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一般过去时的用法及结构
1. 一般过去时的基本用法
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等.
【举例】 I got up at 6:30 yesterday。 我昨天6:30起床.
My father was very busy last week. 我父亲上周很忙。
2. 一般过去时的基本结构
⑴ 肯定句“主语+动词过去式+其他"或者“主语+was/were+其他". 【举例】 I played tennis last weekend。 我上周末打网球了。
My school trip was great。 我的学校郊游棒极了。
⑵ 否定句“主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他"或“主语+wasn’t/weren't+其他".
【举例】 The girl didn’t play computer games yesterday afternoon. 这个女孩昨天下午没玩
电子游戏。
Old Henry wasn’t happy last Friday。 上星期五老亨利不高兴.
⑶ 一般疑问句“Did+主语+动词原形+其他?”肯定回答为“Yes,主语+did”,否定回答为“No,主语+didn’t”或者“Was/Were+主语+其他?"肯定回答为“Yes,主语+was/were”,否定回答为“No,主语+wasn't/weren’t”。
【举例】— Did you go to the beach? 你们去海滩了吗?
- Yes, we did。/No, we didn't。 是的,我们去了。/不,我们没有。 - Was your weekend OK? 你的周末过得还行吧?
— Yes, it was。/No, it wasn't。 是的,还行。/不,不行。
⑷ 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(顺序)?
【举例】— What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了?
- He visited his grandparents。 他去看了他的祖父母. - Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿? - I was at home。 我在家里。
为了便于记忆行为动词(实义动词)的一般过去时用法及结构,我们可用以下歌诀来帮助记忆:动词一般过去时,表示过去发生事。
谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志。 否定形式很简单,主语之后didn't添。
谓语动词要还原。疑问构成有规则,主语前面加did.
过去式的构成
be动词和实义动词过去式的构成:
⑴ 系动词be 的过去式有两种形式:was 和were。其中was 是am和is的过去式,were 是are的过去式。
⑵ 规则动词过去式的构成:
①一般在动词末尾加—ed. 【举例】walk→walked play→played ②以不发音e结尾的动词末尾只加—d 。【举例】love→loved decide→decided ③结尾是“辅音字母+y "的动词。先将y 变为i,再加-ed . 【举例】study→studied carry→carried
④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写该辅音字母,再加—ed 。 【举例】stop→stopped plan→planned
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规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆: 过去式构成有规律,一般词尾加-ed 如果词尾有个e(不发音的),只需直接加上—d 。 “辅音字母+y ”在词尾,变y为i加-ed 。 “一辅重闭”作尾巴,双写之后加-ed 。 随堂练习:
一.写出下列动词的过去式.
1。am/is ________ 2。do _______ 3.go ________ 4。have _______ 5。isn’t _________ 6. aren’t ________ 7.spend________ 8.cook_______ 9.read ________ 10.clean _______ 11。live _______ 12.study_________ 二.用适当的词完成下列对话。
1.— How was your weekend? — It ______ great。
— What _______ you ______ last weekend ? — I _______ some homework。 2。— What ______ she ______ last weekend? — She _______ to the beach. 3.— What _______ they do last weekend? — They ________ to the movies. 三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1。 We _________ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night. 2.Jack ____________ (study) for the English test last Sunday. 3._______ you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last year? 4。 What day _______ (be) it yesterday?
5.The old man _______(be)ill and went to see a doctor. 6。We ________ (have) a party last night.
7.We __________ (visit) the museum and went home.
8。- How _______ (be) the students? — They were very friendly。
9。He often _______ (have) supper at home。 Today he ______ (have) supper at school。 10。We had great fun _______ (play) in the water. 11.That made me ______ (feel) very happy.
12。— ______ he _______ (have) lunch at nine? — No, he didn’t. 13。They _________(buy) a guitar yesterday。 四.句型转换。
1。 He came here last month。 (改为否定句) He _______ _______ here last month. 2.They played football this morning. (改为一般疑问句并作简略回答) —______ they _______ football this morning?
-Yes, they _______./No, they _________ 。 3.They went to Beijing last year. (就划线部分提问) _________ _________ they ________ last year。
4.Tom watched TV last night。 (改为一般疑问句) _______ Tom _______ TV last night? 5。Mary does homework every day。 (用 last night 改写句子) Mary ________ ____________ _________ ________ .
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