被动语态

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被动语态

由系动词be+动词过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来 1. 一般现在时: People make history.

History is made by the people.

2. 一般过去时：They completed the building last year. When was the building completed? 3. 一般将来时：will +be+过去分词（done）

They will not allow you to take so much luggage with you. You will not be allowed to take so much luggage with you. 4. 现在进行时：They are building a new railway. A new railway is being built. 5. 过去进行时：They were widening the roads. The roads were being widened.

6．现在完成时：have/has+been+过去分词（done）

They have redesigned the aircraft.

The aircraft has been redesigned. 7. 过去完成时：had+been+过去分词（done）

The factory had reduced production costs. Production costs had been reduced.

8.含情态动词的被动语态：can/could be +过去分词（能够被做） must be+过去分词 （一定被做） may/might be+过去分词 （可能被做）

must have been+过去分词 （一定已经被做完，对发

生完的事情的判断）

can not have been+过去分词 （没有被做完） may have been+过去分词（可能已经被做完了） Eg. Your watch can be repaired.

He asked how the video could be operated. This new car must be tested. Cars must not be parked here.

被动语态除常用be加过去分词外，还可用get加过去分词（用于口语中）。 Eg. Hundreds of people get killed every year by traffic on the

road.

The boy got hurt on his way to school.

主+谓+复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）变为被动结构时，只将主动结构中的宾 语变为被动结构中的主语，宾语补足语不变。 Eg. They chose Harry captain.


Harry was chosen captain.

Eg. We asked the teacher to explain the difficult sentence

again.

The teacher was asked to explain the difficult sentence

again.



We found him lying on the floor. He was found lying on the floor. 以下情况中，主动句一般不能变为被动句。

1） 谓语为不及物动词

Eg. The puppy died.

2) 以下及物动词 leave,enter,reach,resemble,become,suit,benefit,lack

等

3) 不可拆开的短语 例如：take place; lose heart; change color; belong

to; consist of





（lesson58）

①有些动词置于被动语态后，可采用两种形式：

1) to 不定式即：be done to… 2) that 从句即：it is said that

这两种形式通常没有意义上的差别，但由于不定式结构更为简单，所以经常用不定式。

Eg. People say that he is a genius. He is said to be a genius. It is said that he is a genius. ②当一个动词带有双宾语时，两个宾语中的任何一个都可做被动语态的主语，但间接宾语做主语较为常见。

Eg. The manager offered the vacant post to him.

He was offered the vacant post. (间接宾语做主语) The vacant post was offered to him.

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