to do做宾语

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动词不定式作宾语

适用学科 适用区域 知识点 教学目标

用解决相关练习题。

英语 全国

适用年级 课时时长（分钟）

九年级 60（一对一）

动词不定式作宾语的三种形式和用于动词不定式作宾语的高频动词。

掌握动词不定式作宾语的三种形式和用于动词不定式作宾语的高频动词；并能熟练运

教学重点 教学难点

动词不定式作宾语的三种形式。 用于动词不定式作宾语的高频动词。




教学过程

一、课堂导入

回顾学过的可以后跟动词不定式的动词，并造句，然后划分句子结构，观察动词不定式在句中的成分，从而引出本节课的知识点：动词不定式作宾语。








二、复习预习

1、回顾上节课所讲知识点，并提出自己本节课准备的问题。 2、讲解上节课e学大的线上作业，并进行总结。






三、知识讲解

考点1 动词+ 不定式

afford，aim，appear，agree，arrange，ask，be，decide，bother，care，choose，come，dare，demand，desire，determine，expect，elect，endeavor，hope，fail，happen，help，hesitate，learn，long，mean，manage，offer，ought，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，seem，tend，wait，wish，undertake.

举例：The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。








考点2

动词+不定式；动词+宾语+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish„ 举例：I like to keep everything tidy.我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。 I like you to keep everything tidy.我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。 I want to speak to Tom.我想和汤姆谈话。 I want you to speak to Tom.我想让你和汤姆谈话。




考点3 动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell 举例：Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy. 有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。 注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。




考点4

以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。

agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare, pretend,promise,refuse,wish 等，这些词大部分可接that引导的从句。 举例：I decided to ask for my money back.

I decided that I would ask for my money back. 我决定把我的钱要回来。

When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to start back on foot.

When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot. 当我们参观完农场后，我们希望步行返回。




考点5

当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。

举例：We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well. 我们认为，对于我们来说学好外语是非常重要的。

He feels it his duty to help the poor. 他感觉帮助穷人是他的职责。






四、例题精析

【例题1】

–Mum, can I have something ________?

–Oh, dear. You can only drink some water. There is ________ in the kitchen. A. to drink; nothing else B. drinking; something else C. to eat; something else D. eating; nothing else 【答案】A

【解析】不定式作定语修饰名词或代词时要放在后面，先排除B、D二项；由关键信息“You can only drink some water.”可舍C，选A。






【例题2】



Please don’t forget ________ the room while I am away in Beijing.

A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned D. cleaning 【答案】B

【解析】forget to do sth.表示“忘记将要做某事”，而forget doing sth.表示“忘记做过某事”，结合题意“当我离开去北京时不要忘记打扫房子”可排除A、C、D三项，选B。






【例题3】

The woman made his son ________ finally after she told him some jokes. A. laughed B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughing 【答案】C

【解析】make sb. do sth.表示“使某人做某事”，do为省略to的动词不定式，故正确答案为





C。


五、课堂运用

【基础】

1、More and more young people are trying to do something ________ the old. A. served B. to serve C. serve D. Serves 【答案】B

【解析】结合题意“越来越多的年轻人正尽力做为老年人服务的事情”可知要用动词不定式作定语，故排除A、C、D三项，选B。






2、The teacher asked Ben _______ a difficult question in class. A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered 【答案】C

【解析】考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。由关键信息故正确答案为C。



asked Ben可联想到ask sb. to do sth.句式，


3、-Have you made up your mind ______ the sick kids? -By singing songs.

A. what to tell B. how to cheer up C. when to help D. where to look after 【答案】B

【解析】考查“疑问词+不定式”在具体语境中的运用。四个选项分别意为“说什么”、“如何振作起来”、“什么时候帮助”、“在哪里照看”，结合题意“你决定如何使生病的小孩高兴起来了吗”“通过唱歌”可排除A、C、D三项，选B。








【巩固】

1 、Don’t you think _______ important to protect our earth? A. that B. How C. It D. this 【答案】C

【解析】考查it作形式宾语。分析题干可知这里要用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to protect our earth，其中important在句中作宾语补足语，故正确答案为C。








2、She was supposed _______ in hospital, but people found her in the office. A. to lie B. lying C. lie D. lies 【答案】A

【解析】be supposed to do sth.表示“应该做某事”，由关键信息三项，故选A。



was supposed可排除B、C、D


3、Let’s _______ play in the street. Father tells me ________ do so. A. not to, not to B. not, not to C. don’t, to not D. not to, don’t 【答案】B

【解析】Let’s (not) do sth.和ask sb. (not) to do sth.中的do(省略to的动词不定式)和to do都用作宾语补足语，故排除A、C、D三项，选B。






【拔高】

1、-It’s raining hard outside. You’d better ________.

-OK.

A.to go out B. going out C. not to go out D. not go out 【答案】D

【解析】考查省略to的动词不定式。“You’d better not do sth.”意为“最好不要做某事”，其后跟动词原形，故选D。








2、She was surprised ________ me last night. A. to see B. see C. saw 【答案】A

【解析】be surprised to do sth.表示“很惊讶做某事”。










3、“It’s cold outside.” “Why ________ stay at home?” A. not you B. not to C. not 【答案】C

【解析】why not后面接动词原形，即省略to的动词不定式。






课程小结

本节课学习了动词不定式作宾语的相关知识点，重点需要掌握动词不定式作宾语的几种形式和可以用于动词不定式作宾语的高频动词，并且需要熟练运用所讲知识点解答相关练习题。

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