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一William Wordsworth 华兹华斯 (1770—1850) Wordsworth is the most representative poet of English Romanticism, chief spokesman of Romantic poetry . 1. Life: a. love nature--- “nature poet” ;b. Cambridge; c. tour to France; d. French revolution; e. Dorothy; f. The Lake District; g. friend of Coleridge; h.
conservative after revolution
2. He was born into a lawyer’s family in 1770 at Cockmouth, Cumberland. His parents died when he was very young. He was taken care of by his relatives.
He got his education at the Grammar School of Hawkshead and then at St. John’s College, Cambridge. He was a worshipper of nature from his childhood. He frequently visited places of beautiful scenery. A walking tour of the Swiss Alps heightened his addiction to nature. He had great sympathy with the French Revolution. He paid 2 visits to France, during the second visit he fell in love with Annette Vallon, who bore him a daughter. Wordsworth was totally disillusioned by the Jacobin dictatorship法国雅各宾派独裁 and the French invasion of other European countries. He became conservative in politics. He was labeled as “negative Romantic poet” by Karl Marx and was severely criticized by Byron. In 1795 he and his sister Dorothy Wordsworth settled down in Racedown, Dorsetshire. In 1797 he made friends with Coleridge. The three persons became “three people with one soul” in literary history。In 1798, Wordsworth and Coleridge published their Lyrical Ballads. !n 1798 and 1799, he made a tour around Germany. Upon his return to England, he and his sister moved to Dove Cottage in Grasmere, the most beautiful place in the Lake District. Coleridge & Robert Southey lived a stone’s throw from their dwelling place. (The three poets came to be known as Lake Poets.)In 1802, Wordsworth got married to Mary Hutchingson. In 1813, he got a sinecure job as distributor of stamps. （二}His Literary Works
1) Lyrical Ballads 《抒情歌谣集》“Lines Written in Early Spring”(“早春诗行”),
“The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” (“古舟子咏”; “老水手之行”) “Tintern Abbey” (“丁登寺”). 2)Lucy Poems 《露西组诗》 3)“I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”
“独自漫游似浮云” =“The Daffodils”“水仙” 4)“The Solitary Reaper” “孤独的收割者”5)The Prelude 《序曲》or Growth of a Poet’s Mind 6)The Excursion 《远足》，《漫游》 7) Intimations or Immortality
Lyrical Ballads 《抒情歌谣集》(1)This is a joint work of Wordsworth and his friend Coleridge.
(2)The publication of Lyrical Ballads in 1798 marks the beginning of the Romantic Movement in England.( 3)It begins with Coleridge’s long poem “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” (“古舟子咏”; “老水手之行”) and ends with Wordsworth’s “Tintern Abbey”(“丁登寺”). (4)Many of the subjects of these poems deal with elements of nature such as birds, daffodils and simple rural folk. (三) . Features of his poems. Theme
A constant theme of his poetry was the growth of the human spirit through the natural description with expressions of inward states of mind. b. Characteristics of style. His poems are characterized by a sympathy with the poor, simple peasants, and a passionate love of nature. Five of Wordsworth’s Poems：1) “The Solitary Reaper”2) “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”. 3)
“She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways”4) “My Heart Leaps Up”5) “London, 1802”
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” Theme: Through describing a scene of joyful daffodils recollected in memory, the poet hopes to put illustrate his theory of poetic inspiration ---“spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings, which originates in emotion recollected in tranquility” Image: dancing daffodils
“fluttering”, “dancing”, “tossing”, “dance”, “danced”, “dances” “sprightly”, “glee”, “gay”, “jocund”, “pleasure”
Metrical pattern: a short lyric of 4 sestets (a quatrain-couplet) of iambic tetrameter lines rhyming ababcc. 1. The Lake Poets include the following except ________. A. Robert Southey B. William Wordsworth C. Samuel Taylor Coleridge D. William Blake
2. William Wordswoth is frequently referred to as ________. A. a religious poet B. a worshipper of nature C. a modern poet D. a worshipper of beauty
3. Of the following definitions of poetry, the one which s incorrectly paired with its author is ________. A. “Poetry is the most beautiful and effective mode of saying things”—Matthew Arnold B. “Poetry—the best words in their best order”—Samuel Taylor Coleridge
C. “The record of the best and happiest moment of the happiest and best minds”—Percy Bysshe Shelley D. “The spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”—Robert Burns
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2023-02-04
