英语基础知识大全

2023-11-20 01:56:20   文档大全网     [ 字体: ] [ 阅读: ]

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英语,基础知识,大全
英语基础知识大全

名词的变化规律

1. 一般情况下加s cats; dogs; friends; books; papers 2. s; x; ch; sh 结尾的加es buses; boxes; matches; flashes

3. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的名词;y 改为i 再加es ladies; stories; candies 但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s;如:boyboys; daydays..

4. 部分以o 结尾的名词;有生命的加es; 没生命的加s potatoes; tomatoes; photos; pianos;oo 结尾一般情况下加s zoo; kangaroo

5. f fe 结尾的名词;多把f fe 改为v再加es knives; shelves; leaves 7少数名词有不规则的复数形式;例如:manmen;womanwomen;toothteeth;footfeet;childchildren;mousemice..

manwoman;-men-women..an Englishman;two Englishmen..German不是合成词;故复数形式为 Germansman; woman作定语时;它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定;如:men workers; women teachers.. 有个别名词单复数一样;例如:Chinese;Japanese;sheep;deer;fish..但当fish表示不同种类的鱼时;可以加复数词尾.. 复数词尾ses的读音方法

1、在ptkf等清辅音后读s ;cups; hats; cakes..

2、在szt f等音后读iz;glasses; pages; oranges; buses; watches;faces.. 3、在bd gv等浊辅音后读z;beds; dogs; cities; knives.. 动词各种时态的变化 一、动词三单形式的变化规律

1. 直接在动词后加s ;wantwants; workworks; knowknows; helphelps;getgets.. 2. s; x; ch; sh 结尾的动词在后面加es ;watchwatches;catchcatches.. 3. 以辅音字母加o 结尾加es ;gogoes;dodoes..

4. 以辅音字母加y 结尾;y 改为i 再加es ;studystudies;carrycarries;flyflies;worryworries

5. 以元音字母加y 结尾;直接加s ;playplays. 6. 不规则变化

二、动词ing 的变化规律:

1-ing;-ingcoughcoughing;climbclimbing;standstanding;fightfighting 2.以-e结尾的动词


1如果动词原形以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾;一般应去掉e再加ing

writewriting;hopehoping;carecaring;starestaring;planeplan-ing;havehaving;savesaving; produceproducing; breathebreathing 2-ie结尾的动词应先将e去掉;i变成y然后再加-ing diedying;tietying;vievying;lielying 3-ee;oe;ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e

seeseeing;fleefleeing;freefreeing;agreeagreeing;hoehoeing; dyedyeing;eyeeyeing 4-ue结尾的动词大多应先去e再加-ing

suesuing;imbueimbuing;construeconstruing;pursuepursuing;rueruing 有时;词尾e去掉也可保留: gluegluing glueing;cuecuing cueing; blueblueing bluing; truetruingtrueing;clueclueingcluing 3.以一元音加一辅音结尾的动词

1如果动词最后一音节为重读闭音节;最后一个字母需要重复:

runrunning; stopstopping; hophopping; planplanning;starstarring; controlcontrolling但辅音x是个例外;无需重复x其实起着两个辅音的作用: taxtaxing;relaxrelaxing

2如果动词最后一个音节为次重读音节;最后一个字母有时也重复: kidnapkadnappingkidnaping;programprogrammingprograming

3如果动词最后一个音节为非重读音节;最后一个字母大多无需重复:

openopening;offeroffering;auditauditing但在有些动词中;重复或不重复均可: worshipworshiping worshipping;focusfocusing focussing;cancelcancelingcancelling;traveltravelingtravelling

以非重读的-el结尾的动词加-ing;英国英语习惯于重复词尾l;而美国英语则习惯于不重复1..

4.若动词以一元音加一半元音yw结尾;可直接加-ing

paypaying; throwthrowing;followfollowing; drawdrawing; employemploying 5.以-ic结尾的动词应先在字母c后加一字母k再加-ing

frolicfrolicking;panicpanicking;mimicmimicking;picnicpicnicking;traffictrafficking 三、动词过去式的变化规律:

1.一般在动词末尾加-ed;如:pull-pulled; cook-cooked 2.结尾是ed;如:taste-tasted

3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节;应双写末尾的辅音字母;再加-ed;如:stop-stopped

4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的;yi; 再加-ed;如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式:


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