【#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《过去时和过去分词表 瞬间与延续》,欢迎阅读!
美丽罗的高中英语语法班的不规则动词
型 burst burst burst cost cost cost hurt hurt hurt cut cut cut let let let hit hit hit cast cast cast put put put
read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/ set set set shut shut shut
spread spread spread read read read
型
beat beat beaten
型
come came come 型
have has had lend lent lent say said said see saw seen send sent sent sleep slept slept get got got leave left left find found found
bring brought brought buy bought bought build built built
型
be was/were been see saw seen eat ate eaten
wake woke woken steal stole stolen speak spoke spoken fall fell fallen go went gone do did done
begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken
become became become burn burnt burnt
catch caught caught dig dug dug feel felt felt
fight fought fought find found found hear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led leave left left choose chose chosen
draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunk fly flew flown
forgive forgave forgiven forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden
run ran run
lose lost lost
make made made meet met met sell sold sold shoot shot shot sit sat sat
stand stood stood sweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told
think thought thought win won rise rose risen ring rang rung
shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown take took taken tear tore torn
write wrote written wear wore worn
won
延续动词与瞬间动词大转换
动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续动词与瞬间动词。 一、延续动词
表示能够延续的动作,如:learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:①for+一段时间,如 :for 2 years; ②since从句, 如 since he came here;
③since+过去时间点, 如 since last year, since 5 days ago。
例: He has lived here for 6 years. (√) (live为延续动词,所以可以和时间段(for 6 years)连用。
You have borrowed the book for 5 days. (×) (borrow为瞬间动词,不能和时间段(for 5 days)连用,但是又必须得表达这种意思的时候,我们可以换一个词,把borrow这个瞬间动词变成延续动词kept)
You have kept the book for 5 days. (√) (live为延续动词,所以可以和时间段(for 6 years)连用。)
二、瞬间动词
也称终止性动词、非延续性动词, 表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
①在不是完成时的句子中,瞬间动词可与表示时间点的状语连用,如:two years ago; at 5 o'clock;
例:He died 5 years ago.
②在现在完成时中,瞬间动词不能与时间段连用。如果句子中出现了时间段,又必须得用现在完成时,此时,我们可以用与瞬间动词对应的延续动词替换掉这个不能用的瞬间动词。
He left five minutes ago. = He has been away for five minutes.
这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是5分钟之前发生的,是过去时。也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了,这个动作是延续的,要用现在完成时,并且要把原来的短暂性动词改为延续性动词。
三、瞬间动词与其相应的延续动词: arrive(get to /reach)→ be here (in) begin(start) → be on die → be dead
come here(back)→be here(back) leave → be away (from)
fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)
get up→ be up
go/ get out(there)→ be out(there) finish → be over
put on → wear 或be on
open → be open(keep sth open)
join → be in或 be a member of…+组织机构 close → be closed
go to school → be a student borrow →keep buy/get →have
catch(a cold) → have(a cold)
get to know → know
begin to study → study come to work → work move to → live in finish/end → be over come to → be in sit down → be seated marry → be married dress → be dressed become → be
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