译林版七年级英语下册Unit 4 第4课时 Grammar学案

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Unit 4 Finding your way

Grammar

学习目标：

复习所学过的冠词和方位介词 学习重难点： 能掌握冠词的用法

能运用方位介词来表达物体的位置

重点词组：in front of…；between…and…；next to…；beside…；behind…； 本课重点：

1．What can you see across it? 你能看到它(桥)对面有什么?

这里across是介词，意为“在……对面；穿过，横过"，它的动词形式是cross(=walk／go across)。如： You can’t walk across the street now. 你现在不能过马路。 2．The food is above the drinks．食物在饮料上面。 above意为“在……上面”。它与on，over的区别是：

(1)on表示在一物体上，强调两物相接触，仅表示“处于……之上”，是静态。

(2)over也表示在一物体上，但强调覆盖这一物体，表示“越过’’某一高度，具有动态之意。

(3)指数量时，我们一般用over(=more than) 表示“超过”，但如果指上下垂直的度量以及海拔高度时，要用above。

(4)above表示位置高于某人或某物。但不一定是正上方，反义词是below。如： The temperature is three degrees above zero．温度在三度。 3．The drinks are below the food．饮料在食物下面。

below可作介词，意为“在……下面”，不一定是垂直的下方，而under强调垂直的下方。

below也可作副词，意为“在下面”，修饰名词时要放在名词后，following是形容词，也有“在下面”的意思，但following修饰名词时要前置。如：

Her skirt came below her knees．她的裙长过膝。

Let’s read the story below．=Let’s read the following story．咱们读读下面的故事。 语法点拨:

1．冠词(a／an，the)

冠词一般位于所限定的名词前。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两种形式，即a 和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前，如a book(一本书)；an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如an apple(一个苹果)。

a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个；the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。

2．方位介词：in，on，under，behind，near，at，between，in front of／in the front of，above，below beside，inside，outside等。

四个“过”的介词区别：across表示横过，即从物体表面通过，从物体的一边到另一边的移动，与on有关，为二维；through表示穿过，即从物体内部穿过，与in有关，为三维；past意为从物体的旁边经过，或通过某个界限；over指从物体的悬空上方移过。如： (1)Can you swim across the river? 你能游过那条河吗? (2)The road runs through the forest．这条路穿过这座森林。

(3)Go across the bridge，and you’ll find a cinema．走过这座桥，你就会看见一个电影院。 (4)Many birds are flying over our building．许多鸟在我们楼顶飞。 课堂检测：

一．用冠词a，an或the填空(不用填的地方划/) 1. It’s useful book. He is unhappy boy.






2. I have orange. orange is very sour.

3. I like playing football and playing piano. 4. I see panda in the zoo. panda is cute. 5. It takes me half hour to go to school. 6. Do you know girl in red ?

7. This is bag. bag is under ____ desk. 8. My sister is office worker.

9. Marry is from USA and I am from China. 10. I have English friend. 二．选择题

( ) 1. There is_______ big zoo in Sunshine Town. There are many different kinds of animals in_______ zoo.

A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the

( )2. Qingdao will spend about 80,000,000 yuan building（建造）a bridge_______ the sea. A. over B. on C. in D. above ( )3.---Do you get to the cinema by_______ bike? ---No, I take_______ bus there. A. a; a B. ／;a C. the; the D. a; the ( )4. ---How is_______ dinner at Mike's house?

---It is great. Mike's mum is _______ wonderful cook. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; an ( )5. The children often walk_______ the bridge when they go home.

A. above B. cross C. across D. below 三、完形填空 Dear Bill,

Thank you 1 all of your kindness. I really enjoy staying at your house 2 a month.

Would you like 3 me in England next August? My younger brother 4 his holidays in China next summer, so you can 5 his room! But 6 be too surprised when you see it. He's crazy about football, so he has many pictures of famous football players 7 the wall. His room is very comfortable, and you will enjoy staying in it.

In his room 8 a colour TV. But it's not a big one. You can use my brother's CD player too. I 9 sure you will like England. Say 10 to everyone in your family for me. Write back soon.

Yours, Masao

( )1. A very much B. with C. for D. in ( )2. A at B. on C. for D. in

( )3. A visit B. to visiting C. visiting D. to visit ( )4. A has B. to have C. have D. will have ( )5. A use B. borrow C. stay D. live

( )6. A. don't B. won't C. mustn't D. needn't ( )7. A in B. on C. to D. up ( )8. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are ( )9. A think B. guess C. am D. will ( )10. A yes B. hello C. no D. goodbye 四．阅读理解

Americans like to go out by car. Although more and more Chinese have cars, most Chinese still like to ride






bicycles. There are some reasons for this.

As we all know, the bike goes slowly, but we can put it anywhere we like. The car runs fast, but it's often hard to find a place to park it.

Most Americans live in the suburb(郊区). It is far from the city and their working places. So they need cars to go shopping and go to work. And they also like travelling far. That's why Americans drive cars so often. On the contrary(相反), most Chinese people live near their working places and markets. They don't need a car to go to work or go shopping.

I would like to ride a bike, because it is easy to use. And a bike won't cause pollution. ( )1. Most Chinese still like to go out_______. A. by bus B. by car C. by bike D. on foot ( )2. Cars move_______ and bikes are_______.

A. fast; fast B. slowly; fast C. fast; slowly D.fast; slow ( )3. According to the passage, Americans use their cars to do the following things EXCEPT_______. A. going to work B. going shopping C. travelling D. sleeping ( )4. Why does the writer like to ride a bike? A. Because his home is not far from school. B. Because a bike is easy to use. C. Because he likes his bike.

D. Because he wants to lose weight.

答案： 一．

1. a; an 2. an;the 3. / ; the 4. a; the 5. an 6. the 7. a; The; a 8.an 9. the; / 1 0.an 二．DABBC

三．1~5. CCDDA 6~10. ABCCB 四．CDDBA

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