【#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《腊八节的来历和习俗今天吃腊八粥了么?》,欢迎阅读!
腊八节的来历和习俗今天吃腊八粥了么?
Introduction 腊八节简介
TheLabaFestivalisatraditionalChineseholidayobservedontheeighthdayofthetwelfthlunarmonth.InChina,itiscustomaryonthisdaytoeatLabaCongee.Thedateusuallyfallsinmid-January.LainChinesemeansthe12thlunarmonthandbameanseight.
农历十二月初八是中国的传统节日腊八节,这一天的习俗是吃腊八粥,通常是在阳历1月中旬。“腊”在中国表示农历的第十二个月,“八”表示初八。 History 历史
BeforetheQinDynastyLabafestivalwasacelebrationofthenewharvest.TheChinesecharactersforprey(猎)andthetwelfthmonth(腊La)wereinterchangeablethen,andeversinceLahasbeenusedtorefertoboth.
在秦朝以前,腊八节是为了庆祝丰收。中国汉字里的“猎”和“腊”在那个时候是通用的,也就是从那里起“腊”有了双层意思。 Legend 传说
Theeight-treasureporridgewasfirstintroducedtoChinaintheSongDynastyabout1000yearsago.BuddhismwaswellacceptedintheareasinhabitedbytheHanChinese,whobelievedthatSakyamuni,thefirstBuddhaandfounderofthereligion,attainedenlightenmentontheeighthdayofthetwelfthmonth.Sutraswerechantedinthetemplesandriceporridgewithbeans,nutsanddriedfruitwaspreparedfortheBuddha.Withthepassingoftimethecustomextended,especiallyinruralareaswherepeasantswouldprayforaplentifulharvestinthisway.
腊八粥最早是在1000多年前的宋代被引入中国。佛教当时广泛被中国的汉族接受,他们相信佛教的释迦牟尼,于腊月初八这一天悟道成佛。寺庙里吟颂佛经,准备含有豆类、坚果和干果的粥来纪念佛祖。随着时间的推移,这个风俗慢慢的流传,特别是在农村地区,农民们以这样的方式祈求来年的丰收。
Thereis,however,anothertouchingstory:WhenSakyamuniwasonhiswayintothehighmountainsinhisquestforunderstandingandenlightenment,hegrewtiredandhungry.Exhaustedfromdaysofwalking,hepassedintounco
nsciousnessbyariverinIndia.Ashepherdessfoundhimthereandfedhimherlunch--porridgemadewithbeansandrice.Sakyamuniwasthusabletocontinuehisjourney.Aftersixyearsofstrictdiscipline,hefinallyrealizedhisdreamoffullenlightenmentontheeighthdayofthetwelfthlunarmonth.
不过,还有一个感人的故事是这样的:释迦牟尼在前往高山修道的途中,又累又饿。数日的旅途奔波使他精疲力竭,昏迷在印度一条河边,一个牧羊女发现了他并喂他吃饭——豆类和大米混合的粥。释迦牟尼因而才能继续他的旅程。后经六年苦行,终于在腊月初八这一天悟道成佛。
Eversince,monkshavepreparedriceporridgeontheeveandheldaceremonythefollowingday,duringwhichtheychantsutrasandofferporridgetoBuddha.Thus,thetraditionofeatingLabaporridgewasbasedinreligion,thoughwiththepassingoftimethefooditselfbecameapopularwinterdishespeciallyincoldnorthernChina.
自那时起,僧侣们便在腊八的前夜准备米粥,并在腊八当天举行颂经和敬奉佛祖仪式。因此,尽管随着时间的推移,腊八粥成了流行的冬季食物,尤其是在中国寒冷的北方,但这个传统却是来自佛教。 Customs 习俗
Traditionally,theconsumptionofLabaCongee(Chinese腊八
粥)wasanimportantelementofthefestival.Actuallyeightingredientsareused,cookedwithsugartomaketheporridgetasty.InNortheastChina,NorthwestChinaandJiangnan,thiscustomhasbeenpreserved,butithasbecomerarerinSouthChina.
传统上,腊八粥是腊八节重要的一部分。一般来说要用到八种原料,并加上糖使粥更美味。在中国东北,西北和江南,这个习俗被传承了下来,但在中国南方却已变得罕见。
Northernersprefertouseglutinousrice,redbeans,dates,lotusseeds,driedlong’anpulp,walnuts,pinenutsandotherdriedfruitsintheirporridge;southernerslikeasaltyporridgepreparedwithrice,soybeans,peanuts,broadbeans,taro,waterchestnuts,walnuts,vegetablesanddicedmeat.Inthenorth,itisadessertwithsugaradded;inthesouth,saltisputin.Somepeopleliketoaddcinnamonandothercondimentstoaddflavor.
北方人喜欢用糯米,红豆,红枣,莲子,干桂圆肉,核桃仁,松子和一些其它的干果煮粥;而南方人更喜欢用大米,大豆,花生,蚕豆,芋头,荸荠,核桃仁,蔬菜和肉丁煮咸粥。在北方,它是加了糖的甜点,在南方,人们喜欢加盐。还有些人喜欢放桂皮等其他调味品,以增加风味。
ControllingtheheatisofgreatimportanceinmakingLabaporridge.Atthestart,theflamemustbehigh,butthefirei
sthenturneddowntolettheporridgesimmeruntilitbeginstoemitaverydelicioussmell.Theprocessistime-consumingbutnotcomplicated.
煮腊八粥时控制好火候是关键。刚开始时要大火,火焰要高,但随后就要用微火慢炖,直到它开始散发出鲜美的味道。这个过程费时,但并不复杂。
Labaporridgeisnotonlyeasytoprepare,butalsoanutritiouswinterfoodbecauseitcontainsaminoacids,protein,vitaminsandothernutritionpeopleneed.Cookednutsanddriedfruitaregoodforsoothingnerves,nourishingone’sheartandvitality,andstrengtheningthespleen.Perhapsthatiswhyitisalsocalledbabao(EightTreasure)porridge.
腊八粥不仅制作起来很容易,而且也是营养丰富的冬季食品,因为它含有的氨基酸,蛋白质,维生素和其它人体所需的营养,熟坚果和干果有利于舒缓神经,滋心脏、补元气、健脾胃。也许这就是为什么它也被称为八宝粥。
AnotherLabafoodisLabagarlic,whichisparticularlypopularinnorthernChina.GarlicissoakedinvinegarfortwentydaysstartingfromLabafestival.ThegarlicandvinegaristhenusedalongsideChinesedumplings(orjiaozi)aroundChinesenewyear.
另一个腊八节的食物是腊八蒜,尤其在中国北方很流行。大蒜被浸泡在醋里20天之后,在春节前后被用来伴着饺子吃。
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