人教版新目标初中英语八年级下册Unit1学霸笔记

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英语,下册,人教,初中,目标

Unti1 what’s the matter?

【词汇解析】

matter [ˈmætə] v. 重要，要紧，有关系 trouble [ˈtrʌbl] n. 麻烦，烦扰，问题 1. get into trouble 造成麻烦

have trouble（in）doing sth做某事有困难 2.询问某事患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦have a sore throat 喉咙痛 sick [sɪk] adj. 患病的，不适的

4.ill & sick 的区别

sick adj.“生病的”，be sick sick+名词 sick person = patient“病人”

时，问：“某人怎么了？”

①What’s the matter (with sb.)？ ②What’s wrong (with sb.)? ③What’s the trouble (with sb.)? ④W hat happened to sb.? ⑤What’s up? ⑥Are you OK?

⑦Is there anything wrong (with sb.)?

knee [ni:] n. 膝盖 foot [fu:t] n. 脚 (复数feet) neck [nek] n. 颈，脖子 throat [θrəʊt] n. 喉咙

nosebleed [ˈnəʊzbli:d] n. 鼻出血 blood [blʌd] n. 血

sore [sɔ:(r)] adj. 疼痛的，酸痛的 headache [ˈhedeɪk] n. 头痛 stomach ['stʌmək] n. 胃，腹部

stomachache ['stʌməkeɪk] n. 胃痛，腹痛toothache [ˈtu:θeɪk] n. 牙痛 fever ['fi:və] n. 发烧，发热

cough [kɒf] n. & v. 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃痛 have a cold 感冒 have a fever 发烧

3.表达身体某一部位疼痛或者不舒服

①have/has+a/an+身体部位 ②have/has+a/an+病症 ③have/has a sore +身体部位 ④身体部位+hurts

have a nosebleed 流鼻血 have a cough 咳嗽

have a heart problem患有心脏病 have problems breathing 呼吸困难

ill adj.“生病的”，be ill be ill in hospital illness n.“病；疾病” feel sick =be ill 生病

lie [laɪ] v. 躺，平躺 5. （lie-lay-lain）

lie down 躺下 lie on 躺在……上

rest [rest] n. 剩余部分，其余；放松，休息 break [breɪk] n. & v. 休息，暂停；打破 6. have a rest =take breaks 休息

the rest of 余下的；剩余的 X-ray ['eksreɪ] n. X光，X射线

get an X-ray 做个X光检查 take one's temperature 量体温

to one's surprise 使…惊讶，出乎…意料 7.

surprise v 使吃惊 → ☆surprising adj. ☆surprised adj. be surprised at 对……感到吃惊

be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶 surprise n. 惊讶 to one’s surprise

使某人吃惊的是

in surprise 吃惊地

get a surprise 吃惊

hurt [hə:t] v. 伤害，损害，使受伤

8. hurt –hurt-hurt

hurt oneself 伤到自己

passenger ['pæsɪndʒə] n. 乘客，旅客 off [ɒf] adv. prep. 离开（某处）；从…去掉onto [ˈɒntə] prep. 向，朝 get off 下车 cut off 切除

get into 陷入，参与 get out of 从...出来

run out (of) 用尽，耗尽 1

hit [hit] n. & v. 碰撞，打，打击

9． hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back

on用在所打较硬的部位

hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach

in用在所打较软的部位

meaningless adj.无意义的

②mean v.意味mean doing sth.意味着干某事 ③mean v.打算 mean to do sth. 打算干某事 ①mean v.意思☞ meaning n.意思；意义

meaningful adj. 有意义的

right away=at once 立刻；马上 herself [hə:ˈself] pron. 她自己，她本身 ourselves [ɑ:ˈselvz] pron. 我们自己

10.反身代词原则：与主语保持一致

单数：myself yourself itself himself herself 复数：ourselves yourselves themselves

importance [ɪmˈpɔ:tns] n. 重要性

15. the importance of… …的重要性 something important 重要的事

the importance of （doing）sth.做某事的重要性

by oneself 独自 hurt oneself 伤到自己 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 learn by oneself 自学

bandage ['bændɪdʒ] n. & v. 绷带；用绷带包扎 put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 breathe [bri:ð] v. 呼吸

11.have problems breathing 呼吸困难 have problems (in) doing sth. 干某事有困难

decision [dɪ'sɪʒn] n. 决心，决定，抉择 16.decide的用法

decide v.  decision n. 决定

make a decision 做决定

decide to do sth 决定做某事 make up one’s mind to do sth

control [kən'trəʊl] v. 控制，支配，操纵 be in control of 掌管，管理 spirit ['spɪrɪt] n. 勇气，意志 death [deθ] n. 死亡

17.辨析：die ，death, dead & dying

die V. 死短暂性动词 death n. 死亡

dead adj. 死的 be dead 表示状态 dying adj. 要死的；垂死的

sunburned [ˈsʌnbɜ:nd] adj. 晒伤的 climber [ˈklaɪmə(r)] n. 登山者 risk [rɪsk] n. & v. 风险，危险；冒险 take risks (take a risk) 冒险

12.risk to do sth. 冒险去做某事

be used to 习惯于… 适应于…

13.

used to do sth.过去常常干某事

give up 放弃

be used to doing sth. 习惯干某 18.give up doing sth. 放弃干某事 accident [ˈæksidənt] n. 意外事件；事故 rock [rɔk] n. 岩石

knife [naif] n. 刀，餐刀 ( 复数knives mean [mi:n] v. 意味着，意思是，意欲

14.

give up +时间+to do sth放弃时间做某事

nurse [nə:s] n. 护士

situation [ˌsitjuˈeiʃən] n. 状况，形式，情况 in a difficult situation 在闲境中

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