that从句与what从句

2023-01-27 02:06:35   文档大全网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ]

#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《that从句与what从句》,欢迎阅读!
从句,what


that从句与what从句

隆回一中 唐佐中

that用作连词时,本身无词义。 what用作连接代词时, 本身含有疑问意义。二者都可用来引导从句。但什么场合用that 什么场合用what 有些同学却容易弄错。

. 引导主语从句

thatwhat都可引导主语从句。

特点:that在从句中不作句子成分,但不能省掉。

what在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语,也不能省掉。 例如:

1. What he said at the meeting was very important. 他在会上说的话非常重要。 (What在主语从句中作宾语)

2. What surprised us is that he did it alone. 使我们吃惊的是,他一个人做了那项工作 (What主语从句中作主语)

3. That he did it alone surprised us. 他一个人做了那项工作,这使我们吃惊。 (That只是引导主语从句,在从句中不作任何成分)

也可用it作形式主语置于句首,而将that引导的主语从句移至句末。例如: It surprised us that he did it alone.

. 引导宾语从句

thatwhat都可引导宾语从句。

特点:that在从句中不作句子成分, 一般情况下可以省掉,但若句中有两个以上的宾语从句,则只能省掉引导第一个宾语从句的that

what在从句中可作主语。宾语。表语和宾语补足语,而且不能省略。 例如:

1. They stopped to see what was happening. 他们停下来看看面前发生了什么事情。 (what在从句中作主语)

2. The teacher got angry because of what the boy had done. 因为那个男孩子所做的事,老师很生气。 (what在从句中作宾语)

3. The moon and the sun are just part of what we calluniverse. 太阳和月亮正是我们所说的“宇宙”的一部分。 (what在从句中作宾语)

4. All the people believed (that) it was right to rescue the old temple.所有的人都认为拯救古庙是正义之举。 (that在从句中不作句子成分,可以省略)

5. We must believe (that) each of us is able to do something well and that when we discovered what this something is we must work hard at it until we succeed. 我们必须相信我们每个人都可以把一些事情做好,而当我们领悟此事是何事之后,我们就必须努力做下去,直到成功为止。(第一个that可省略,第二个that不能省略。 what引导宾语从句时, what不能省略。)

. 引导表语从句

thatwhat都可以引导表语从句。

特点:that在从句中不作任何句子成分,但通常不能省略。

what 在从句中可以作主语。宾语。表语和宾语补足语,也不能省掉。 例如:

1. Mary is no longer what she used to be. 玛丽不再是从前那样了。 (what在表语从句中作表语) 2. The question is what we should do to prevent him from going. 问题是我们怎样才能阻止他去。 (what在表语从句中作宾语)

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3. The reason why he didnt come today is that his mother is ill. 他今天没来的原因是他母亲病了。 (that只引导表语从句,不作任何成分)

. 引导同位语从句

thatwhat都可以引导同位语从句,对其前面名词的具体内容作详细阐述。后面常常跟同位语从句的名词有fact idea news hope belief promise thought suggestion proposaltruth等。

特点:that在从句中不作句子成分,但不能省略。

what 在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和宾语补足语,也不能省略。

例如:

1. I have no idea what we should do next. 我不知道下一步我们该做什么。 (what在同位语从句中作宾语)

2. He made a promise that he would study hard. 他许诺要努力学习 (that只起引导作用,在从句中不作任何句子成分)

3. The boy expressed his hope that he would be a pilot when he grew up. 那个男孩子希望长大后当一名飞行员。 (that只起引导作用,在从句中不作任何成分)

. 引导定语从句

特点:that可以引导定语从句,并在定语从句中作主语或宾语, that既可指人也可指物。 that从句中作宾语时可省略。

what不能引导定语从句。例如:

1. This is one of the buildings that were built last year. 这是去年建成的楼房之一。 (that在从句中作主语,不能省略)

2. The doctor (that) you met in the street yesterday came here 20 years ago. 你昨天在街上遇到的那位医生二十年前就来到了这里。 (that在从句中作宾语,可以省略) 学生作业本中常常会出现这样的句子:

1. He did all what he could to save the patient. 2. All what he needs is more time.

以上两个句子都是错误的。两句中的what都应改为that that引导的定语从句可修饰先行词all 也可以直接去掉what 这样一来, allhe之间是省掉了作宾语的关系代词that

that引导的定语从句和that引导的同位语从句之间的区别在于: that引导定语从句时,在定语从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) that引导同位语从句时,在句中不作任何句子成分,但也不能省略。

. 引导状语从句

so ... that such ... thatso that可引导状语从句。 what不能引导状语从句,但whatever; no matter what可引导让步状语从句。例如:

1. He made such rapid progress in English that before long he could write articles for an American newspaper. 他在英语上取得了如此快的进步,不久就能为美国的一家报社写文章了。

2. Put the little plants in the shade so that the sun wont burn them. 请把幼苗放在阴凉处以免太阳把它们晒枯。

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