动词的三单及不规则变化

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附表1：动词第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式及过去分词变化规则：

一般情况

以-s,-sh,-ch,-o, -x结尾 以辅音字母加y结尾

动词第三人称单数 -s -es

变y为i再加-es

-ing

双写后再加ing



去e再加ing

只加d -ed

变y为i再加-ed 双写后再加ed

现在分词

过去式及过去分词

以重读闭音节结尾，末 尾只有一个辅音字母 以字母e结尾



附表2：动词第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式及过去分词变化规则： 巧记ABB型: 原形特征 - eep -ell -end -ay -n -ing,… -each 巧记ABC型: 原形特征 -eak -eal -ear -ow -i- -i-

过去式 -oke -ole -ore -ew -a- -o-

过去分词 -oken -olen -orn -own -u- -n

例 词 break, speak steal

wear, bear, tear grow, blow, know, throw

sink, swim, drink, ring, sing, begin drive, rise, ride, write

过去式 -ept -old -ent -aid -nt -ought -aught

过去分词 -ept -old -ent -aid -nt -ought --aught

例 词 keep, sweep, sleep sell, tell lend, spend, send say, pay burn, learn, mean bring, buy, fight, think catch, teach

巧记AAA型:击中、 受伤、 让、 吐痰、去掉、 花费、 读、 放、 砍 hit, hurt, let, spit, rid, cost, read, put, cut

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附表3：常见短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换 短暂性动相应的持续词 borrow buy open get married fall asleep

go to bed be in bed come here go there start/ begin join

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完成时态中的形式 have kept have had have been open have been married have been asleep have been in bed

have been here

短暂性动词 相应的持续

性 动词

catch a cold have a cold die close fall ill return go/come to sp become

be be out be over be away from sp be dead be closed be ill be back be in sp.

完成时态中的形式

性 动词 keep have be open be married be asleep

have had a cold have been dead have been closed have been ill have been back have been in sp. have been have been out have been over have been away from sp

be here be there be on be in

have been there go out have been on have been in

finish/ end leave sp

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