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5.12 Wenchuan earthquake
Seismic parameters
Time: at 14:28 on May 12, 2008 04.0 seconds Latitude: 31.0 ° N Longitude: 103.4 ° E Depth: 33 km
Richter: Richter 8.0
The greatest intensity: 11 degrees
Epicenter: Yingxiuwan town of Wenchuan County, Sichuan
Dujiangyan city, Dayi County, northwest 48 km (346 °) northwest of Chengdu 75 km (302 °)
Causes CAS researcher at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics,
the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Research Wang Wenchuan 27 pairs more familiar with regional geological structure, in early May has been Wenchuan area. He analyzed that Wenchuan earthquake occurred in the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, western Sichuan Longmenshan the center, located in Wenchuan - Timor-mao on the fault zone.Indian Ocean plate northward movement, squeezing the Eurasian plate, causing uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At the same time in the uplift of the plateau, also eastward movement, squeezing the Sichuan Basin. Sichuan Basin is a relatively stable block. Although the main looks Longmenshan tectonic activity is not strong, but the stress may be stored in the process of accumulation to a certain extent, the crust will break down, so the earthquake. The U.S. Geological Survey also released the news that the earthquake's epicenter and focal mechanisms and Longmenshan fault or a related movement of tectonic fault in line, the earthquake is a thrust to the northeast of the campaign results. From the mainland scale, Central Asia and East Asia, the seismic activity is due to the Indian Ocean plate collision of the Eurasian Plate. Southern California Earthquake Research Center, Professor Li Yonggang told Xinhua,
Longmenshan fault zone is earthquake-prone region of active faults, from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau deep eastward flow of material disruption to the Sichuan Basin, the upward movement, which both border For the fault plane. If the fault movement a few centimeters a year, once every 50 to 70 meters, the accumulation of stress and energy can be generated from a magnitude 7 earthquake above. As the source shallow, and focal mechanism for the eastward thrust of the campaign, coupled with soft soil earthquake zone, seismic waves will spread eastward very long, making far to Shanghai and Beijing and other cities have generally felt.
British Geological Survey earthquake monitoring and information service center director Brian • Bapu Di in the Xinhua News Agency reporters Dian Huacai and Fang Shiyue, from the geological structure, the earthquake and the Himalayan collision zone on, "is clearly the Northeast - to the Southwest Longmenshan fault zone in the compression of the result. " France's Institute of Geophysics, geologist Paul • Daboniye the media said about 5,000 years ago, the Indian Ocean plate drift northward, collided with the Eurasian Plate after diving to the latter below, which formed the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is still squeezed by the two plates, making the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the surrounding areas into intensive earthquake zone
State Council Notice
For the expression of the people of all nationalities of the four
Chuan Wenchuan earthquake victims compatriots deep condolences, the State Council decided in 2008, from 19 to 21 May as a national mourning. In the meantime, the national and foreign institutions Xiaban Qi Zhi Ai, and stop public recreational activities, the Foreign Ministry and China's embassies and consulates set up condolence book. At 14:28 on May 19, people across the country and observe silence for three minutes, then cars, trains, ships whistle, air defense alarm is ringing. Earthquakes strike suddenly, violently and without warning. Identifying potential hazards ahead of time and advance planning can reduce the dangers of serious injury or loss of life from an earthquake. Repairing deep plaster cracks in ceilings and foundations, anchoring overhead lighting fixtures to the ceiling, and following local seismic building standards, will help reduce the impact of earthquakes.
Six Ways to Plan Ahead
1. Check for Hazards in the Home
o
Repair defective electrical wiring and leaky gas connections.
These are potential fire risks. o Secure a water heater by strapping it to the wall studs and
bolting it to the floor. o
o
Store weed killers, pesticides, and flammable products securely
in closed cabinets with latches and on bottom shelves.
2. Identify Safe Places Indoors and Outdoors
o o
Under sturdy furniture such as a heavy desk or table. Against an inside wall.
o In the open, away from buildings, trees, telephone and electrical lines, overpasses, or elevated expressways.
3. Educate Yourself and Family Members
o
Contact your local emergency management office or American Red Cross chapter for more information on earthquakes. Also read the "How-To Series" for information on how to protect your property from
earthquakes. o Teach children how and when to call 9-1-1, police, or fire
department and which radio station to tune to for emergency
information.
o
Teach all family members how and when to turn off gas, electricity, and water.
4. Have Disaster Supplies on Hand
o o o o o o
Flashlight and extra batteries.
Portable battery-operated radio and extra batteries. Nonelectric can opener. Essential medicines. Cash and credit cards. Sturdy shoes.
5. Develop an Emergency Communication Plan
o
In case family members are separated from one another during an earthquake (a real possibility during the day when adults are at work and children are at school), develop a plan for reuniting after
the disaster. o Ask an out-of-state relative or friend to serve as the "family
contact." After a disaster, it's often easier to call long distance. Make sure everyone in the family knows the name, address, and phone
number of the contact person.
6. Help Your Community Get Ready
o
Publish a special section in your local newspaper with emergency information on earthquakes. Localize the information by printing the phone numbers of local emergency services offices, the American
Red Cross, and hospitals. o Conduct a week-long series on locating hazards in the home.
o o
Provide tips on conducting earthquake drills in the home.
Interview representatives of the gas, electric, and
water companies about shutting off utilities.
本文来源：https://www.wddqxz.cn/f2f9c14569eae009581becfd.html
2022-05-06
