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“that”用法知多少
作者:程秀梅
来源:《中学教学参考·语英版》2011年第12期
单词 that 在英语中用法很是普遍, 在高考中也是重点考查的对象, 因此有必要在此做一下小结, 以便于学生们对其有个清晰的了解。下面我从六个方面对其进行总结。 1. that 可用作指示代词, 指时间或空间较远的人或物,意为“那个”。例如 ①Who’s that boy over there? (那边那个小男孩是谁? 指人 ②What’s that? (那是什么? 指物
2. that 可用作替代词, that = the + 单数名词(不可数名词),其作用是避免重复出现前面的名词。 后面通常要有介词短语作限制定语。例如 ①
②The book on the desk is more interesting than th 3. that 可作副词用, 相当于so ,意为 “那么”。例如
I have never seen that foolish a man. ( 我从来没见过那么愚蠢的一个人。 这里, that 可以用so 替代。
4. that可用作关系代词, 引导定语从句, 既可指人也可指物,在从句中可作主语、表语、宾语或状语。例如:
①This is the boy that/who saved Jane. (that 指人,在从句中作主语
②The book that he is reading was borrowed from the library. ( that 指物,在从句中作宾语 ③He is not the one that he used to be. (that 指人,在从句中作表语
④I don’t like the way that you speak to your mother. (that 指方式, 在从句中作状语,可用in which 替代
5. that可用作连词,引导名词性从句。that 在从句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用。例如:
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①That he failed the exam made his parents disappointed. (that 引导主语从句,在从句中不作句子成分,无意义,不可省略
②The reason why he was late was that he got up late. ( that 引导表语从句,不作句子成分,无意义,不可省略
③I don’t believe that he has gone abroad. (that 引导宾语从句,在从句中常常省略 ④There is no doubt that he is right. (that 引导同位语从句,通常不省略 6. that可用作从属连词,引导状语从句。例如:
①I am glad that he has admitted the mistake. (that 引导原因状语从句
②He is so nice a boy that every teacher like him. (that 引导结果状语从句
综上所述,看似简单的that 在实际应用中非常复杂,可在句子中起到很重要的作用,尤其是that用作替代词及引导从句都是常考语法项目。
(责任编辑周侯辰)
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