中英文文献翻译-离合器

2022-03-21 06:40:13 文档大全网 [ 字体：小中大 ] [ 阅读： ]

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离合器,中英文,文献,翻译

附录 A

Clutch between engine and transmission installed in the car to travel from the start the whole process, often need to use the clutch. Its role is to make the engine and transmission can be gradually between the joint, thus ensuring a smooth start car; temporarily cut off the link between the engine and transmission to shift at the time of shift and reduce the impact; When the car when emergency braking from Separate role in preventing the transmission and other drive system overload, play a protective role.

Clutch similar to the switch, splice or break away from the power transmission and, accordingly, have any form of auto clutch, but the form is different.

By the friction plate clutch, springs, pressure plate and the power output shaft composed, arranged between the engine and gearbox, the engine flywheel to the torque is passed to the stored transmission, to ensure that vehicles in different driving conditions passed to the driver Wheel driving force and the right amount of torque, is the scope of the powertrain. In the half-time of linkage, clutch and power input power output allowed speed difference, that is, the speed error to achieve through its transfer an appropriate amount of power. Clutch is divided into three work status, ie the clutch all connections, some of the half clutch linkage and the clutch is not linked.

When a vehicle in normal driving, the pressure plate is jammed against the friction plate on the flywheel, pressure plate and friction plate at this time the friction between the largest between the input shaft and output shaft remained relatively static friction, both the same speed . When the vehicle is started, the driver depresses the clutch, clutch pedal movement by pulling back pressure plate, which is the separation of the pressure plate and friction disc, pressure plate and flywheel at this time no contact, but also the relative friction does not exist. Last one, that is, half of the clutch linkage status. At this point, the pressure plate and friction disc friction less than the full-linked state. Clutch pressure plate and flywheel friction plate on the sliding friction between the state. Flywheel speed is greater than the output shaft speed, transmission out of the power from the flywheel to the transmission part of the pass. Between the engine and driving wheels at this time is equivalent to a soft connection status.

In general, the clutch and the shift in the vehicle when starting to play a role, this time a transmission shaft and the speed difference between the two shafts, engine power must be cut with a shaft after the synchronizer can be very good a shaft speed will be kept synchronized with the second axis, gear hanging up after, and then through the clutch shaft and the engine power will be a combination of the power continue to be transmitted. In the clutch, there is an essential buffer device, which consists of two similar to the flywheel with the disc, the disc hit a rectangular groove, the groove arrangement of the spring, in the face of fierce shock between the two disc springs between the elastic effect, buffer external stimuli. Effective protection of the engine and clutch. Various parts of the clutch, pressure plate spring strength, friction coefficient of friction plate, clutch diameter, location, and the clutch friction disc clutch performance is to determine the number of key factors, the greater the stiffness of the spring, the higher the friction coefficient of friction plates, the larger the diameter of the clutch, clutch performance, the better.

附录 B

离合器安装在发动机与变速器之间，汽车从启动到行驶的整个过程中，经常需要使用离合器。它的作用是使发动机与变速器之间能逐渐接合，从而保证汽车平稳起步；暂时切断发动机与变速器之间的联系，以便于换档和减少换档时的冲击；当汽车紧急制动时能起分离作用，防止变速器等传动系统过载，起到一定的保护作用。离合器类似开关，接合或断离动力传递作用，因此，任何形式的汽车都有离合装置，只是形式不同而已。

离合器由摩擦片，弹簧片，压盘以及动力输出轴组成，布置在发动机与变速箱之间，用来将发动机飞轮上储存的力矩传递给变速箱，保证车辆在不同的行驶状况下传递给驱动轮适量的驱动力和扭矩，属于动力总成的范畴。在半联动的时候，离合器的动力输入端与动力输出端允许有转速差，也就是通过其转速差来实现传递适量的动力。离合器分为三个工作状态，即不踩下离合器的全连动，部分踩下离合器的半连动，以及踩下离合器的不连动。

当车辆在正常行驶时，压盘是紧紧挤靠在飞轮的摩擦片上的，此时压盘与摩擦片之间的摩擦力最大，输入轴和输出轴之间保持相对静摩擦，二者转速相同。当车辆起步时，司机踩下离合器，离合器踏板的运动拉动压盘向后靠，也就是压盘与摩擦片分离，此时压盘与飞轮完全不接触，也就不存在相对摩擦。最后一种，也就是离合器的半连动状态。此时，压盘与摩擦片的摩擦力小于全连动状态。离合器压盘与飞轮上的摩擦片之间是滑动摩擦状态。飞轮的转速大于输出轴的转速，从飞轮传输出来的动力部分传递给变速箱。此时发动机与驱动轮之间相当于一种软连接状态。

一般来说，离合器是在车辆起步和换挡的时候发挥作用，此时变速箱的一轴和二轴之间存在转速差，必须将发动机的动力与一轴切开以后，同步器才能很好的将一轴的转速保持与二轴同步，挡位挂进以后，再通过离合器将一轴与发动机动力结合，使动力继续得以传输。在离合器中，还有一个不可或缺的缓冲装置，它由两个类似于飞轮的圆盘对在一起，在圆盘上打有矩形凹槽，在凹槽内布置弹簧，在遇到激烈的冲击时，两个圆盘之间的弹簧相互发生弹性作用，缓冲外界刺激。有效的保护了发动机和离合器。在离合器的各个配件中，压盘弹簧的强度，摩擦片的摩擦系数，离合器直径，摩擦片位置以及离合器数目就是决定离合器性能的关键因素，弹簧的刚度越大，摩擦片的摩擦系数越高，离合器的直径越大，离合器性能也就越好。