北京-天安门英文导游词

2023-01-23 03:02:15 文档大全网 [ 字体：小中大 ] [ 阅读： ]

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北京-天安门英文导游词

Tian＇

anmen(theGateofHeavenlyPeace),islocatedinthecenterofBeijing.Itwasfirstbuiltin1417andnamedChengtianmen(theGateofHeavenlySuccession).AttheendoftheMingDynasty,itwasseriouslydamagedbywar.WhenitwasrebuiltundertheQingin1651,itwasrenamedTian＇

anmen,andservedasthemainentrancetotheImperialCity,theadministrativeandresidentialquartersforcourtofficialsandretainers.ThesouthernsectionsoftheImperialCitywallstillstandonbothsidesoftheGate.Thetoweratthetopofthegateisnine-roomwideandfive–

roomdeep.AccordingtotheBookofChanges,thetwonumbersnineandfive,whencombined,symbolizethesupremestatusofasovereign.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,Tian＇

anmenwastheplacewherestateceremoniestookplace.Themostimportantoneofthemwastheissuingofimperialedicts,whichfollowedthesesteps:1)TheMinisterofRiteswouldreceivetheedictinTaihedian(HallofSupremeHarmony),wheretheEmperorwasholdinghiscourt.Theministerwouldthencarrythedecreeonayunpan(trayofcloud),andwithdrawfromthehallviaTaihemen(GateofsupremeHarmony)2)TheMinisterwouldputthetrayinaminiaturelongting(dragonpavilion).BeneathayellowumbrellaandcarryitviaWumen(MeridianGate),toTian＇

anmenGatetower.3)Acourtierwouldbeinvestedtoproclaimtheedict.Thecivilandmilitaryofficialsliningbothsidesofthegatewaybeneaththetowerwouldprostratethemselvesinthedirectionoftheemperorinwaitingforthedecreetotheproclaimed.4)Thecourtierwouldthenputtheedictinaphoenix-shapedwoodenboxandloweritfromthetowerbymeansofasilkcord.ThedocumentwouldfinallybecarriedinasimilartrayofcloudunderayellowumbrellatotheMinistryofRites.5)Theedict,copiedonyellowpaper,wouldbemadeknowntothewholecountry.Suchaprocesswashistoricallyrecordedas"ImperialEdictIssuedbyGoldenPhoenix".DuringtheMingandQingdynastiesTian＇

anmenwasthemostimportantpassage.ItwasthisgatethattheEmperorandhisretinuewouldgothroughontheirwaytothealtarsforritualandreligiousactivities.OntheWestsideofTian＇anmenstandsZhongshanPark(Dr.SunYat-sen＇sPark),andontheeastside,theWorkingPeople＇

sCulturalPalace.TheParkwasformerlycalledShejitan(AltarofLandandGrain),builtin1420forofferingsacrificialitemstotheGodofLand.Itwasopenedtothepublicasaparkin1914anditsnamewaschangedin1928tothepresentoneinmemoryofthegreatpioneeroftheChineseDemocraticRevolution.TheWorkingPeople＇

sCulturalPalaceusedtobeTaimiao(theSupremeAncestralTemple),wheretabletsofthedeceaseddynasticrulerswerekept.ThestreaminfrontofTian＇anmeniscalledWaijinshuihe(OuterGoldenRiver),withsevenmarblebridgessp