【#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《替代词so与not的用法》,欢迎阅读!
替代词so与not的用法
so与not可以用来代替上文出现过的句子的一部分或整个分句,以免重复。一般有以下几种情况: 一、一些表示婉转口气的词语,如: expect, hope, guess, fear, be afraid, think, suppose, believe等与so或not搭配。例如:
1. “Is it going to rain tomorrow?” “I am afraid so.” “明天会下雨吗?” “恐怕会的。” 这里的so=that it is going to rain tomorrow
2. “Is she married?” “I guess not.” “她结婚了吗?” “我想没有。” 这里的not=that she is not married
这些动词与替代词连用时,肯定形式都用so; ①而否定形式expect, hope, guess, fear, be afraid用not, 即I expect so.(肯定) ②I expect not.(否定) think用其否定形式加so, 即I don’t think so. ③suppose和believe有两种形式,即I don’t believe so.=I believe not.
二、一些表示肯定或怀疑口气的词语,如: be sure, know, doubt等后面不能用替代词so或not.例如: “Are the teachers coming to the party?” “I’m sure they are.”或 “I doubt if they are.” 不能说“I’m sure so/not.”或“I doubt so/not.”
三、so也可以放在答语的句首,表示同意或证实对方的说法。例如: 1. “Mary is leaving for Shanghai.” “Yes, so I heard.” “玛丽要去上海。” “是的,我也听说了。”
2. “It’s going to be a cold winter.” “Yes, so the newspaper says.” “今年的冬天将会很冷。” “是的,报纸上也这么说。” 以上的这一用法没有否定形式。
四、say与tell后面用so一般表示说话的权威性或为什么应相信这些话,而not一般不这样用。例如:
1. “Tom is suffering from cancer. Dr. Smith said so.” “Tom患了癌症,Smith医生这么说的。”
2. “How do you know that he is leaving soon?” “He told me so.” “你怎么知道他不久要走的?” “他对我这么说的。”
I told you so.这一句子含有“我警告过你,但你不听。”之意。另外,其它表示“话语”的动词后面不能用so,而要用to。例如:
“Is he going to help you?” “Yes, he promised to.” “他打算帮你吗?” “是的,他答应的。”
五、与if搭配,构成无动词分句if so和if not。例如:
We are told Mr. Li will come tonight, and if so, our meeting will be held tomorrow. If not, there won’t be any meeting.
“有人告诉我们李先生今晚要来,如果来的话,我们明天就开会,但如果不来的话,明天就不开会。” (if so=if he comes tonight. if not = if he doesn’t come tonight.)
六、分词替代代词not可以与perhaps, possibly, probably, certainly, surely等表示情态的副词搭配,构成某些缩略句。而so通常不能这样用。例如:
“Will you waste your time and money on that?” “你会把时间和金钱浪费在那上面吗?” “Certainly not.=Certainly I will not do it.” “当然不。”
七、分句替代词not还可以与why搭配,构成缩略问句why not。例如: “I didn’t stop him.” “Why not=Why didn’t you stop him?” “我没有拦住他。” “为什么不?”
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