动词不定式及动名词用法的八条规则

2022-05-03 07:08:14   文档大全网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ]

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动名词,不定式,动词,用法,规则
动词不定式及动名词用法的八条规则 (简称:新八条)



1. 英语中,大多数谓语动词后再接动词,要用不定式。不定式的否定,是在不定式前加否定词not(或never 例如:

want to do sth. 想做某事

want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事

would like / would love to do sth. 想要做…… tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人做 <别做> 某事 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人做 <别做> 某事 be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉 be happy to do sth. 对做某事高兴 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事

promise to do sth. 许诺、答应做某事

make up ones mind(s) to do sth. 下决心做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 be afraid to do sth. 害怕、不敢做某事 be able to do sth. 能够做某事 be about to do sth. 马上要做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做 <别做> 某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事



2. 有些谓语动词后,再接动词,既可以接不定式,也可以接动名词。词义无很大区别。 例如:

3. 有些谓语动词后,再接动词,既可以接不定式,也可以接动名词,但词义有区别。 例如:

like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 (一种长期的习惯)

like to do sth. 喜欢、要做某事 (一次偶然、暂时的行为) remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 (还没有做,要去做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 (事情以前做过了)

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begin to do / doing sth. start to do / doing sth. continue to do / doing sth.


forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 (还没做,要去做) forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事 (事情以前做过了) stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做正在做的事 try to do sth. 努力、尽量去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试、试着做某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 regret to do sth. 遗憾去做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔曾做过某事

go on to do sth. 完成一件事,接着做另一件事

go on doing sth. 没完成某件事,继续做同一件事 can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事

cant help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事、忍不住做某事



4. 有些谓语动词或动词短语后,再接动词,只能接动名词,不能接不定式。 例如:

5. 使役动词(即: 表示“使、让”词义的动词)后只能接不带to的不定式(也就是:动词原形) 例如:

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enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 finish doing sth. 完成、做完某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 suggest/ advise doing sth. 建议做某事 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 imagine doing sth. 想象做某事 be busy (in) doing sth. 忙于做某事

sb. spend some time/ money (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 get/ be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 make sb. do sth. have sb. do sth.



让某人做某事 让某人做某事

have sth. done 让某事被做、让别人替自己做某事


6. 动词help后既可以接不带to的不定式,也可以接带to的不定式,但词义有一定的区别。

7. 介词后接动词时,只能用动名词形式。 例如:

8. 英语中,动词或动词短语是不能直接做主语的。如果需要用其做主语时,方法有二:

①将it放在句首,做形式主语,将动词或动词短语改为不定式或不定式短语放在句尾做真正的主语。常常构成如下句型:

②将动词或动词短语改为动名词或动名词短语放在句首做主语。常常构成如下句型:

Doing sth. is adj. for sb. Its adj. for sb. to do sth.

(有时,也可直接将不定式或不定式短语放在句首做主语。 句型为:To do sth. is adj. for sb.

be good at doing sth. do well in doing sth be afraid of doing sth.



擅长做某事 擅长做某事 对做某事感兴趣 害怕做某事 因某事感谢某人 期待、盼望做某事 想要做某事 值得做



help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事

be interested in doing sth. thank sb. for doing sth. look forward to doing sth. feel like doing sth. be worth doing



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