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不可数名词归纳
四川省武胜县乐善中学 符小林
A. Abstract 抽象名词
advice 建议
age 年老 ﻫbeauty 美丽 capitalism 资本主义 communism 共产主义
democracy 民主 ﻫenergy 能源
knowledge 知识 ﻫlaughter 笑声 liberty 自由 ﻫlife 生命、生物、活力 play 玩 ﻫrecreation 娱乐 ﻫstrength 实力
trouble 麻烦 ﻫtruth 真理 virtue 美德 ﻫwisdom 智慧
architecture 建筑 ﻫart 艺术 ﻫchemistry 化学 tics 数学 ﻫmusic 音乐 ﻫphilosophy 哲ﻫeconomics 经济学 ﻫengineering 工程 ﻫEnglish 学 英语 physics 物理学 geology 地质学 ﻫgrammar 语法
science 科学
technology 技术 ﻫvocabulary 词汇 poetry 诗歌
最常见的不可数名词有:(请把意思写出来)
advice, baggage, change, furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, poetry, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep,
fun 乐趣
happiness 幸福 ﻫhelp 帮助 ﻫhonesty 诚实 ﻫinformation
work 工作
信息
youth 青年
justice 正义 ﻫkindness 善良
B. Matter, material 物质名词
air 空气 ﻫbeer 啤酒 ﻫblood 血液 bread 面包
butter 黄油 ﻫcake 蛋糕 chalk 粉笔
cheese 奶酪
coal 煤 ﻫcoffee 咖啡 electricity 电力 ﻫfog 雾 fish 鱼
gold 黄金 grass 草
hair 头发
ice 冰 ﻫink 油墨 ﻫiron 铁
juice 果汁
lumber 木材 ﻫmeat 肉 milk 牛奶 ﻫoil 油 oxygen 氧气 paper 纸 ﻫrain 雨
rice 水稻 ﻫsmoke 烟雾 ﻫsnow 雪 ﻫsoap 肥皂 soup 汤 ﻫsugar 糖 ﻫtea 茶 water 水
wine 葡萄酒 ﻫwood 木
strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, work (二)不可数名词的转化
有些名词的可数与不可数可以相互转化,但词义也同时发生变化,如: 1ﻫ.表示不同的种类,如food, wine, metal, wheat, rice等。ﻫ或者表示量很大,远远超过该词原来表示的程度或次数。ﻫ这一类词常见的有:sands(沙滩,沙漠);waters(水域);rains(大阵雨、雨季);winds(大风);times(时代);woods(森林);ruins(废墟);rags(碎片、破衣服);ashes (灰烬、骨灰)。
(1). The children are playing on the sands. 孩子们在沙滩上玩。ﻫ(2). Song writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USA. (各种价值观)
(3). New businesses will be started in the city. ( businesses:各种商业。)
(4). History is full of other examples of successful people with disabilities. (各种不同的残疾)
(5). Many students want to know about the differences between Ameri--
C. Generic terms 属类
business 商业 ﻫchange 零钱 ﻫequipment 设money 金钱
备 news 新闻 ﻫpropaganda 宣传 fruit 水果 scenery 风景 ﻫslang 俚语 furniture 家具 stationery 文具 jewelry 珠宝 traffic 交通 ﻫvegetation 植被 ﻫweather 天luggage 行李 ﻫmachinery 机械 ﻫmail 邮件 气
D. Subject 学科
biology 生物
history 历史 ﻫliterature 文学 ﻫmathema
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can English and British English. (各种不同之处)
(6). Take turns to offer each other the foods in part 2. (各种不同的食物。)
(7). Thoughts rushed through his head . (各种想法)
(8). He began the research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics . (各种各样的学习和发现)
(8). China Daily has plenty of advertisements, which help to cut the costs of making the newspaper. (各种成本)
2.抽象的不可数名词具体化,含义发生了变化,表示一个或多个“……的人或事物”,这种表达法使语言显得更加简洁生动。例如:
(1),、There would have been many more deaths. ( 死亡的人)
(2)、 Here are some advice for dealing with common injuries . (受伤的地方、伤口)
(3)、The concert that John Denver organized was a great success.(成功的事)
difficulty(困难)――difficulties(难题、难事); worry (烦恼)――worries(令人烦恼的事); pity(同情,可惜)---a pity(可惜的事);
failure(失败)――failures(失败的事,失败的人)等等。
Surprise(惊异、惊讶)—a surprise(一件令人惊讶的事,惊喜之事) knowledge(知识)——a knowledge(一门---知识)
3.在词组或短语当中,一个抽象的不可数名词往往会变为一个可数名词。 (1)、First I heard a noise. (一阵噪音。)
(2)、 It also keeps a record of the date on which they will travel. (一个记录)
(3),、We will meet tomorrow and make a decision then. (一个决定) (4)、 What a delicious supper! (一顿丰盛的晚餐)
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(5),、The hurricane last night had been a great surprise. (一件让人大为惊讶的事情)
(6)、 They telephone the people and fix a time for a face-to-face interview . (一个时间)
(7)、There is a talk on cancer that might be quite interesting. ( 一 二、可数名词转化为不可数名词的情况
1、 A word,words (单词)——Word came that he died of cancer.(消息、信息)
2、a school 一所学样
go to school 上学
3、a church 一座教堂ﻩ be at (或in) church 在做礼拜 4、a prison 一所监狱ﻩ be in prison 服刑,坐牢 5、a basketball 一个篮球ﻩ play basketball 打篮球 6、a hospital 一家医院 be in hospital 生病住院 7、a room 一间房间 much room 许多空间
其它情况:
water(水) ______waters(海/湖水)
cloth(布)______ clothes(衣服) paper(纸)papers(报纸/文件/试卷/论文) time(时间)________times(时代/次数/倍) custom(习惯)_______- customs(海关)。
Experience(经验)_______ an experience(经历) Mr. Smith _______ a Mr. Smith
Work(工作、作业)______works(作品、著作、工程、工厂) good_(好处、益处)_____goods(货物) manner(方式、方法、态度)______manners(礼貌) regard(认为、注视)_____regards(问候)
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