初中英语现在完成时态

2023-03-25 04:00:13 文档大全网 [ 字体：小中大 ] [ 阅读： ]

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时态,英语,初中,完成,现在
现在完成时态

构成 : 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。

否定式 : 主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他。一般疑问式 : Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他简略答语 : Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定 No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定

一、现在完成时态用法一:动作发生在过去,一直延续到现在,可能还会继续。 (如图

●———————————— 现在

该用法中常用词:for, since, how long. 例如:for 后跟时间段 , since 后跟过去时间点或者是过去时态的句子。

How long have you learned English? I have learned English for ten years.

I have learned Englishsince ten years ago.

注意:此用法中还要注意,因为要表示动作一直延续到现在,所以主句中的动词要选择表延续性的动词。例如:

He has been dead for ten years.(be dead是 die 的延续性词

He has been away for two hours. (be away是 leave 的延续性词常见瞬间动词与延续动词的转换:

come / go / arrive/ get to/reach -- be in s.p.

leave – be away buy – have die – be dead borrow – keep join sth.– be in sth. come back – be back

begin to do sth – do sth ( begin to work – work begin - be on become sth. – be sth.

二、现在完成时用法二:表示过去某个动作发生过,对现在造成影响。 (如图 ●…………………………现在

此用法中常用词有:already, yet, just, before, lately, recently, ever/never, so far。 (注意:already, just常用于肯定, yet 常用于疑问和否定, 其他词都可以。例如: He has already come back.He has just come back.

He hasn't come back yet.Have you ever read this novel? Have you heard from him recently ?

注意:此用法中的动词多表示瞬间性动词,也有延续性动词出现,但是要正确理解其含义。例如:

He has died. 他已经去世。 He has been dead. 他去世过。 He has married. 他已婚。 He has been married. 他结过婚。

三、现在完成时态用法三:表示动词重复到现在,可能还会继续。(如图 ● ● ● ● ● ● 现在

此用法中常用词有:数词,次数(once, twice…。例如: I have made five phone calls today. I have been to Beijing three times. He has read the book twice.

注意:区别 have been to sp. 和 have gone to sp.

have been to sp. 表示去过某地已回来; have gone to sp. 表示去某地了,还未回。现在完成进行时态:

构成:主语 + have/ has + been doing

否定:主语 + have / has + not + been doing 一般疑问:Have / Has + 主语 + been doing 简略回答:Yes, 主语 + have/ has. No, 主语 + haven’ t/ hasn’ t.

(此时态可以换成现在完成时态,相当于现在完成时态中的第一种用法。