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(4) city rely on: the city is a port to provide people, money, material advantage, is conducive to the port construction and development.
(5) policy conditions (such as the port construction of Tianjin Binhai New Area)
Free trade port
Open port
Note: on the port, the natural factors determine the position of the port; social and economic factors affect the rise and fall of the port. Both are indispensable.
Application: such as analysis of the main factors: the location of the port of New York, the Hudson River port provides fresh water, safe deepwater harbor and ensure proper haven channel width and a large number of ships anchored the required space; the Hudson River flat open, providing favorable conditions for port equipment, buildings and the city of New York reasonable plane layout; the New York port economic hinterland is the most developed American Northeast Industrial Zone, a number of railway to the port of New York USA around; taking New York as an example, New York is the largest industrial and commercial city USA and foreign trade port, has a good role in promoting people, wealth, advantage the construction and development of ports.
3 factors affecting the vehicle station
The general principle of the location choice of the bus station is to be able to maximize the local passengers. Specifically, it is necessary to consider the following four factors: width; seventhly, with the city's transport links; (3) with the outer transport links; 4, the engineering quantity.
4 factors affecting aviation port
(1) natural conditions: the requirements for natural conditions are relatively strict; the terrain: a flat open, the slope of the appropriate terrain, to ensure the drainage; the geological conditions of the second: a good geological conditions.
(2) social factors: to have a convenient transportation connection with the city.
(3) economic factors: need to be built in the suburbs of the economically developed cities.
Two one, the typical case of the point, line and the location choice of the transportation
The similarities and differences between the 1 Beijing Kowloon line, Nanning Kunming railway and Qinghai Tibet line location
(1) to improve the road network, economic development needs, population and urban distribution, natural conditions, science and technology 5 aspects to compare.
(2) the common ground is that social and economic conditions are the dominant factors, and the natural conditions are the limiting factors (mainly the constraints of the terrain and geological conditions).
(3) the different status: the Beijing Kowloon line is the north-south route, the Nanning Kunming railway line is access to the sea for the southwest area, Qinghai Tibet railway is conducive to the development of the border areas, strengthen the Tibet and the mainland to contact.
(4) different natural conditions: the Beijing Kowloon Line highlight the communication of the five major river systems, Chuanshan hill across the river; Nanning Kunming railway line through the karst topography; Qinghai Tibet railway across the alpine climate zone, where geological and geomorphological complex.
2 location factors of "west east gas transmission" pipeline construction
(1) the main purpose of the construction of "west east gas transmission pipeline" is to put the natural gas in the Western Tarim Basin and the region to the energy shortage in the eastern coastal areas, and eventually reach the Shanghai city.
(2) the main location factors along the points: the distribution of oil and gas field, along the (West) and the distribution of the population and the city.
Across the mountains, across the mountains, three cross the Yellow River and across many rivers.
Two two, ecological environment problem
1, soil erosion problem
I in the typical area of Loess Plateau - generated reasons: (1) natural causes: monsoon precipitation, summer rainstorm; II vegetation scarce; the loess soil is loose (2) man-made causes: the destruction of vegetation; II unreasonable farming system (drought); (3) mining.
The measures of control: 1. To compress the agricultural land, expand the area of forest and grass, and plant trees and trees.
The significance of Governance: the adjustment of industrial structure is conducive to local conditions, so that the comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, can increase agricultural
People's income, promoting the development of local economy, improving the living conditions of farmers, improving the quality of life, improving the local ecological environment, establishing a healthy ecological system, and establishing a model of ecological agriculture, is conducive to promoting the sustainable development of ecology and economy.
2, desertification problem
Typical areas of China: Northwest China (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and other places)
Causes: (1) natural causes: in the inland areas, less precipitation; secondly, global warming, evaporation exuberant; rodent,
A plague of locusts. (2) man-made reasons: 1. Over grazing, excessive firewood collect, excessive reclamation; unreasonable use of water resources; (3) traffic line project construction and protection improperly.
Control measures: the development of grassland protection laws and regulations, strengthen the management; control the carrying capacity; to create a "3 north shelter forest construction; returning farmland to forest and grassland; the construction of artificial grassland; grazing promotion; prohibit harvesting seaweed etc.
Governance significance: the adjustment of industrial structure is conducive to the adjustment of industrial structure, the comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, can increase the income of farmers, promote local economic development, improve the living conditions of farmers, improve the quality of life, improve the ecological environment of land resources and promote the sustainable development of ecology and economy.
3, drought and water shortage problem
Typical areas of China: North China, Northwest China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river.
For example, North china:
Reason: (1) the natural reason: the temperate monsoon climate, annual rainfall, river runoff is small; the uneven distribution of precipitation, the annual variation of large; (2) man-made reasons: the population density, industrial and agricultural development, water pollution, water pollution is serious.
Management measures: (from the open source, throttle two aspects to think and analysis) of the south to North Water Transfer;
本文来源：https://www.wddqxz.cn/52678bb5cc7931b765ce15c7.html
2022-05-05
