【#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《同位语从句重难点解析及习题》，欢迎阅读！
同位语从句重难点解析(含习题)
一、 同位语从句概述
同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句，常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词 有： belief,chance,doubt,hope,idea,news,opinion,thought,promise 等。引导同位语从句的词有连 词 that,whether 和副词 how,when,where 等。
二、 同位语从句点拨
(1)
同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时，用连词 the next week.
( 2) 同位语从句是疑问句时， 应根据语境选用 who,when ,where,how,whether( 不能用 if)
等词来引导。如： The question who is the best for the job requires consideration.
( 3) 分隔式同位语从句：当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持
平衡，常把同位语从句后置。 如： An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring.
( 4) 后 面 常 跟 同 位 语 的 词 有 ：
doubt,fact,hope,idea,message,news,possibility,promise,question,suggestion,truth,thoug ht,warning,wish 等。 注： advice,order,suggestion 等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位 语从句中的谓语动词须用 (should) +动词原形。如： He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off.
that引导。注：that在从句中不充当
任何成分， 只起连接作用， 通常不省略。 如： I got the news that he would come to see me
三、 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
( 1) 所表达的内容不同： 同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面，但同位语 从句是对该
名词的解释和说明，而定语从句是对该名词的修饰，说明它的性质特 征。如： The fact that he presented was a strong proof.
他所提供的事实是一个强有力的证据。 (定语从句 ) The fact that she hadn'tsaid anything surprised us all. 她一言不发的事实让我们每一个人都很惊讶。 ( 同位语从句 )
(2)
在句中所起的语法作用不同： 引导定语从句的 that 是关系代词，它的作用是连接 主句和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分，而且 指物时，可以用 which代替。引导同位语从句的
that 作宾语时可省略，
如:
that是连词，只起连接主句和从
句的作用，它不充当任何成分， 不能省略，也不可被 which 代替。 We expressed the hope that Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China
the next year.
我们表达了希望史密斯夫妇第二年到中国来访的愿望。 The news(that/which)we heard spread all over the city. 我们所听到的消息传遍了整个城市。 (定语从句 )
( 3) 所修饰的词不尽相同： 同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息
( 同位语从句 )
的词，如： message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion, order,belief,doubt,fear,truth,throught 等，而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。
(4) wh-引导词引导同位语从句时，
的意思。如；
有其本身的疑问含义； 引导定语从句时则没有疑问
I have no idea where the meeting will be held. （同位语从句） He is the only one of these boys who can speak Franch. （定语从句）
四、 相关练习
(1)There is no obvious evidence ____ there is life on any other planet in the solar system. A.which B.that C.how D.where 解析：选 B 没有确凿的证据证明太阳系的其他行星上有生命。 Evidence 后的同位语 从句不缺少任何成分，故用 that 引导。 (2)My friend showed me round the town, ____ was very kind of him.
A.which B.that C.where D.it 解析：选 A 我的朋友领我参观了这个城镇，他真好。非限制性定语从句缺少主语， 所以用 which 引导，先行词是前面的整个句子。 That 不能引导非限制性定语从句； where 引导定语从句在从句中作状语； it 不能引导从句。
(3) ________________ Many children, parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.
A.their B.whose C.of them D.with whom 解析： 选 B 许多孩子的父母远在大城市打工，这些孩子在乡村都得到了很好的照 顾。根据句子结构判断，逗号后面是定语从句，从句主语 parents 前缺少定语，故用 关系代词 whose引导。Their和of them 不能引导定语从句；with whom 不能作定语。
(4) ____________________________________ It 's helpful to put children in a situation ______________________________________ they can see themselves differently. A.that B.when C.which D.where
（5）Many young people in the West are expected to leave ______ could be life 's most important decision — marriage---almost entirely up to luck. A.as B.that C.which D.what
解析： 选 D 许多西方年轻人可能会把自己一生最重要的决定 ---------- 婚姻，几乎完全 寄托于运气。Leave在此是及物动词，表示“把……留给某人决定” 性从句不作成分； which 表示选择意义，意为“哪一个” 。
，所选项引导其
宾语从句并在从句中作主语，所以选连接代词 what。 As 不引导名词性从句； that 引 导名词
Practice
1. __________ The fact she works hard is well known to us all. A.that B.what C.why D.which
2. __________ The fact he was successful proves his ability. A.that B.what C.which D.why
3. ___________ The news he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A.what B.that C.why D.when
4. _______________ His suggestion the meeting be delayed was turned down. A.which B.that C./D.it
5.I have no idea ___ he will start. A.when B.that C.what D./
6.I've come from the government with a message __ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.
A.if B.that C.whether D.which
7. _____________ The thought he might fail in the exam worried him. A.when B.which C.what D.that
8. ___________ The order the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A.which B.whether C.that D.what
9. ___________________________________________________ The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ______________________ he would die of the disease.
A.that B.as C.of which D.which
10. _____________________________ He often asked me the question the work was worth doing.
A.whether B.where C.that D.when
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2022-03-29
