不规则动词过去式和过去分词的构成

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过去,分词,动词,不规则,构成
不规则动词过去式和过去分词的构成

1 AAA

costcostcost(花费) hithithit(打,击中,撞) letletlet(让„„) putputput(放„„) setsetset(使开始,安置) shutshutshut(开) hurthurthurt(使受伤,痛) cutcutcut(切割) readreadread(读)

spitspitspit(吐痰)

2 ABA

comecamecome(来) becomebecamebecome变成,变得,runranrun(跑)

成为)

3 AAB beatbeatbeaten(击,打)

4 ABB

catchcaughtcaught(捉住) teachtaughttaught(教) fightfoughtfought(打架) bringbroughtbrought(带来) thinkthought(想,认为)

buyboughtbought(买) learnlearnt / learnedlearnt / learnedmeanmeantmeant(意思是,意(学会)

谓)

spoilspoiltspoilt(损害,糟塌) lendlentlent(借出) buildbuiltbuilt(建立) sendsentsent(送,发) spendspentspent(度过,花费) spillspiltspilt(使„„溢出) telltoldtold(告诉) keepkeptkept(保持) sellsoldsold(卖) feelfeltfelt(感觉) spellspeltspelt(拼写) smellsmeltsmelt(闻起来) sleepsleptslept(睡觉) leaveleftleft(离开) sweepsweptswept(扫除)

winwonwon(获胜)



shineshone /shinedshone / shinedspitspatspat(吐痰)

(照耀)

findfoundfound(找到,发现) sitsatsat(坐) saysaidsaid(说)

digdugdug(控) paypaidpaid(付款,给„„报酬)

laylaidlaid(下蛋) findfoundfound(发现) meetmetmet(遇见) makemademade(制造,使„) feedfed fed(喂养) have / hashadhad(有) hearheardheard(听) loselostlost(丢失) holdheldheld(举,握,拿) bearboreborn(出生) useusedused(使用) understandunderstoodunderstood(明getgotgot / gotten(得到,到达)

白,懂)

hanghunghung (悬挂,逗留,lieliedliedlying(说谎,撒谎) 徘徊)

lielaylainlying(放,位于,hanghangedhanged(上吊) 躺)

standstoodstood(坐,站) laylaidlaidlaying(下蛋,产

卵)

5 ABC 1i―a―u

swimswamswum(游泳)

sing―sangsung(唱)

ringrangrung(钟/铃响,打电话) sinksanksunk(下沉/下降) drinkdrankdrunk(喝)

beginbeganbegun(开始) 2A+ n

blowblewblown(吹,刮风) knowknewknown(知道) growgrewgrown(种植,生长) throwthrewthrown(扔,掷) drawdrewdrawn(画)

riseroserisen(升起,上升)

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givegavegiven(给) taketooktaken(带走) drivedrovedriven(驾驶) seesawseen(看见)

mistakemistookmistaken(错误) showshowedshown/showed(给……wakewokewaken(醒) 看)

ride―rode―ridden(骑)

writewrotewritten(写) 3A+ en

beatbeatbeaten(击、打) fallfellfallen(跌倒,倒下)

eatateeaten(吃) 4. B+ n

speakspokespoken(说、讲)

breakbrokebroken打破,弄坏) freezefrozefrozen(结冰) choosechosechosen(挑选) forgetforgotforgotten(忘记) stealstolestolen(偷窃) dodiddone(做) hidehidhidden / hid(隐藏) wearworeworn(穿) gowentgone(去) is / amwasbeen(是) flyflewflown(飞)

arewerebeen(是)

6 AB

cancould(能 会) shallshould(将 会) maymight(可 以) willwould

动词的基本形式:

1)动词的五种基本形式及其构成 形式 构成

例子 动词原形 不带to的动词不定式 be, have, learn, like



1、一般在动词原形后+s

runs, likes



2ch, sh , s , o, x 结尾的动词,teaches washes goes passes

在词尾加“-es

mixes , fixes. 单三

3以辅音字母加y结尾的词先变yi , 再加-es studies, trytries 1、般在词尾加-ing

reading

2以不发音e结尾的词,先去掉

e,再加-ing.

like―liking , live―living

3以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有 一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字begin―beginning, sit―sitting,

母再加-ing.

stop―stopping

4ie结尾的动词要变ieydie―dying , lie―lying 再加-ing. tietying. 1. 在动词后+ -ed

worked

2. 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,carrycarried 先变yi 再加ed.

过去式及过去分词

3. e结尾的动词,直接加-d

livelived

4. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只stopstopped chatchatted 有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅plan―planned 音字母,再加ed.

preferpreferred

2)巧记ABB型不规则动词 原形特征 过去式 过去分词 eep

ept ept keep, sweep , sleep

ell old old sell, tell end ent ent lend , spend , send

ay

aid

aid

say , pay

2




n ing each

nt ought aught

nt ought aught

burn, learn , mean bring , buy , fight ,think

catch, teach

常用的同音词

our-------hour dear-----deer meat--------meet father----farther hair----hare(野兔) no----know right--------write hear-----here

son------sun whetherweather sea----see their---there wait-----weight latter----letter where----wear wood------would

way----weigh one---won too----two----to ate-----eight 3)巧记ABC 过去式 过去分词

eak oke oken break , speak eal ole olen steal

ear dre orn wear , bear , tear ow ew own grow , blow, know , throw i a u sink , swim , drink , ring , sing i

o

n

drive , rise , ride , write

一些常用的非持续性动词与之对应的持续性动词

borrowkeep(借入) buyhave (买回) comebe here(来) go-be there(去) diebe dead(死) openbe open(开) close-be closed(关) fall asleep be asleep(入睡)put onwear(穿) get up be up(起床) get to knowknow(认识) leave-be away(离开) come backbe back(回来) begin / startbe on(开始) end / finish be over(结束,完成) wake upbe awake(醒来) marry/get marriedbe married(结婚) catch a coldhave a cold(感冒) start to studystudy学习 fall asleepbe asleep(入睡) losenot have(失去,丢失) fall ill-be ill(生病) join-be in / be a member of(加入) reach / arrive / get to-be here / there (到达)





be--------bee new------knew blue----blew() peace------piece red------read(过去式) four-----for war-----wore its-----its

pear------pair week----weak threw-----through nose----knows past----passed whose------whos hole----whole buy-----bye----by I------eye hi-----high his-----hes

常见的不规则名词复数

foot-----feet tooth-----teeth goose------geese mouse-----mice man----men woman-----women policewoman------policewomen

Englishman-----Englishmen Englishwoman----Englishwomen Frenchman----Frenchmen Frenchwoman----Frenchwomen German----Germans sheep-----sheep deer----deer fish----fish ox---oxen Chinese----Chinese Japanese-----Japanese child----children tomato----tomatoes potato----potatoes hero----heroes Negro----Negroes woman teacher------women teachers

反义词

come---go left---right up---down in front of----behind clean---dirty

new---old quiet---noisy big---small beautiful---ugly interesting---boring east---west south---north like---dislike dangerous---safe summer---winter autumn---spring hot---cold cool---warm humid---dry out of---into great---terrible short---long short---tall thin---heavy thin---fat curly---straight countable---uncountable large---small regular---irregular present---past happy---unhappy fair---unfair old---young fantastic---awful friendly---unfriendly expensive---cheap cry---laugh outside---inside in class---after class yes---no white---black this---that father---mother boy---girl grand father---grandmother aunt---uncle sister---brother borrowlend son---daughter these---those question---answer he---she get up---go to bed full---empty full---hungry above---below on------under lost---found open---close give---get first---last write--right clever---foolish bring-take sell---buy woman---man busy---free crowded---uncrowded remember---forget safety---danger oldnew weakstrong highlow

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