短语动词

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短语动词

英语中一些常用动词常可以与某些介词、副词或其他词构成意义不同的习语（idioms）。例如：look at (看，考虑)，look after (照料), look for (寻找), look into (调查)， look over (检查，忽略)，look out (当心) 、watch out (当心) put on (穿上)、take off( 脱掉、起飞、成名)、 hand in (上交) 、 look up (查看)，look down (轻视)，look forward to (期望)、put aside (把什么放置在....；存储、储蓄) 、set up (建立)等。这些组合一般只作为一个整体使用，因此被称为短语动词。 1． 动词+介词（Verb + preposition）

这类短语动词的宾语不论是名词还是人称代词，都要放在短语动词的后面。 归纳拓展：

类似短语动词——

add to增加agree with同意(某人意见) agree to同意(建议等) agree on(共同)同意 arrive at／in到达ask for索要 begin with从……开始 belong to属于 believe in信任 bring in引进 bring about带来 break into破门而入 come across(偶然)遇到 come to总计；达到 call for需要；约请call on／at访问 care for喜爱 change into变成 connect to连接depend on依靠 deal with处理 die of／from死于 dream of梦想 date from始于 escape from逃离 feel like想要 fight against反抗 feed on以……为食 fire at朝……开火 get to到达 go against反对；违背 go with与……相配 go over检查；复习 hear of／about听说 hear from收到……来信 insist on坚持 join in加入 join to连接 knock at／on敲(门) live on以……为主食learn from 向……学习 lead to通向；导致look after照顾 look into调查 look through审核;查阅 play with玩耍 pay for支付 quarrel with与……争吵 shout at向……吼叫 shoot at向……射击 stare at(惊奇地)看 suffer from遭受……的痛苦 send for派人去请 stick to坚持 succeed in(在……方面)成功 think of认为；想起 think about考虑 throw at向……投掷take after与……相像vote for投票同意 vote against投票反对 worry about担心；忧虑 work on从事 watch over监视

ask about, come from/into, care for/about, complain about, end with, fall into/off/behind/over,

fill in, go around/along/down/ up/across, graduate from, jump into/onto, look at/like/for/into/around, listen to, leave for, laugh at, make up, move towards/around, point at/to, run past/after, sail across, set up, speak to, study about, smell like, step into/onto, start with, talk to/with/about, touch/taste like, trek through, travel/turn around, wait for, write to, walk up/ down along, add…to, ask…for/about, buy/ borrow…from, fill… with, get/receive… from, help…with, know… about, knock…into, keep…from, learn…from, leave…for, put…in/on/into, pour…into, pay…for, prefer…to, prevent…from, regard…as, rob…of, remind…of, steal…from, sell…to, stop…from, spill over, thank…for. tell…about. throw…into/onto/to/at, tie…to take…into, translate…into, treat…as, warn…about/of/against, write…about 2 。动词+副词（Verb + adverb） 这类短语动词，有的相当于一个及物动词。例如： --to turn up the radio (把收音机开大)；这类短语动词相当于及物动词时，若宾语为名词，一般既可放在短语动词之后，也可放在动词和副词之间。若短语动词的直接宾语为代词，则位于动词与副词之间。 类似短语动词——

blow away吹走；刮走 breakdown分解 breakup分解；拆散 break off折断 bring down降低 bring up哺育 burn down烧毁 call back回电话 call in召集call off取消 cut off切断 cut up切碎 carry on进行 carry out执行 check out查明 eat up吃光 end up 结束fall down 摔倒 fix up安顿；修理 give back归还give up 放弃 go on 继续 give off发出 give out分发 get down


落下 hand in递交 hand out分发 hand down把……传下去 hold out伸出 hold up阻挡 have on穿戴 join up把……联合起来 keep up保持 keep off离开 keep back留下 look over检查 look up查找 made up组成 open up开创 pick out 挑选 put on穿上；上演 put down记下 put up建起 put away收拾起 put out扑灭put off推迟 pick up接收；拾起 pick out挑出 pay back偿还 pay off偿清 point out指出 ring up打电话给…… sell out售完 see off送行 set up建立 show off炫耀 think over考虑 take away拿走 take up占据 take off脱掉 throw away扔掉turn on打开 turn off关掉 turn up拧大声音 turn down拧小声音；拒绝 turn over翻动 wash away冲垮 use up用完 work out计算出；解决 wake up 醒来

break off/down, cheer up, come in/on/out/back/over/up/

along/down, dress up climb up/down, fall behind, get up/down /out/back/together/on/off, go out/ away/back/on, grow up, give up, hang out, hold on, hurry up/off, look around/out/up, live on, run away; rush out, sit down, stand up, slow down, stay up, take off, show up/off turn round, walk around/past/ away, bring up/back, blow away, drop off, carry back, cut down, cheer up, clean up/out, check out, eat up, find out, get back/off/on, give back/up/away/out, go over, have back, help out, hold straight, hand out, knock in, keep off, look up/over, move away, open up, put on/ away/down/up, slow down, shut down, send up, take away/back/off/out, trip over, try out/on, write down/out, wear out. etc



3. “动词+副词+介词 类似短语动词--

break away from脱离 catch up with赶上 do well in在……做得好 drop in on／at(顺便)访问 go on with继续 get down to 开始认真做…… get close to接近 1ook down upon轻视 look forward to盼望 run out of用完 work hard at努力做come out of, come late for, get out of, get on with, jump out of, look out of, pull out of, pull up from, speak highly of. Say

goodbye/hello/no/yes to.



4 。动词＋名词＋介词

常见的有take care of, make use of, pay attention to, make fun of 等。这类短语动词的宾语只能放在介词后边。如：You should pay attention to your handwriting. We should make full use of our time.

Come top in, give birth to, have confidence in, make use of, make friends with, make a contribution to, make phone calls to, make room for, make one’s way to, play a joke on, show interest in, take care of, take part in. 5、动词be+形容词+介词

be away from, be angry with, be afraid of, be amazed at, be bad/good for, be busy with, be different from, be excited about, be full off, be close to, be confident of, be covered with, be filled with, be friendly to, be far from, be fed up with, be famous for, be good at/ for, be interested in, be kind of, be late for, be nice of, be made of/from/in/by, be proud of, be pleased with, be ready for, be short for, be sorry for, be sure of/ about, be surprised at, be used for/as/by, be

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