在这种情况下,不应该使用代词,而应该把原来的名词进行重述。所以应改为:Since the purchase of grain is mostly entrustedto state companies and grain traders are allowed tocarry no more than 50 jin with them the traders’regulating role is restricted. 2.2.3 当代词和先行词相隔较远时,读者也容易产生误解。例如:In the meantime the U.S. government increasedits aid to England . In March 1967 the United Statessuccessively organized army and navy advisory teams.On June 17 they signed an agreement which transferred51.7 million dollars’ worth of military equipmentto England .句中的they 人们很容易就认为是指代

teams,因为距离近。然而实际上,作者要表达的意思是两国政府。所以应改为:In the meantime the U.S. government increasedits aid to England . In March 1967 the United Statessuccessively organized army and navy

advisory teams.On June 17 the two government signed an agreementwhich transferred 51.7 million dollars’ worth ofmilitary equipment to

England . 2.2.4 .先行词和代词在性、数等方面要一致,否则也会出现问题。If each enterprise goes it alone they willnever be able to improve the quality of their products.既然是each enterprise 又何来they their。这也是中国英语学习者常犯的错误。所以应改为:If each enterprise goes it alone it will neverbe able to improve the quality of its products.2.3 悬空修饰成分(dangling modifier)修饰成分应该靠近所修饰的名词或代词,当两者距离太远时就成为悬空修饰成分。 2.3.1 悬空分词我们在用分词修饰名词或代词时必须要靠近所修饰的成分,当距离过远时我们就称之为悬空分词。例如:Inside the grand palace in the middle of the Temple of Confucius

musicians will play tunes allegedlyrefined by Confucius using antique. instrumentsincluding stringed guqin上句中的using antique instruments includingstringed guqin 距离所修饰的成分musicians 太远,让人感觉不舒服。所以上句应改为:Inside the grand palace in the middle of the Temple of Confucius musicians using antique. instrumentsincluding stringed guqin will play tunesallegedly refined by Confucius.另一个中国学生易犯的错误是句首的悬空分词修饰的成分并不是句子的主语。例如:Looking back over


本文来源:https://www.wddqxz.cn/5f0dcd975cbfc77da26925c52cc58bd630869362.html

相关推荐