7下Unit8形容词和不定代词的用法讲解和练习

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7下Unit8语法知识讲解和练习 形容词的用法和不定代词的用法讲解和练习

第一部分 形容词的基本用法

一、形容词的定义：形容词是用来修饰名词或代词的，在句中可用作定语、表语和宾语补足语等。 二、形容词的用法：

⑴ 用作前置定语，即放在名词前修饰该名词。例如：

China is a great country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。

⑵ 用作后置定语。形容词修饰不定代词或形容词短语修饰名词时，需要后置。例如： He has something important to tell you.他有重要的事告诉你。 She is a girl good at singing. 她是一位擅长唱歌的女孩。 ⑶ 用作表语。例如：

It was rainy yesterday, but today it is sunny. 昨天下雨，今天天晴。 Your mother seems angry. 你母亲看上去生气了。

The milk in the glass has gone bad. 玻璃杯里的牛奶发臭了。 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 树叶在秋天变黄。 注意：

有一些形容词在句中只能用作表语，我们称之为“表语形容词”。初中英语中常见的表语形容词有：afraid, alive, alone, asleep, glad, ill (生病的), ready, sorry, sure, unable, well (健康的)等。例如： I’m sorry not to have been ready for the party. 很抱歉，晚会我还没有准备好。

The children were asleep just now, but now they’re awake. 孩子们刚才在睡觉，现在醒了。 They were unable to help us. 他们没法帮助我们。 ⑷ 用作宾语补足语。例如：

The news made her happy. 那个消息使她很开心。 Who left the door open? 是谁没把门关上？ 三、名词化的形容词：

“the＋形容词”具有名词的功能，泛指一类人或抽象事物。用作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。可以这样用的形容词有：blind, dead, old, poor, rich, young等。例如：

The young are the hope of the country. 年轻人是国家的希望。 The rich are not always happy. 有钱人并不总是快乐。

第二部分 不定代词的用法

不定代词用来代替或修饰任何不定数量和不定范围的人和事物。不定代词可代替名词或形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。下面举例说明： ①some和any

some(一些)、any(一些、任何)修饰可数名词和不可数名词。some用在肯定句中，any多用于疑问句和否定句中。

例如：There are some books in the desk． There are not any books in the desk． Have you any money?

注意：some可用于表示邀请、请求的疑问句或用于说话者希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，any有时也用于肯定句，表示“任何的”“任何一个”“任何一些”等。 例如：—Would you like some tea? （希望对方肯定回答） —Yes, thank you.

—Could I ask you some questions? （希望对方肯定回答） —Of course, you can.



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You can ask me any questions.（任何问题） ②little、a little、few、a few

little、a little修饰不可数名词，few、a few修饰可数名词；a little、a few表示肯定的概念，即：尽管少但“有”；few、little表示否定的概念，表示“没有”。 例如：There is little water in the river. You can walk across it.

There is a little water in the river. You have to swim across it. He has few friends, so he often feels lonely.

I have a few friends in America．I often write to them. ③each、every、everybody、everyone、everything。

each相当于名词和形容词，用作定语或单独使用作主语、宾语、定语、同位语等。every不可单独使用，它必须放在名词等前，只能作定语。 each与every的区别：

1)each侧重于单个，every侧重于全体 、整体。

2)each用于二者或二者以上，every用于三者或三者以上。 everybody与everyone相同，意思是“每人、人人”。 everything意思是“一切”“每件事”。

例如：Two boys came into the classroom．Each wore a red coat. Every student has a new book．

Everybody knows this thing．(don’t they?) Everything goes well．(doesn’t it?)

(把上面两个句子改为反意疑问句，注意用什么代词代替everybody, everything) ④ both、either、neither

both、either、neither都与“两个”有关。 both “(两者)都---”"全”，指两个人或事物，可作主语、宾语、定语。 例如：Both books are good．

There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road. either (两个中间的)任何一个，这个或那个”，可作主、宾、定语。 例如：There are two books. You may take either of them．

—Would you like a cup of tea or coffee? —Either is OK. neither “(两者之间) 一个也不---”，neither是either的否定形式，可作主语、宾语、定语。 例如：Neither of them knows Japanese． Either Li or Wang knows English． ⑤none、no、nobody、no one、nothing

none、no、nobody、no one、nothing都与“无”有关。

none用于指人或物，可与of短语连用，用作单数或复数，而且常用于习语中。 nothing“没有东西；没有什么 (=not anything)”，若作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：—Is there nothing in the box? —No. It's empty．

一How many elephants did you see there? —None．

—What did you see in the zoo yesterday? —Nothing.

注意：以上两句中的答句None, Nothing不可相互替代。 no表示“没有(任何的)---”，等于not any--- 或 not a(an)---。 例如： He has no money．（= He has not any money.）

We have no lessons on Sundays. (= We have not any lessons on Sundays.) She has no brother. (= She has not a brother.)

nobody或no one后不可接of短语来表示“某些人当中”； ⑥a11


a11作形容词且与名词连用时，名词前需加the或one's，即：all the(one’s) + 名词。 例如：I will teach English all my life． All the people are here．

当all代替可数名词作句子主语时，谓语动词用复数；当all代替不可数名词作句子主语时，谓语动( )14. We find it __ to do some reading every day.

A. easily B be enjoyable C. helpful D. interested ( )15. The boy wasn’t ______ at English, but now he does ______ in it.

A. good, good B. well, better C. better, well D. good, better

词用单数。

例：All are here．Let’s begin our meeting. (all代替所有参加会议的人) All is well that ends well.（all代替所有事情） ⑦other、the other、others 、the others、another the other指两者中的另外一个。

例：He has two pens，one is blue，the other is yellow．

other + 复数名词 = others相同，泛指其他的人或物。

例：Some students are carrying water，others(other students) are watering the trees． the other + 复数名词 = the others ，特指一定范围内的其他人或物。

例：There are fifty students in Miss Gao’s class, twenty students are boys, the others are girls． the other + 数词，指剩余的数目。

例：He bought three pencils，one is for me，the other two are for him．

another + 单数名词或another + 数词+复数名词。表示在原来基础上再来一个或一些。 例：I don't like the color of this bag. May I have a look at another one． May I have another three books?

形容词用法练习

选择填空：

( )1. The story sounds ______. A. to be true B. as true C. being true D. true ( )2. These oranges taste ______. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well ( )3. — Mum, I think I’ m ______ to go to school.

— Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two. A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough

( )4. — Lucy, do you have a ruler? — Yes, I do. But it’s ______.

A. very small one B. an only small ruler C. quite small ruler D. only a small one

( )5. ______ food you have cooked! A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice ( )6. They all looked ______ at the master and felt quite ______.

A. sad, sad B. sadly, sad C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sadly

( )7. He’d like to sleep with the window ______ at night.

A. open wide B. open widely C wide open D. opened wide

( )8. The little boy looks ______.

A. lovely B. carefully C. heavily D. sadly

( )9. What ______ news!

A. an exciting B. exciting C. an excited D. excited

( )10. His child broke the new glass, but he doesn’t get ______. A. angrily B. angry C. well D. good ( )11. This kind of cake looks ______ and smells ______.

A. good, good B. good, well C. well, well D. well, good

( )12. There’s ______ with your mother. Don’t worry.

A. something serious B. anything serious C. nothing serious D. serious nothing

( )13. The teacher found him ___ boy. A. clever B. was a clever C. a clever D. is a clever



1—5DACDD 6—10BCABB 11—15ACCCD

不定代词的用法练习

1、不定代词other, the other, something, someone等练习 ( )1. I have two pens. One is red, ________ is blue. A. the other B. others C. other D. another ( )2. There ________ wrong with my bike. A. are something B. are anything C. is anything D. is something ( )3. Mike and Joan are _________ good at math's. A. neither B. both C. each D. no one

( )4. There are two maps on the wall. One is a map of America, ________ is a map of the world. A. others B. other C. the other D. another ( )5. I’m not busy. I haven’t ________ to do. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything ( )6. His parents are ________ doctors. A. each B. all C. both D. no one

( )7. Of the three foreign friends, one is from London, ________ two are from New York. A. other B. the other C. others D. the others ( )8. Are these two books interesting? Yes, ________ of them are interesting. A. both B. all C. either D. neither ( )9. Mary wanted to have a talk with Tom. She had ________ to tell him. A. important something B. nothing important C. anything important D. something important ( )10. There ________ wrong with the machine.

A. aren’t something B. aren’t anything C. isn’t something D. isn’t anything ( )11. My parents are I are ________ interested in music. A. both B. all C. neither D. no

( )12. Look at those students. Some are cleaning the window, ________ are sweeping the floor. A. the other B. other C. others D. the others ( )13. She has an apple in one hand and a knife in ________ . A. other B. the other C. another D. others ( )14. You may keep the book for two weeks, but you mustn’t lend it to ________. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others ( )15. I study Chinese, English and some ________ subjects. A. other B. the other C. others D. the others ( )16. Do they often talk to each ________ in English? A. others B. the other C. other D. the others ( )17. Would you like ________ milk? A. some B. any C. little D. a few ( )18. ________ beasts nor birds would have the bat as their friend. A. Either B. Neither C. Not D. Both ( )19. I’m hungry. Please give me ________ to eat. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing ( )20. Mary sings better than ________ of the other girls in her class. She sings best. A. some B. any C. most D. one ( )21. This story is more interesting than ________ two.

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A. other B. others C. the other D. the others ( )22. All the students had gone out. There was ________ in the classroom. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody ( )23. Since ________ is here, let’s begin our meeting. A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D. nobody ( )24. ________ has taken my pencil by mistake. I can’t find it. A. Somebody B. Everybody C. Nobody D. Anyone ( )25. Did they find ________ in the park? No, they found ________ there. A. anybody; nobody B. somebody; everybody C. anybody; somebody D. everybody; anybody ( )12. Is there any ink in the bottle? Yes, there is ________ .

A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )13. Have you any friends in Pairs? Yes, I have ________ there. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )14. Tom was ill yesterday, but he is ________ better today. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )15. The children want to play ________ longer. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ( )16. Sorry, I can’t answer your questions. I know ________ about the subject. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )26. Tom and Mary are ________ good at French. A. each B. both C. no one D. all ( )27. She made ________ mistakes in her exercises A. any B. another C. no D. one

( )28. There are fifty students in their class. ________ of them are league members. A. Both B. Either C. All D. No one ( )29. We must learn from ________ other. A. every B. on C. each D. all ( )30. The students have __________ on Sundays. A. no any classes B. no class C. no classes D. no any class ( )31. There isn’t ________ on the playground. A. anyone B. everyone C. nobody D. any people ( )32. If you need a ruler. I’ll lend you ________. A. some B. one C. another D. the one ( )33. I have two friends. One is from Australia, ________ is from Japan. A. other B. the other C. another D. others 2、不定代词little, a little, few, a few

( )1. The film is not interesting. ________ people like it. A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few

( )2. That teacher was too busy to work in his office. He had ________ time to do the work. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little

( )3. The artist has learned Russian for four months and he can write ________ Russian now. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )4. Don't hurry! You still have ________ time. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ( )5. There is ________ ink in the bottle. I have to buy some. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ( )6. Tom made quite ________ mistakes in the test. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little

( )7. Can you speak English? Yes, but only ________. I’ve studied it for only ________ months. A. a little; few B. little; a few C. a little; a few D. few; a little ( )8. Would you like some meat? Yes, just ________. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little ( )9. Be quick! There is ________ time left. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few ( )10. The question is so difficult that ________ students can answer it. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )11. You did quite well in the test. You made ________ mistakes. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little



( )17. Don’t hurry. We still have ________ time left. A. little B. few C. a little

形容词的用法

1—5DACDD 6—10BCABB 11—15ACCCD

不定代词other, the other, something, someone等练习

1—5ADBCD 6—10CBADD 11—15BDBBA 16—20CABAB 26—30BCCCC 31—33ABB

不定代词little, a little, few, a few

1—5CCDBA 6—10BCCAA 11—15ADBDB 16—17CC

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D. a few 21—25ACBAA

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