【#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《现在分词讲与练》，欢迎阅读！
现在分词
分词有现在分词和过去分词，有动词的特征，有形容词和副词的功能。现在分词有主动意义，而及物动词的过去分词具有被动意义，不及物动词具有主动意义，表示已经发生过的事情。 一、现在分词
1． 表语 许多现在分词已经成为形容词：
如amusing(有趣的,引人发笑的), annoying(恼人的,讨厌的),astonishing(可惊异的), attracting([ə'træktiŋ]吸引人的), boring(烦人的), disappointing(令人失望的), discouraging([dis'kʌridʒiŋ] 令人气馁的，令人泄气的), encouraging([in'kʌridʒiŋ] 令人鼓舞的), embarrassing(令人难堪的), exciting(令人激动的), fascinating(迷人的), frightening(吓人的), interesting(有趣的), inspiring([in'spaiəriŋ] a. 令人振奋的), 重新注意一下所给出的例子
Hearing the bad news(=When she heard the bad news), she burst into tears. 听到这个坏消息时,她大哭起来。
Once, while working (=While he was working )on a new invention, Edison made 8,000 tests without success. 曾经，爱迪生在搞一个新发明时,他做了8000次测试，都没有取得成功。 Having arrived(=After they had arrived ) at a decision, they immediately set to work. 作出决定,他们立即开始工作。 2）条件状语 较少见，常在句首。
Working hard(=If you work hard), you will make it. inviting([in'vaitiŋ] a. 吸引人的,诱人的), pleasing, puzzling(['pʌzliŋ] a. 令人迷惑的,茫然不知所措的,莫名其妙的), shocking(['ʃɔkiŋ] a. 可怕的,过份的), surprising(令人吃惊的), tiring(['taiəiŋ] a. 麻烦的,无聊的)等，都具有主动意义，译成“令人…的”，但是 missing是主动表示被动。这些词同普通形容词一样可以由副词修饰，也可以有比较等级。
The story is amusing, more amusing than all the others. 这个故事很有趣,比所有的故事都有趣。 注意：go, come, sit, stand等动词后面能接-ing作表语（或理解为状语）。如：
Jim has gone fishing. I’d rather come walking with him. 吉姆已经去钓鱼了。我宁愿和他同行。 We sat telling stories to the children. 我们坐下来给孩子们讲故事。 He stood watching the football match. 他站在那里，观看足球比赛。 2． 宾语补足语 以下几类动词可以接现在分词作宾补：
1） see(看见), hear(听见), smell(闻到), feel(感觉到), watch(观看), find(找到，发现), notice(注意到), observe([əb'zə:v] v. 观察,遵守,注意到), look at(看…), listen to(听…)等表示感觉的动词，现在分词的动作与谓语同时发生。
Can you smell anything burning? 你能闻到东西烧焦的味道吗?
I saw them swimming in the pool just now. 我看见他们在池塘里游泳了。 2） have, keep, get, set, send, leave等表示“致使”等意义的动词。 I won’t have you doing that. 我不允许你做那件事。 His remarks left me wondering his real purpose. 他的话使我摸不清到底他的真正的目的。 注意：
1.感觉动词后面的现在分词宾补表示正在进行的动作，即非全过程；要表示动作的全过程，要用不定式。
I saw him crossing the road. 我看到他在穿过马路。 I saw him cross the road. 我看到他穿过了马路。
2.现在分词做宾语补足语 宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系 即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。
I saw him singing now. 我看见他在唱歌。
Don't have the students studying all day. 不要让学生们一整天都学习。 3．定语 现在分词可以前置和后置。 1）前置 通常由一个现在分词承当。
hard-working people(勤劳的人民), that never-ending quarrel(那永无休止的争吵), fine-looking buildings(看上去漂亮的建筑物), an English-speaking man(一个讲英语的人); 2）后置 通常由一个现在分词短语承当。
I have a friend living in London. 我有一个住在伦敦的朋友。 Will the people sitting at the back please keep quiet? 坐在后面的人,请保持安静,好吗? 4．状语
1）时间状语 常在句首,可将其转化为一个时间状语从句。
Walking in the street,I saw him.(= When/While I was walking in the street,I saw him.) 当我在街上走时，我看到他了．
当表达正在进行的动作时,可以在分词前面加上when／while。 上面例句也可以改写为When/While walking in the street,I saw him.
如果努力工作,你能做到。
If playing (=If you play )all day, you will waste your valuable time. 如果你整天玩耍,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 3）原因状语 常在句首。
Not understanding(=As he didn’t understand ) the problem, he asked the teacher again. 由于不理解这个问题,他又问了老师一遍。
Being(=As he was ) a shy man, Einstein did not attend his fiftieth birthday party. 由于他是一个害羞的人,爱因斯坦没有参加他五十的生日聚会。
Having lived(=As he lived ) in Berlin so many years, he knew the city quite well. 由于他在柏林住了这么多年,他对这个城市非常了解。 4）结果状语 常在句末。
He dropped the cup,(=and he broke) breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果把它摔成了碎片。
One by one Peter sold his tomatoes, getting only a small amount of their worth. 彼得一个接一个出售他的 番茄,结果只有少量的卖出应有的价钱。 5）程度状语 常在句末。
The soup is boiling hot. 这汤沸腾了，是热的。 It is freezing cold. 天气非常寒冷。
6）伴随状语 常在句末，表示伴随情况、行为方式、补充说明等。
They stood at the roadside, watching the procession. 他们站在路边,看游行。 The children ran out, laughing and talking merrily. 孩子们欢快地说笑着，跑了出来。
He sat at the window reading. 他坐在窗口读书。
注意：
1.作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时要位于句首，且与后面用逗号隔开，并且能转换为一个相应的状语从句。
2.作结果、方式、伴随状语时要位于句尾，且与前面用逗号隔开，有时也可以不用
3.分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语（即分词动作的发出者）一般要与句中主语保持一致． 5.独立成分 表示说话人的态度或看问题的角度。
Judging from what you say, he has done his best. 从你说的情况来看,他已经尽力了。 Generally speaking, this book is not easy. 总的来说,这本书是不容易的 6.独立主格结构
All the tickets having been sold out, we went away. 所有的票已经卖光了,我们就离开了。 She sobbed, tears rolling down her cheeks. 她哭着说,泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。 Weather permitting, I’ll go skating. 如果天气允许的话,我会去滑冰。
He sat there, children playing round him. 他坐在那里, 孩子们在他的身边玩耍。 注意：1）名词化的现在分词。
Helen Keller worked hard to help the sick and the dying. 海伦·凯勒努帮助病人和即将死亡的人。 2）有些名词就是-ing结尾的。
He gave me a good beating. 他痛打了我一顿。
They did all the cooking by themselves. 他们自己做饭。
The building of a new economy requires all our efforts. 新经济建设需要我们作出一切努力。
单项选择：
( -I left my friend ___ there. )1.-Why did you go back to the shop? (
( A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits
)2.Though ___ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in A. a policeman was asked to help )3.Finding her car stolen, ____ .
( C. it was looked for everywhere A. indicating; interrupting )4.The bell ___ the end of the period rang, __ our heated discussion. D. she hurried to a policeman for help B. the area was searching thoroughly ( C. indicating; interrupted B. indicated; interrupting D. indicated; interrupted A. interested; interest )5.It is believed that if a book is __, it will surely __ the reader.
( C. interested; be interesting )6. D. interesting; interest B. interesting; be interested 1.The boy went to the ball, ＿ like a pretty girl.
( A. dressing ) B. wearing C. wore D. dressed
7.. ＿his attention on his novel, he didn’t notice the teacher coming. ( A. Fixed ) B. Fixing C. Fix D. To fix
8.The old engineer talked of the difficulty they ＿ the tower. ( A. built ) B. had building C. had built D. build 9. The boy was last seen ＿near the East Lake. ( A. playing ) B. play C. played D. to play 10.Tom was very unhappy for ＿ to the party.
A. having not been invited B. not having invited ( C. having not invited ) D. not having been invited 11. We went to see him yesterday evening, ＿ him away. ( A. finding ) B. find C. only to find D. found
12.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door ＿ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” ( A. read )13. The old farmer,___ the badly-injured and wounded soldier, came out of the burning B. reads C. reading D. to read
house, ___for help. A. supporting; calling
( C. being supported by; called B. supported by; called D. being supporting; called )14. The brave man died,___ his young wife nothing. ( )15. ___hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam. A. left B. leaving C. being left D. to leave
A. Having been worked B. Not to have worked ( )16.___the exam, the boy was punished by his father. C. Having never worked D. Never have worked
( A. No passing B. Having passed C. Not passing D. Not having passed ( )17. Time____, I can have done it better.
( A. permit B. be permitted C. permitting D. to permit )18.___, the boy couldn't enter his house. )19. ___into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now. A. Since the key has lost B. The key been lost C. Lost the key D. Having lost the key
A. Being translated B. Having translated ( at a loss what to do. )20. ___for the terrible accident, as the public thought, the mayor felt nervous and was C. To be translated D. Having been translated
A. Having blamed B. To blame C. Being to be blame D. Being to blame
( wherever he goes. )21. ___from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him (
( )22. ___from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car. A. Suffered B. To suffer C. Having suffered D. Being suffered
A. Judging B. Judged C. To judge D. Judge
exposed )23. ___with fright, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave, ____his tail to the rain. A. Trembling; exposing B. Trembled; exposed C. Trembled; exposing D. Trembling; ( ( )24. Many teachers were praised at the meeting, Mr. Zhou___.
A. including B. being including C. to include D. included -A group__ itself the League of Peace. )25. -Who were those people with the flags? ( A. calls B. calling C. called D. being called
)26. __you the truth, she knows nothing about it. ( A. Tell B. Telling C. To tell D. Told
27. Linda can't attend the party___ at Tom's house at present because she is preparing a )27. We slept with the light___ all night long last night. A. burnt B. to burn C. being burnt D. burning
speech for the party __ at Marie's house tomorrow.
( A. being held; to be heldB. to be held; held C. held; being held ( D. to be held; to be held
)28. The situation is more ___than ever. I'm ____about what to do next. A. puzzled; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling C. puzzling; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling
( )29. When___ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed.
)30. ___her mother had come, her face lit up. A. find B. finding C. found D. to find
A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearing D. When she heard
将下列短语或者句子译成汉语：
1.a running boy
2.the girl standing there 3.I saw him singing now.
4.Don't have the students studying all day. 5.The story is interesting. 6.The match is exciting.
7.Walking in the street,I saw him. 8.Working hard,you will succeed. 9.Being ill,she stayed at home.
10.Having failed many times,he didn't lost heart. 11.His friend died,getting him a lot of money, 12.Please answer the question using another way. 13.Look at the people lying on the beach. 14.He saw a flying bird and raised his bow. 15.I was satisfied with the exciting speech.
16.With his lips still trembling, he couldn't say a word.
17.“ Mama! ” he cried suddenly, tears rolling down his cheeks.
18.Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful. 20.Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes. 21.The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.
22.European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.
本文来源：https://www.wddqxz.cn/36692d19852458fb760b5611.html
2022-03-31
