定语从句的用法并翻译例句

2023-04-28 13:05:16   文档大全网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ]

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从句,定语,例句,用法,翻译
一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中,修饰某一名词代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词常见的关

系代词包括thatwhichwho(宾格whom所有格whose等,关系副词包括wherewhenwhy等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为:限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句

四、关系代词的用法 1. that 用于指人或指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.that作主语) 译:_____________________________________________________________ The coatthatI put on the desk is blue.that作宾语) 译:_____________________________________________________________ 用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.作主语) 译:_____________________________________________________________ The filmwhichwe saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语) 译:_____________________________________________________________ whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom 也可省略。

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.(作主语) 译:_____________________________________________________________ Who is the teacherwhomLi Ming is talking to?(作宾语) 译:_____________________________________________________________

【注意】

1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,whothatwhich可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。 This is the house in which we lived last year.

译:_____________________________________________________________ 2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。


This is the person whom you are looking for.

译:_____________________________________________________________ 3that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。 The city that she lives in is very far away.

译:_____________________________________________________________ 4)关系词只能用that的情况:

a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.

He was the first person that passed the exam.

译:_____________________________________________________________

b.被修饰的先行词为all any much many everything anything none the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop

译:_____________________________________________________________

c.先行词被the only the very the same the last little few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.

This is the same bike that I lost.

译:_____________________________________________________________ d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that 而不用which.

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

译:_____________________________________________________________ e.whowhich引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that. Who is the girl that is crying

译:_____________________________________________________________ f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which. There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.

译:_____________________________________________________________


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