(完整版)新概念英语第二册自学必备Lesson53

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Lesson 53 Hot snake

【New words and expressions】生词和短语 hot adj. 带电的，充电的 fireman n. 消防队员 cause v. 引起； n. 原因 examine v. 检查

accidentally adv. 意外地，偶然地 remains n. 尸体，残骸 wire n. 电线

volt n. 伏特（电压单位） power line 电力线 solve v. 解决

mystery n. 谜（无法接受地, 解释不了的） snatch v. 抓住 spark n. 电火花

★hot adj. 带电的, 充电的

hot adj. 热的；新鲜的；棘手的；带电的, 充电的 hot-hot-hot 麻辣烫；hot-wings 辣鸡翅；hot dog 热狗 hot-tempered 火暴(脾气)的（temper n. 脾气） hot line 热线；hot topic 热门话题 hot cake 热蛋糕

It sells like a hot cake/cakes. 表示一个东西的畅销, 热销 best seller 畅销的东西 hot potato 棘手的问题 hot news 最热点的新闻

★fireman n. 消防队员

hydrant n. 消防栓, 消防龙头

fire extinguisher 灭火器（extinguisher n. 熄灭者, 灭火器） extinguish＝put out 灭火

★cause v.& n. 引起；原因 ①v. 引起

cause sth. 引起麻烦

Carelessness causes accidents. 粗心导致事故 Pride causes failure. 骄傲使人失败

cause sb. to do sth. 引起某人做某事, 导致某人做某事

Illness caused him to lose his temper. (lose one’s temper 发火) ② n. 原因，强调事情发生的直接原因(一个) because 因为

reason 理由，其他各种的理由(很多个)

★examine v. 检查 examine the soil

check v. 核实, 核对

★accidentally adv. 意外地, 偶然地 (但更趋向于“偶然” 的意思) accident－accidental－accidentally accident n. 事故

unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地(更趋向于“意外” 的意思)

★remains n. 尸体, 残骸 remains指dead body

★solve v. 解决 solve the mystery solve the problem

★snatch v. 抓住 catch v. 抓，如抓鱼 hold v. 握着

snatch v. (突然抓起来)强调动作的突然性 seize v. 抓住(用力) seize my arm 【Text】

At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also

quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. 【课文讲解】 1、Hot snake

hot snake 触电的蛇 get a electric shock 触电

2、At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. at last 最后，终于

put out a fire 扑灭火（put out 扑灭，熄灭，关掉） Please put the light/fire out. a fire 一场(堆)火

3、Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. since then 从那时起，到现在为止

find out （经过研究、努力等）找出，发现，查出……（这里find out的宾语是个从句）

I’ll try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday.

4、Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. broken glass 被打碎的玻璃片 cigarette ends 烟头

5、They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. be able to 能够；be not able to 没有能够

be sure that 对……很有把握；quite sure 相当的把握性 rather adv. 相当

fairly adv. 相当, 公正地, 诚实地

quite(＝completely)>rather>fairly 程度一个比一个轻 quite a few 颇有几个(相当多的)

start a fire＝cause a fire （start vt. 使……发生，引起）

6、This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. accidentally =by chance 偶然地

discover 本身含有偶然发现（某个已经存在的东西）的含义 I don’t know who discovered America.

7、He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. notice 注意别人没注意的东西

the remains表示“尸体，残骸”，必须用复数形式：

The villagers were surprised to see the remains of an aeroplane near the lake. 16,000-volt power line 连字符“-” 一旦加在两个词之间, 这个词之间就失去了加复数的资格,能够加连字符的概念一定是做定语。 ★wind vt. 缠绕，卷在……上；盘旋，蜿蜒

① vt. 缠绕，卷在……上（常与around/round连用） Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree? ② vt. 蜿蜒，盘旋

wind one's way 蜿蜒而行

8、In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. in this way 就这样 9、A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.

had done 先发生的事 drop 无意掉下去的

10、When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. do so 这么做

I refuse to do so. 我拒绝这么做

so常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作/某件事，以免

重复

I think/believe so.

【Summary writing】

1 Have firemen put out a big forest fire in California or not? Have they been trying to discover its cause?(Now that ...)

2 Was there any evidence that it was started by broken glass or by a cigarette end or not?

5 Where did the snake wind itself? What had it sent to the ground? Did this cause the fire or not?(In winding... and)

1 Now that fireman have put out a big forest fire in California ,they have been trying to discover its cause. now that 既然

2 evidence n. 证据

区分同位语从句与定语从句地区别：如果that 做了主语或者宾语, 是定语从句；如果that 既不作主语也不作宾语, 是同位语从句fact , evidence 的后面往往是加同为语从句

5 (In) winding itself around the wires the snake had sent sparks to the ground and it caused the fire. 介词“in”“on”放在动词“-ing”前面的理解方式和没有“in”“on”的理解方式一样

【Key structures】一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时

一般过去时通常与一个表示确切的时间的状语连用，现在完成时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时不需要时间状语，而现在完成进行时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时与all+表示时间的名词连用。现在完成时与一般过去时中既可以用状态动词（表示存在、拥有、感情、思想、需求等的动词）也可以用行为动词，现在完成进行时则通常与行为动词连用。

【Special Difficulties】

Throw to，Throw at and Throw away

throw作及物动词JæV_K主要含义为“投，掷，抛，扔”。 throw to (sb.) 扔给（某人）

He threw the ball to me and I caught it. throw at 对准某一目标扔

The boy threw a stone at the window and broke it. throw away 扔掉，丢弃

Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly.

Cause and Reason cause

①n. 原因，起因；

Do you know the cause of the war? What was the cause of the delay? ② v. 使……产生/发生，引起 cause sth. 导致, 引起 What caused the accident?

cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 reason

①n. 理由，原因

Give me your reasons for going there. What was the reason for the delay?

作“原因”讲时，reason与cause 可以互换，但reason与介词for 连用；而cause则与介词of连用。 reason后面通常跟why引导的从句：

That was the reason why the meeting was put off. ② v. 推理，劝导，说服 reason with sb. 劝说(以道理)

How can you reason with him when he is so worried?

Drop and Fall

drop vi.&vt. （使）掉下，（使）落下，放下（强调的是不小心掉下来）

As he walked past the tree, an apple dropped from it. The waiter dropped a fork.

fall vi. 落下，（雨、雪）下，降，跌倒，摔倒（强调的是掉下

来的概念, 动作） I fell and hurt myself.

When leaves fall in autumn, I’ll come back.

【Multiple choice questions】

6 He was able to solve the mystery. He ___c___. a.could if he wanted to b.could but he didn't want to c.succeeded in solving it d. didn't succeed in solving it be able to＝can, succeed in doing

11 In this way he was able to solve the mystery. ___c___he did it. a.That's so b.Like this c.That's how d. So in this way= that’s how 以这种方式

like 在英文中不表示方式, 只表示两者的东西很象

新概念英语第二册课后习题答案详解Lesson 53

1. c 根据课文第二行… they have been trying to find out how the fire began 可以判断出只有c. wanted to find out what had caused the fire 最能说明消防队员仔细查看地面的原因，其他3个选择都不够全面。

2. d 根据课文第10-12行A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires… When it I did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire 可以判断只有d. a snake which had been dropped on to the wires by a bird 与课文的实际内容相符，只有它是引起火灾的原因，其他3个选择都不符合课文的实际内容。

3. a 只有a. since最合乎题目意思和语法。因为本句是现在完成进行时，只有since引导的时间短语最适合于完成进行时态，表示“自从……以来”，所以应该选a.其他3个选择都不能引导合适的时间短语。

4. c 本句表示时间的词是often, 表示经常性的动作，因此应该用一般现在时。 a. is causing 是进行时，b. has caused 是完成时，d. is caused by 是现在时被动语态，而本句需要主动语态。只有c. causes 是一般现在时，第3人称单数形式，本句的主语Broken glass 是单数，所以c.最符合语法，所以选c.

5. c a. almost certain(几乎肯定)， b. fairly certain(相当肯定)，c. completely certain(完全肯定)， d. nearly certain(几乎肯定)4个选择中只有c.同前句中的quite sure(十分确信)意义最接近，所以选c. 6. c 只有c. succeeded in solving it (成功解决了它)同前一句中的 was able to solve the mystery (解开了这个谜)的含义相同，所以c.是正确答案。其他3个选择都与前一句意思不符。

7. d 只有d. on是对的,因为它后面的词是the ground,表示在地面上,只能用介词on.其他3个选择都不符合题目意思.The snake had been on the ground.这条蛇在地面上。注意本句说的是在蛇被抓起之前，它在哪？它在地面上。

8. c a. controlled it 控制了它；b. checked it 制止了它; c. extinguished it 扑灭了它；d. turned it off 关掉，关上它，只有c. extinguished it 与前一句的 put out the fire (把火扑灭) 意义相同，所以选c.

9. d 只有d. this morning 今天早上, 是正确的表达方式.其它3个选择都不符合习惯用法,都不是正确的表达方式.所以选d.

10. a a. by chance 偶然，b. chancily 没有这个词；c. fortunately 幸运地)和d. luckily (侥幸地，幸运地)这4个选择中只有a. by chance 同前一句中的accidentally (偶然地)意义相同，所以选a. 11. c 前句短语In this way "用这种方法",本句要选一个同这一短语含义相符合的短语. a. That's so 就是如此 b. like this 像这样 d. so 因此, 这3个选择都不符合题目意思. 只有c. That's how(那就是....的方法)同In this way 的含义相符合,因为how 相当于the way in which ,所以选c.

12. c a. taken拿, b. pulled拉,拖, c. seized抓住和d. carried携带4个选择中只有c. seized同前一句的snatched(抓住)意义相同,所以选c.