动词的变化规则(动词三单,过去式,ing形式)

2024-01-27 13:54:41   文档大全网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ]

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动词,形式,过去,变化,规则
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动词变三单

动词第三人称单数的变化规则:

①、一般情况下,词尾加s,如;like----likes, want----wants.

②、以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的加es,如,watch---watches, go---goes ③、以y结尾的归两大类:

★元音+y要加s,如play----plays ★辅音+y要变yi+esstudy---studies 动词ing变化规则

1.通常在动词后加ing。如 play→playing

2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,eing。如 make→making

3.以辅元辅结尾的动词,双写末尾字母,再加ing。如 run→running 4.ie结尾的动词,变iey,再加ing。如 lie→lying

注:travel / quarrel可双写l,也可不双写。如 travel→travelling / traveling 动词过去式变化: [1] e结尾的情况:

e结尾的动词, 直接加d: smile--smiled; hope--hoped. ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied. [2] 双辅音结尾的情况:

两个辅音字母(consonant)结尾的, 直接加ed: helped; learned. [3]两个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:

两个元音(元音字母:a,e,i,o,u)加一个辅音字母结尾的动词,直接加ed: rained; heated.

[4] 一个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况: 一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的动词:

(1) 对单音节单词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed. stopped; planned;

(2) 对双音节单词,如果重读在第一个音节处,不双写加ed. : visited(重读在vis); offered(重读在of);

(3) 对双音节单词,如果重读在第二个音节处,双写词尾辅音字母加ed. : preferred(重读在fer); admitted(重读在mit); referred; deferred; [5] y结尾的情况:

元音+y结尾动词,直接加ed: played; enjoyed. 辅音+y结尾动词,yied: worried;studied.

1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:

beginbegandrinkdrankgivegaveringrangsingsangsitsatswimswam 2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如: drivedroveriderodewritewrote 3.改动词原形中的aw owew,变成过去式。如:

drawdrewgrowgrewknowknewthrowthrew(动词show除外,showshowed 4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如: getgotforgetforgot 5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如: feedfedmeetmet

6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如: keepkeptsleepsleptsweepswept 7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如: breakbrokespeakspoke 8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如: sellsoldtelltold


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9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如: standstoodunderstandunderstood 10.以oughtaught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:

bringbroughtbuy boughtthinkthoughtcatchcaughtteachtaught

11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如: cancouldshallshouldwillwould 12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如: comecamebecomebecame 13.在动词原形后加dt变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:

hearhi heardh :d〕, sayseisaidsed〕,meanmi:nmeantment 14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:

letletmustmustputputreadreadred 15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如: amiswasarewerebuildbuiltdodideatatefallfellfeelfeltfindfoundflyflewgowenthave has hadholdheldleaveleftmakemademaymightrunranseesawtaketook 名词复数变化规则

一、可数名词都有单数和复数之分。

A: 规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:

1.一般情况加 s book-- books 2. s sh ch x结尾的加 es class--- classes box----boxes match----matches

3.辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y ies city---cities country----countries

4. o 结尾的词 +es的只有以下词 heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos) 5.f fe 结尾的 ffev +es

thief wife life knife wolf half leaf shelf B: 名词词尾的读音规则:

A [ p] [t] [k] [f]等清辅音后读[s] cups hats cakes roofs B. [s] [z] [∫] [t∫]等音后读[iz] glasses, faces, roses. C.在其他情况下读作[z] beds days cities knives. D.th结尾的词原来读[ ] 加词尾后多数读[ ] 如: mouthmouths pathpaths ;

但是也有不变化的,如: monthmonths, ninthninths, youthyouths.

1.manmen, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, goosegeese childchildren, mousemice,

2.单复数相同: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese Swiss. 3.man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化. man servantmen servants. (boy/girl students)


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