【#文档大全网# 导语】以下是®文档大全网的小编为您整理的《动词后加ing规则》,欢迎阅读!
动词后加- ing 的规则
1 .英语动词加-ing,通常是在原形词尾直接加-ing构成:
cough—coughing, climb—climbing, stand—standing, fight—fighting 2. 以-e结尾的动词
(1) 如果动词原形以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾,一般应去掉e再加 ing:
write —writing , hope—hoping , care—caring, stare—staring, plane— planing, have—having, save—saving, produce—producing, breathe—breathing
(2) 以-ie结尾的动词应先将e去掉,将i变成y然后再加-ing: die—dying, tie—tying, vie—vying, lie—lying
(3) 以-ee,— oe,— ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e: see—seeing, flee—fleeing, free—freeing, agree—agreeing, hoe—hoeing, dye—dyeing, eye—eyeing
(4) 以-ue结尾的动词大多应先去e再加-ing:
sue—suing, imbue—imbuing, construe—construing, pursue—pursuing, rue—ruing
有时,词尾e可去掉也可保留:
glue—gluing 或 glueing, cue—cuing 或 cueing, blue—blueing 或 bluing, true —truing 或 trueing , clue—clueing 或 cluing 3. 以一元音加一辅音结尾的动词
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( 1 )如果动词最后一音节为重读闭音节,最后一个字母需要重复: run—running,stop—stopping,hop—hopping,plan—planning,star— starring, control— controlling但辅音x是个例外,无需重复(x其实起着两个辅 音的作用):
tax—taxing, relax—relaxing
( 2)如果动词最后一个音节为次重读音节,最后一个字母有时也重复: kidnap—kidnapping 或 kidnaping, program—programming 或 programing ( 3)如果动词最后一个音节为非重读音节,最后一个字母大多无需重复: open—opening, offer—offering, audit—auditing 但在有些动词中,重复或 不重复均可:
worship—worshiping 或 worshipping, focus—focusing 或 focussing, cancel— canceling或 cancelling, travel —traveling 或 travelling 以非重读的-el 结尾的动词 加-ing时,英国英语习惯于重复词尾I,而美国英语则习惯于不重复1。
4. 若动词以一元音加一半元音(y或w)结尾,可直接加-ing: pay—paying, throw—throwing , follow—following, draw—drawing, employ—employing
5. 以-ic结尾的动词应先在字母c后加一字母k再加-ing: frolic—frolicking, panic—panicking, mic—micking,
这主要是为在动词后加-ing之后保留/k/这个音。若不在字母c后加字母k 而直接加-ing,字母c的发音就不再是/k/,而是/s/:
其实,保持发音不变是英语中的一条一般规则。再如,在
-ing前面无论是增
加、保留还是去掉一个字母,都倾向于保留原先的长元音或短元音的发音:
hoping 与 hopping staring 与 starring playing 与 planning
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