由英语单词后缀判定词性

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词性,英语,后缀,判定,单词
英语单词后缀判定词性



后缀是一种重要的构词法,通过后缀常常可以判断出一个词的词性。一个英语单词可以分为三个部分:前缀(prefix,词根(stem)及后缀(suffix。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀。前缀,可以改变单词的意思。在语言学里,后缀,又称词尾,是一种后置于其他词素后的词缀。

后缀-名词解释 英语为例:establish(动词)+ -ment(后缀)> establishment(名词)借由后缀 -ment 的使用,使原本的动词词素转为名词,为语言的衍生,是后缀的一种用途

后缀-名词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1-ster-eer-eror)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity例词:gamestergangstersongsterengineerprofiteermountaineerauctioneerdriverteacherdirectoractorprofessor

2-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(smallunimportant things)例词:bookletleafletstarlet

3-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词: usherette

4-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actresspoetesshostesspaintress 5-hood意为:时期(statusetc)例词:boyhoodchildhoodmanhood 6-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等skillstateconditionstatusquality例词:leadershipfriendshipmembershiplectureshipsportsmanship 7-ful意为:the amount which noun contains例词:cupfulhandful mouthfulspoonful 8-tion-ion意为:1状态,行动等stateactionetc例词:actionoppressionpossessioneducationstarva- tion 2机构等institutionetc例词: organizationfoundation

9-ment意为:状态,行动等state actionetc例词:movementenslavementpavement

10-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrivalrefusalrevivalrecitalremoval 11-age意为:程度,数量等(extent amountetc)例词:wastagecoverage acreageshrinkagebreakagehostage9

12-ness-ityty)意为:状态,品质(statequalityetc)例词:happiness usefulnessselfishnesskindnessrapidityactivitysanitychangeability 13-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine ofpractice of)例词:idealism impressionismabsenteeismracism

后缀-动词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下: 1-ify意为:转为,变为to turn intoto make or become例词:beautify diversifysimplify


2-ize-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become to make into)例词:modernizepopularizelegalizehospitalizesymbolizeripenwidenheightenthreaten

3-ate意为:增加,使……听写(give or addmake or become)例词:originate hydrogenatevalidatedifferentiate

后缀-形容词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下: 1-ful意为:充满,有(full ofhav- inggivingetc)例词:usefulpitiful hopefulcareful,helpfulforgetfulthankful fearful

2-less意为:没有,无(withoutnot giving)例词:speechlesschildlessharmlesshopelessmeaningless homeless

3-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastlymanly brotherlyfriendly

4-like意为:像……的(like)例词: childlikestatesmanliketiger-like 5-y-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meatysandy silkyhairyleafywateryfoolishgirlishblackishthinnish

6-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(likecausing having the quality of)例词:troublesomeburdensomewholesometiresomebothersome 7-ableible意为:能……的;可以……的able to be capable例词: changeablerealiable,readabledrinkablecomfortableexpansibleconvincible 8-ed意为:有……的havingetc例词:woodedpointedmoneyed odd-shaped 9-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature oftypical of)例词:culturalpersonalregionalmusical

10-aryory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging toconnected with例词:revolutionaryimaginary contradictory

11-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full ofhaving the quality oflike)例词:gloriouserroneousmaliciousgracious 12-icical意为:……类的;属于……的typical ofbelonging to例词: historichistoricalmethodicmethodicaldramaticheroic

13-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality ofgiven or tending to例词:attractive talkativerestrictivedefensivepreventiveconstructivesensitive

后缀-副词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manneretc 例词:happily boldlyattentive- lystrangely

2-wards)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement例词:onwardsbackwardsearthwardshomewardseastwards 3-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwiseclockwise2就……而言(asfar as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise educationwise 4.ly后缀结尾的副词,比较级都是+more,如more carefullymore useful最高级+most most carefullymost useful


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