非谓语动词口诀

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非谓语动词口诀

非谓语动词亦称非限定性动词，其形式有三，即：to do, -ing和-ed。其中-ing可称为动名词亦可称为现在分词。依据句法功能而定。它们是中学英语教学中的重点、难点，也是中考和高考的考点。与谓语动词有着质的区别---不能作谓语。而又与谓语动词有着密切联系---表示一个动作或状态，而且可以有自己的宾语、状语、逻辑主语、时态和语态。由于它们的非限定性，使得它们在句法功能中比谓语动词显得更加灵活，更加抽象，更加难以理解，难以使用。从而使中学生容易与谓语动词混为一谈，造成交织使用。在听、说、读、写的实际操作中常常犯错。尤其是及物动词之后的宾语形式。有些动词之后只能用to do,有些只能用-ing，有些之后两种形式均可用，意思基本相同。而有些之后意思不同。有些之后的补足语用to do,有些用原形do，有些用doing。及-ing形式在何种情况下叫动名词，何种情况下叫现在分词等一系列的问题。一直是英语学习者的困惑和障碍。为了便于记忆和灵活运用，本文特以“口诀”的形式,分类予以累述，其目的是增强中学生学习的兴趣，化难为易，化繁为简，浓缩重点排除学习困难，同时有助于熟记英语中常用动词。从而达到快、准、捷的学习效果。 一、不定式宾语两希望

两个希望一期望，假装渴望与切望。

没有计划与安排，准备学会两选择。

manage想请两决定，help提出agree。

要求不定式作宾语，25词答应不敢抗拒。 wish hope expect, pretend long desire．

fail plan arrange, prepare learn choose elect．

manage want ask decide determine, help offer agree. demand, promise dare refuse. eg．I want to speak English. He decides to go out. 二、动名词作宾两原谅

两原谅劝告两避免，承认设想想象之冒险。

坚持完成练习保持喜欢，反对否定正视讨厌。 建议介意错过考虑，着手延期忍受放弃。

包括情不自禁阻防某人，值得习惯忙于盼望想要允许动名来作宾。 excuse pardon advise avoid escape. admit imagine fancy risk．

insist on finish practice keep enjoy． object to deny face dislike.

suggest mind miss consider, set about put off(delay)stand(bear/put up with)give up(get rid of).

include can't help prevent(prevent, stop, keep sb from)

be worth be/get used to be busy look forward to feel like allow／permit。

eg. I finished writing a composition．

He is used to living here．

三、不定式动名作宾意不同

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1． 忆起忘记真遗憾，动名作宾事以前，

今后切莫再遗憾，可用不定式来避免．(意思仪限一般式)

remember forget regret mean

eg.You must remember to bring your dictionary this afternoo

n．

Do you remember giving me that book? (You have already

given

me that book, Do you remember it?)

eg.I mean to do it at once．(I want to do it at once.)

I mean doing it at once．(I have a try at once.) 2. 三个需要很常用，主形被义用动名,不定式作宾表主动．

need want require

eg.I need to go now=I want to go now=I require to go now．

The chair needs repairing=The chair needs to be repaired．

2.stop to do开始做,stop doing停止做．try to do设法做，try doing试一试．

eg.Stop to listen to me=Stop what you are doing and begin to listen to me．

Stop talking=Don't talk。

He tried to think in English=He tried his best to think in En

glish．

He tried repairing the radio．

四、不定式动名词作宾意相同

开始喜欢继续拖延,试图忍受宁愿讨厌。

begin／start like／love continue delay, attempt can't bear prefer hat

e。

eg. We begin to speak English=We begin speaking English． 五、不定式宾补to记牢

w希望想警告，喜欢order鼓励allow告诉。 期望知道请advise教，允诺禁止三强迫。 invite, hate别漏掉，后跟宾补to记牢。

wish want warn like order encourage inspire allow tell.

Permit forbid urge／oblige／force

expect know ask advise／persuade teach invite hate．

eg．He invited me to give a talk．

I wish you to wash your hands．

六、不定式宾补不带to

—让二使听观注意感觉看,listen to也有关,

get带to别小看,help之后随你便(参与do不参to)，被动式带to记心间． let have make hear watch notice feel see／look at get help

eg．The boss made Tom do the job．

Tom was made to do the job．

七、分词宾补要灵活

常见分词宾补有10个，注意观看保持听感觉。

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