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（一）在初中英语中，出现了have sth done，have sb do sth 与 have sb/ sth doing 三种结构，不少同学对这些结构区分不清，把握不准。本文拟对这三种结构作一简单的分析和归纳，供同学们学习时参考。
一、 have sth done
“ have + sth （宾语）+ 过去分词（宾语补足语）”意为“让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事”。宾语sth 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。例如： We had the machine mended just now. 我们刚才请人把机器修好了。
He has had his hair cut. 他（请人给他）理发了。
The patient is going to have his temperature taken. 这个病人准备请、让人量体温。 二、 have sb do sth
“ have + sb （宾语）+ do sth （宾语补足语）”意为“让 / 叫 / 使某人做某事”。此结构中的 have 是使役动词，sb 作宾语，其后的 do sth 是省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如： The boss often has them work for 14 hours a day.
老板经常要他们一天工作14 个小时。
I’ll have someone repair the bike for you. 我会让人为你修理自行车的。
Don’t forget to have Mr Brown come to our party. （ = Don’t forget to ask / invite Mr Brown to come to our party. ） 别忘了让布朗先生来参加我们的晚会。
三、 have sb / sth doing
“ have +sb / sth （宾语）+ 现在分词（宾语补足语）”意为“叫 / 让 / 使某人做某事或让某种情况发生”。宾语 sb/sth 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行。
例如： Don’t have the baby crying！ 不要让婴儿啼哭！
Don’t have the dog barking much，Lilin. 李林，别让狗狂吠不停。 You’d better have your car running slowly. 你最好把车子开慢点。
比较下面的句子： [注意主语] Are you going to Beijing
Do you have anything to take to your son 你要去北京吗
你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗
I’m going to Beijing next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 我下个星期要去北京， 我随身要带很多东西去。
I’m going to Beijing next week.
Do you have anything to be taken to your son [被动] 我下个星期要去北京， 你有什么东西要带给你儿子的吗 （二）
下面我们从例句中来分辨它们。
I have a lot of homework to do. --->我有很多作业要做。 --->have最基本的意思：“有”
换一种说法：I will have my homework done. --->我要让作业被完成。 --->have在这里称作“使役动词”即“使，让”的意思
have sth done/ have sb(sth) do/ have sb(sth) doing 三个结构中have都是使役动词。 have sth done中sth 与其后动词构成被动关系，让...被做
I'll have these letters typed. 我需要有人打印一下这些信件（被别人） She is having her eyes tested. 她正在让人给眼睛验光。
have sth/sb doing中sth 与其后动词是主动关系，并保持做某事的状态，让...一直做... He had had me waiting for an hour. 他让我等了一个小时。 Don't have the horse running all the time. 不要让马儿跑个不停。 EXAMPLES：
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2023-02-17
