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Tian`anmen Square Today
Hellow, everyone. Today, we will visit Tian`anmen Square.
Tian`anmen Square is located on the south of Tian`anmen Rostrum, 880 meters long from north to south and 500 mesters wide from east to west, which carved an area of 44 hectares. Tian`anmen Square is the largest city center square in the world. The square has witnessed many historical event, such as: “ The May fouth Movement in 1919, The December ninth Student`s Movement in 1935, and so on”. The most important event that took place here was on October first 1949. Our late Chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed to the whole world the fouding of the People`s Republic of China. That is why, even today, we still can see Chairman Mao`s portrait is hung above the central entrance. The first one was drawn by Zhou Lingzhao. Now the portrait was drawn by Ge Xiaoguang. There are two slogans on each side. The one on the west is “Long Live the People`s Republic of Chian”, the other one on the east is “Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. In the center, between the double eaves, is the National Emblem, which is composed of Tian`anmen, the Nation flag with five stars, a mechanical gear, stalks of wheat and rice and red ribbons. It was designed by Liang Sicheng.
Tian`anmen Rostrum was opened to the public on Jannuary first 1988. At that time was also called the year of the dragon. Now, let `s see Tian`anmen Square.
There are many building built on Tian`anmen Square, Such as “The Great Hall of the People to the west, The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution to the east, and the Monument to the People`s Herose is standing in the center. The Chairman Mao`s Mausoleum is stand behind it.
In front of Tian`anmen Square is Chang`an Avenue, this street is the main road from Tong Zhou District in east, to Shi Jingshan District in the west. It is 46 kilometers long and 70 meters wide.
In the center of the square is the National Flagpole, made of 4 seamless steel tubes, 32.6 meters high and 7 tons in weight. The bright and red national flag with five yellow starts. It was designed by Mr.Zeng Liansong. The big yellow star in the center represents the Communist Party of China and the four smaller ones symbolize the common people surrouding the Communist Party of Chian. The National Flag was first raised by Chairman Mao Zendong on October first 1949, when from Tian`anmen Rostrum, he proclaimed the founding of the People`s Republic of China.
Since May first in 1991, we have the flag-raising ceremony morning at sunrise when the sun rises above the horizon,and we also have the flag lowering ceremony every day at sun set. During the ceremony, 36 guards of honor hold the ceremony accompanied by National Anthem played on tape. Only the first day in every month there are 36 guards of honor with 60 military band guards, making up 96 guards altogether, march 138 steps along the north-south axis. The whole process takes two minutes and seven second. The number 96 signifies the territory of China, which has 9.6 million square kilometers in area.
In the center of Tian`anmen Square stands the Monument to the People`s Herose.
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On September thirty in 1949, the decision was made by the Chinese Government to built the monument on Tian`anmen Square. And then at 6:00 P.M. that afternoon, Chairman Mao and other delegates laid the corner stone for the monument. The construction began in 1952 and was complete in 1958.
The monument is 38 meters high with 17,000 pieces of granite and white marble on the base. The obelisk itself was brought from Qing Dao, Shan Dong Province. It is 14.7 meters high consisting of 413 pieces of granite.
On the front side of the monument , there is an engrande inscripition in chinese characters written by Our late Chairman Mao Zedong “Eternal Glory to the People`s Herose !” On the back of the monument is an article also writen by Chairman Mao, but the calligraphy was written by our late Premier Zhou Enlai.
Under the obelisk are the two layered bases of the monument. The upper layer is cavered with flowers. The bottom layer of the monument is inlaid with eight big pieces of white marble relieves carved out of white marble, showing the chinese history events since 1840:
The Burning of Opium in 1840; The Jintian Uprising in Guangxi of 1851; The Wuchang Uprising in Hubei of 1911; The May fouth Movement of 1919; The May thirty Movement of 1925; The Nanchang Uprising in Jiangxi of 1927; The war of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression from 1973 to 1945; Successful Crossing of the Yangtze River by the People`s liberation Armyin 1949. There are two smaller onces flanked on both sides of this relief “Supplying the Front” and “Greeting the P.L.A”.
On the southen part of the Mounment to the People`s Herose is Chairman Mao`s Mausoleum. It was first built in 1977. Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People`s Republic of Chian and Chairman of the Communist Party of Chian, was born on December 26th 1893, in Hunan Province. He passed away in Beijing on September 9th 1976, at the age of 83.
There are three main halls inside the mausoleum. Now, let`s visit the North Hall. In the North Hall, we can see a white marble statue of Chairman Mao placed on the platform. Behind the statue is the wooden tapestry with beautiful of our country.
The central hall is the main hall of the mausoleum. In the center of the hall, there is a crystal coffin in which Chairman Mao`s body lies with the red flag of the Chinese Communist Party covering over him. There are 17 gilded chinese characters on the front wall, which read “Eternal Glory to the Great Leader and Teacther Chairman Mao Zedong”.
In the South Hall, we can see a poem inscribed on the wall and writed by Chairman Mao, entitled Man Jianghong.
On the west side of Tian`anmen Square is the Great Hall of the People. The construction of the Great Hall of the People started at the end of October 1958, and was completed in 1959 within only 10 months. The building consists of three parts “ The 10,000-seat Grand Auditiorium; The Banquet Hall with a seating capcity of 5,000 and the officies for the standing Committee of the National People`s congress and thirty-four Reception Halls.
The grand auditorium in the center has a floor speac of 4500 square meters.
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本文来源：https://www.wddqxz.cn/be78018ab80d4a7302768e9951e79b8969026845.html
2023-02-22
