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东北大学2012级研究生英美概况作业
The Rise of the United States
The United States is a federal constitutional republic consisting of fifty states and a federal district. At 3.79 million square miles and with over 314 million people, the United States is the third largest country by total area, and the third-largest by both land area and population. The country accounts for 41% of global military spending, and is a leading economic, political, and cultural force in the world. Why this young nation becomes a world power in less than 300 years?
Of course, there are many factors such as culture, education, economy and so on. As we all know that the economic foundation determines the superstructure. So, personally I believe that strong economic power is the main reason.
With the Declaration of Independence passed in 1776 by the Continental Congress, which consisted of only 13 states, a new nation established in the western hemisphere. At that time, the US was only a nation based on agricultural economy such as animal husbandry, fishing industry and the import and export trade. The First Industrial Revolution in America started at the end of 17th and finished around in 1850. In that period, many factories and companies established and economy developed rapidly. The US gradually became a strong industrial country.
"No place have such superior natural resources on earth, every enterprise and lucky Americans can become rich", said by a American scholar in 1901. The US is one of the few countries have so much incomparable resources. The five Great Lakes and the Mississippi River located in her hinterland and 11% electric power are generated by water. It accounts 12% of the cultivated land area in the world. One eighth os its land has underground coal. It ranks firstly in gross output of natural gas and mineral resources. The forest area of about 440 million acres with 33% coverage rate. I believe that the US's rise largely depends on those resources.
In 1860th, the US started its Second Industrial Revolution. In this revolution, the US developed fastly than the previous one's. In 1900, the operating railway line in the United States is about 190000 miles which equated the total length of European railway. In 1910, the agricultural total production values up to 9 billon dollars. At the beginning of twentieth century, the United States achieved agriculture mechanization and it finished its Second Industrial Revolution.
All the two revolutions strengthen the economic base of the United States. Industrial civilization creates civilization and civilization promotes industrial civilization, too. During
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东北大学2012级研究生英美概况作业
the period of the two revolutions, many people including politicians, scholars and scientists and so on, devoted all their strength to build America. There are some reasons why America's economy developed so fastly during this period:
1.After The American War of independence, the US attached greatly importance to education. It was estimated that In eighteenth century, Britain's literacy rate is between 48% and 70%, and the residents of North America's literacy rate has reached 70% to 100%. These learned person and their offspring had a great influence on the economic development of America.
2.The pioneers of America appreciated the freedom, democratic and peace they got. They had distinct personality such as individualism, pioneering spirit and spirit of adventure. All the characteristics made them to exploit and make progress.
3.There are so many excellent leaders, scientists, scholars, and so on in America who promoted and even determined the development of America. President Washington and his staffs overcame many difficulties to realize the independence of the United States. President Lincoln maintained the unity of the country and promoted the development of civilization. Westward Movement and buying Alaska fully demonstrated the American leaders' unique vision.
4.Americas have always known how to deal with other countries and can also benefit a lot from it. After its independent, it established colonies all over the world just as British did. By the war of aggression, the United States has accumulated great wealth. During the two World War, the US became the leading power of the world. After the Cold War, the US became the sole super power in the world.
Nowadays, many emerging countries such as China, Russia and so on rise. But the US is still a model that many countries estimate. Its strong capability of innovation is the driving force for economic development.
All in all, the main reason why America is so strong is fundamentally based on its strong economy. Other aspects such as military, politics and culture all benefit a lot from it.
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2023-03-11
