托福口语手把手教你Task4找定义

2022-04-29 11:24:39 文档大全网 [ 字体：小中大 ] [ 阅读： ]

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手把手,托福,口语,定义,Task4
托福口语手把手教你Task4找定义

Task4题型

先读一段75-100词的阅读文章，限时40-50秒钟（取决于文章内容的长短）；再听一段60-90秒的讲座，教授会举例讨论刚刚读到的内容；最后有30秒钟准备，60秒钟总结概括阅读和听力的内容。常考的学科频率依次由高到低：心理学，市场营销，生物学，社会学找定义

Task4的阅读往往节选自教科书或者百科全书，主要内容为一个学科名词的解释。通常情况下一篇75-100词的阅读文章会包含3个元素 - 背景，定义，和展开。然而读懂定义句是理解这个学科名词的关键动作，也是最终答题的核心之一。

通过观察历年真题，定义句通常有以下几种特征。 1. 在However后面

2. 在标题第一次出现的句子前后。 3. 出现了This xxx is called / known as… 比如

Scope Creep

Businesses that perform services or carry out projects for clients generally come to an agreement with their clients about the extent or scope of a project before beginning the project. However, as a project progresses, clients may ask for more than the business originally expected to provide, and the scope of the project may grow larger than intended. This phenomenon is known as scope creep, and it can cause conflict between businesses and their clients. Scope creep is especially common when the terms or conditions of the initial agreement are not clearly defined, and a client may expect more than the business had planned to provide. 在这篇阅读里，找到“However”后面的句子，即“However, as a project

progresses, … than intended.”，然后发现这也是“Scope Creep”第一次出现的上面一句话，可以确定这就是我们要找的定义句了。再比如

Mental Accounting

Although they may not realize it, people do not always manage their money in responsible way. In their minds, people tend to divide their money into different categories as if they were putting it into separate mental bank accounts. This tendency is known as mental accounting. People mentally store some money in one account to be saved, while they imagine other money being stored in another account from which money can be taken and freely spent. Mental accounting can lead people to spend more money than they should, which can make it difficult for

them to save enough money to achieve their long-term financial goals.

在这篇阅读里，没能定位到“However”，但是找到标题Mental Accounting第一次出现的句子，即“This tendency is known as mental accounting.” 看到这句话里一个指代词“This”以后，我们需要往上看一句话来搞清楚这个“This”指的是什么。所以最终定位到“In their minds, people … bank accounts.”这句话，发现这个句子里再无代词*以后，就可以直接确定这是我们要找的定义句了。

（小字号灰色斜体）考题中常见的代词有: this, that, those, these, it, a, one, another

但是我们再看这道题。

Emotional Intelligence

We often think of human intelligence as the mental ability to analyze and understand complex ideas. However, many psychologists believe that there is a different type of intelligence called emotional intelligence. People with emotional intelligence have the ability to recognize their true feelings and understand what is causing them. This ability to understand their own feelings enables them to better control their emotional responses, changing or correcting them when necessary. Emotional intelligence helps people to behave appropriately in social situations, which allow them to maintain good relationships with others.

这篇阅读我们首先定位标题“Emotional Intelligence”第一次出现的句子，发现定义句的主要成分包含代词或代词的同义词“a different type”，即可确定这句不是真正的定义句。通常情况下，需要再往下看一句话，找到”People with … causing them.”，发现这句才是“Emotional Intelligence”的真正定义。