英美文学4

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Chapter 4 The Romantic period



Historical Background

1. French Revolution (1789) American Revolution (1775-1783) national liberation movements and democratic民主 movements 2. “the full swing of English Industrial Revolution”英国工业革命开展brought great wealth to the rich and worsened working and living conditions of the poor Romanticism

“It is a broad artistic and literary movement that affected the whole of Europe and America.” Romanticism stresses strong emotions, imagination, nature, freedom from classical art form, self and the value of individual  Chief Literary Achievements

 Poetry Romanticists 华兹华斯, Coleridge柯尔律治, Byron拜伦, Shelly, Keats  2) Prose Essayists随笔作家Charles Lamb兰姆 (Essays of Elia伊利亚随笔)  3) Novel Two novelists Gothic novel哥特式小说 4) Poetic drama诗剧



1、Pre-romantic poets Robert Burns罗伯特.彭斯, William Blake威廉.布莱克 2、 passive消极 poets“Lake Poets”William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 3、 active poets George Gordon Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley,(John Keats)

一 、William Wordsworth Poet Lyrical Ballads

“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”抒情歌谣

“Humble and rustic低卑乡村生活 life was generally chosen, in that

condition, the essential passions本质的 of the heart find a better soil in which they can attain their maturity成熟,less under restraint限制, and speak a plainer and more emphatic language;”

William Wordsworth’s poetic ideas 1、Poetry is Spontaneous.自发 2、 Nature inspires Poetry. 3、Common subjects can be poetic.

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud (background)127页 also commonly known as “Daffodils”

1、Rhyme scheme of each stanza? ababcc

2、Theme? Harmony sings harmony between things in nature and the poet himself.

Comments on Wordsworth Page 127

Leading figure of the English romantic poetry,the main poetic voice .His verse celebrate moral influence exerted by nature on human thought and feeling.




二 、Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞缪尔.泰勒.柯尔律治Lyrical poet Literary critic It tells a strange, supernatural sea tale in the form of a ballad 民谣. (Page 130) “Kubla Khan”忽必烈汗

三 、George Gordon Byron拜伦 Poet 1 、Song for the Luddities 2 、She walks in Beauty 3 、When We Two Parted Masterpiece

Don Juan 唐璜 The hero Don Juan was a Spanish noble young man went through different life experiences and adventures against broad and diverse historical and social backgrounds.

四 、Percy Bysshe Shelley Poet

Quotations Fear not for the future, weep not for the past. Major Works

1、“Ode to the West Wind”西风颂 (ode) 2、“To a Skylark”致云雀 (ode)

3、Prometheus Unbound (verse drama)解放普罗米修斯 4、“A Defence of Poetry”诗辩 (essay)

Ode It is a formal lyric poem, often in the form of a lengthy ceremonious address to a person or abstract entity, always serious and elevated in tone.

五 、John Keats约翰.济慈 The Poet of Beauty 此地长眠者，声名水上书 Keats’ quotations

Nothing ever becomes real till it is experienced.

I am certain of nothing but the holiness of the heart's affections, and the truth of imagination.

I love you the more in that I believe you had liked me for my own sake and for nothing else.

Major Works odes 1、“On a Grecian Urn”希腊古翁颂 2、“To a Nightingale”夜莺颂 3、“To Autumn”致秋 六 、Jane Austen 简.奥斯汀 novelist

Vanity虚荣心 and pride骄傲 are different things, though the words are often used synonymously. A person may be proud without being vain. Pride relates more to our opinion of ourselves, vanity to what we would have others think of us.

1、Sense and Sensibility理智与情感 2、Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见 3、Northanger Abbey诺桑觉奇 4、Mansfield Park曼斯菲尔德庄园 5、Emma爱玛 6、Persuasion劝导 七、Walter Scott Scottish Poet novelist Historical novels Representative Work Ivanhoe 劫后英雄传 Gothic Novel (Page 125)哥特式小说

It is a story of terror and suspense, usually set in a gloomy old castle or monastery. The Gothic novel flourished in Britain from the 1790s to the 1820s.

Ann Radcliffe’s The Mysteries of Udolpho and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein are the representative works.


 1、Prometheus Unbound is a(n) ___ by ___.

 sonnet, Blake B lyrical drama, Shelly C ode, Keats D satirical poem, Byron 2、Coleridge’s “The Rime of Ancient Mariner”, the mariner suffers the horror of death, because ____.

A. he experiences a ship wreck B. he is tortured with starvation C. he kills an albatross D. he undergoes much sufferings

 3、Which of the following statement is not true in describing Gothic novel?  It predominated in the early eighteenth century.  It is a type of romantic fiction.

 Its principal elements are violence, horror and supernatural.

 The Mysteries of Udolpho by Ann Radcliffe is a typical Gothic romance.

4、Which of the following is not written by William Wordsworth?  “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”

 “Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802”  “The Solitary Reaper” D“The Chimney Sweeper” 5、____, Jane Austen’s first novel, tells a story about two sisters and their love affairs.

 Pride and Prejudice Emma Sense and Sensibility Mansfield Park

6、The two poets who won the title of the poet laureate are ___.

 Coleridge and Southey Wordsworth and Southey Shelly and Wordsworth

7、Wordsworth does not emphasize the importance of ___ in poetry composition.

 simplicity in diction spontaneity in feelings  recollection in tranquility the right poetic form 8、“It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.” This sentence is presented in a(n) ___ tone.

 Indifferent ironic delightful jealous

 9、Literally, ___ was the first important Romantic poet showing a contempt

for the rule of reason, opposing the classical tradition of the 18th century.  William Blake William Wordsworth Robert Burns Samuel Taylor Coleridge

10、Don Juan is a long poem based on a traditional ___ legend of a great lover and seducer of women.

 Spanish Dutch English Russian

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