主动表被动

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主动表被动

英语中名词、代词与动词有两种关系，一是主谓，二是动宾。For example: You read a book. You read是主谓，而read a book 则为动宾。主谓关系的用主动语态，动宾关系的若强调动作承受者时要用被动语态，非谓语动词也有主动式和被动式之分。Eg:

Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which is called the Pacific, and we met no storms.

He came to the party withought being invited.

但是有时候，明明是动宾关系，却没有用被动形式，而是用主动的形式来表达被动的意思。下面就谓语动词和非谓语动词来说明英语中主动表被动的用法。 一、谓语动词的主动表被动：

1. 当sell、 wash、 run、 ride、 read、 write、 wear 、break、 catch、 clean、 cut、 drive 、lock、 open 等带有well、easily、long等副词修饰语的时候，可以用主动的形式,而不用被动语态。Eg:

The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 The horse rides well. 这匹马很好骑。 The cloth washes easily. 这种布料很易洗。 The cloth wears long. 这种布料很耐穿。

2.表示开始结束的动词如： begin 、start 、finish、 end等可用主动表被动。Eg: Class begins.

二、非谓语动词的主动表被动： 1. –ing分词的主动表被动: 1). be (well) worth doing




This book is well worth reading. 2). need want require deserve

The window needs/wants/requires cleaning/to be cleaned. The student deserves praising/to be praised. The teacher deserves to praise the student. 2.不定式（to do）的主动表被动： 1). 反射不定式：

The question is easy to answer. (To answer the question is easy.) It is easy to answer the question.

The water is suitable to drink. (To drink the water is suitable.) The company is pleasant to deal with.

Is it a product that is cheap to produce in large quantities? 作宾语补足语的不定式也用主动表被动。Eg:

The teacher’s explanation made the text easier to understand. The teacher’s explanation made it easier to understand the text. 注意：

Do you consider it no good making the test again? It is no good making the test again.

2). 若不定式与前面的名词或代词有逻辑上的主谓关系。 I have a lot of work to do. （I do） I have a lot of work for him to do. (he does)

若与前面的名词或代词没有这种逻辑上的主谓关系，则要用被动式。Eg:

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